Brain homeostasis refe rs to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period,which is impo rtant for overall health and normal life activities.Currently,there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the...Brain homeostasis refe rs to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period,which is impo rtant for overall health and normal life activities.Currently,there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the adverse consequences caused by brain homeostasis imbalance.Snapin is a protein that assists in the formation of neuronal synapses and plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development of synapses.Recently,many researchers have reported the association between snapin and neurologic and psychiatric disorders,demonstrating that snapin can improve brain homeostasis.Clinical manifestations of brain disease often involve imbalances in brain homeostasis and may lead to neurological and behavioral sequelae.This article aims to explo re the role of snapin in restoring brain homeostasis after injury or diseases,highlighting its significance in maintaining brain homeostasis and treating brain diseases.Additionally,it comprehensively discusses the implications of snapin in other extracerebral diseases such as diabetes and viral infections,with the objective of determining the clinical potential of snapin in maintaining brain homeostasis.展开更多
Background Asian women usually view the oval face,with a beautiful curve and clear outline,as elegant.The fat and bloated mid-lower face,with an undefined outline,takes away from what they perceive to be a beautiful a...Background Asian women usually view the oval face,with a beautiful curve and clear outline,as elegant.The fat and bloated mid-lower face,with an undefined outline,takes away from what they perceive to be a beautiful appearance.Not only a bone but also soft tissue determine the shape of the mid-lower face.In this article,we introduce a modified surgical method of soft tissue for mid-lower facial recontouring,which can improve the fat and undefined outline of the mid-lower face caused by benign masseter muscle hypertrophy and reduce subcutaneous fat accumulation at the same time.The operative technique is simple and effective with few complications.Methods The surgical treatment of 36 patients who met the adaptation criteria was carried out by laser-assisted liposuction combined with masseter muscle dissection.All patients were followed up postoperatively,and the surgical efficacy was evaluated on the basis of:the comparison of facial contours of patients before and after surgery,the change of masseter muscle thickness detected by B-ultrasound imaging,the satisfaction of patients with postoperative facial contour improvement,and the incidence of complications.Results Between March 1,2018,and August 31,2019,36 patients with indications underwent this procedure.The follow-up lasted 6 to 12 months postoperatively and demonstrated that all patients were satisfied with the postoperative results,of which 33 cases(91.7%)were very satisfied,and 3 cases(8.3%)were satisfied with the treatment and had obvious improvement of the appearance of their mid-lower face.Preoperatively,the average mandibular bigonial breadth was 138.6±8.3 mm,and the average thickness of the masseter muscle was 13.9±0.8 mm;the postoperative breadth was 123.3±7.7 mm,and the thickness was 10.1±0.2 mm.The average reduction of the lower face width and masseter thickness were 15.2±2.1 mm and 3.8±0.1 mm,respectively.No complications occurred among the 36 patients.Conclusion The described method makes a great improvement in reshaping the outline of the mid-lower face,improves the fat and unclear outline of the mid-lower face caused by masseter muscle hypertrophy,and reduces subcutaneous fat accumulation.The procedure is easy to perform and is minimally traumatic,allowing for a quick recovery with few complications.These advantages along with the patients'overall satisfaction with the results make it worthy of clinical application.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)reveal great potential for application in catalysis due to their fully exposed active sites.In general,single atoms(SAs)and the coordination substrates need to have strong interactions or ch...Single-atom catalysts(SACs)reveal great potential for application in catalysis due to their fully exposed active sites.In general,single atoms(SAs)and the coordination substrates need to have strong interactions or charge transfer to ensure the atomic dispersion,which requires the selection of a suitable substrate to stabilize the target atoms.Recent studies have demonstrated that amorphous materials with abundant defects and coordinatively unsaturated sites can be used as substrates for more efficient capturing SAs,further enhancing the catalytic performance.In this review,we discuss recent research progress of SAs loaded on amorphous substrates for enhanced catalytic activity.Firstly,we summarize the commonly used amorphous substrates for stabilizing SAs.Subsequently,we present several advanced applications of amorphous SACs in the field of catalysis,including electrocatalysis and photocatalysis.And then,we also clarify the synergistic mechanism between SAs and amorphous substrate on catalytic process.Finally,we summarize the challenges with our personal views and provide a critical outlook on how amorphous SACs continue to evolve.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071382(to MZ),81601306(to HS)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)(to MZ)+5 种基金Jiangsu 333 High Level Talent Training Project(2022)(to HS)the Jiangsu Maternal and Child Health Research Key Project(F202013)(to HS)Jiangsu Talent Youth Medical Program,No.QNRC2016245(to HS)Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine,No.KF2102(to MZ)Suzhou Science and Technology Development Project,No.SYS2020089(to MZ)the Fifth Batch of Gusu District Health Talent Training Project,No.GSWS2019060(to HS)。
文摘Brain homeostasis refe rs to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period,which is impo rtant for overall health and normal life activities.Currently,there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the adverse consequences caused by brain homeostasis imbalance.Snapin is a protein that assists in the formation of neuronal synapses and plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development of synapses.Recently,many researchers have reported the association between snapin and neurologic and psychiatric disorders,demonstrating that snapin can improve brain homeostasis.Clinical manifestations of brain disease often involve imbalances in brain homeostasis and may lead to neurological and behavioral sequelae.This article aims to explo re the role of snapin in restoring brain homeostasis after injury or diseases,highlighting its significance in maintaining brain homeostasis and treating brain diseases.Additionally,it comprehensively discusses the implications of snapin in other extracerebral diseases such as diabetes and viral infections,with the objective of determining the clinical potential of snapin in maintaining brain homeostasis.
基金This study was supported by project grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.81873937)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.LQ20H150007).
文摘Background Asian women usually view the oval face,with a beautiful curve and clear outline,as elegant.The fat and bloated mid-lower face,with an undefined outline,takes away from what they perceive to be a beautiful appearance.Not only a bone but also soft tissue determine the shape of the mid-lower face.In this article,we introduce a modified surgical method of soft tissue for mid-lower facial recontouring,which can improve the fat and undefined outline of the mid-lower face caused by benign masseter muscle hypertrophy and reduce subcutaneous fat accumulation at the same time.The operative technique is simple and effective with few complications.Methods The surgical treatment of 36 patients who met the adaptation criteria was carried out by laser-assisted liposuction combined with masseter muscle dissection.All patients were followed up postoperatively,and the surgical efficacy was evaluated on the basis of:the comparison of facial contours of patients before and after surgery,the change of masseter muscle thickness detected by B-ultrasound imaging,the satisfaction of patients with postoperative facial contour improvement,and the incidence of complications.Results Between March 1,2018,and August 31,2019,36 patients with indications underwent this procedure.The follow-up lasted 6 to 12 months postoperatively and demonstrated that all patients were satisfied with the postoperative results,of which 33 cases(91.7%)were very satisfied,and 3 cases(8.3%)were satisfied with the treatment and had obvious improvement of the appearance of their mid-lower face.Preoperatively,the average mandibular bigonial breadth was 138.6±8.3 mm,and the average thickness of the masseter muscle was 13.9±0.8 mm;the postoperative breadth was 123.3±7.7 mm,and the thickness was 10.1±0.2 mm.The average reduction of the lower face width and masseter thickness were 15.2±2.1 mm and 3.8±0.1 mm,respectively.No complications occurred among the 36 patients.Conclusion The described method makes a great improvement in reshaping the outline of the mid-lower face,improves the fat and unclear outline of the mid-lower face caused by masseter muscle hypertrophy,and reduces subcutaneous fat accumulation.The procedure is easy to perform and is minimally traumatic,allowing for a quick recovery with few complications.These advantages along with the patients'overall satisfaction with the results make it worthy of clinical application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22305051)the National Key Research and Development Project(No.2023YFF0611100)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.265QZ2022002)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300421104)the Funding of GRIMAT Engineering Institute(No.5222201)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB4001301-2)。
文摘Single-atom catalysts(SACs)reveal great potential for application in catalysis due to their fully exposed active sites.In general,single atoms(SAs)and the coordination substrates need to have strong interactions or charge transfer to ensure the atomic dispersion,which requires the selection of a suitable substrate to stabilize the target atoms.Recent studies have demonstrated that amorphous materials with abundant defects and coordinatively unsaturated sites can be used as substrates for more efficient capturing SAs,further enhancing the catalytic performance.In this review,we discuss recent research progress of SAs loaded on amorphous substrates for enhanced catalytic activity.Firstly,we summarize the commonly used amorphous substrates for stabilizing SAs.Subsequently,we present several advanced applications of amorphous SACs in the field of catalysis,including electrocatalysis and photocatalysis.And then,we also clarify the synergistic mechanism between SAs and amorphous substrate on catalytic process.Finally,we summarize the challenges with our personal views and provide a critical outlook on how amorphous SACs continue to evolve.
