AIM: to establish a new animal model for the research of human rotavirus(HRV) infection, its pathogenesis and immunity and evaluation of potential vaccines.METHODS: 5-d, 30-d and 60-d-old Chinese mini-pigs, Guizhou an...AIM: to establish a new animal model for the research of human rotavirus(HRV) infection, its pathogenesis and immunity and evaluation of potential vaccines.METHODS: 5-d, 30-d and 60-d-old Chinese mini-pigs, Guizhou and bamma, were inoculated with a single oral dose of attenuated strain Wa, G1, G3 of HRV, and PbS(control), respectively, and fecal samples of pigs from 0 to 7 d post infection(DPI) were collected individually. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HRV antigen in feces. the HRV was tested by real-time PCR(Rt-PCR). the sections of the intestinal tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe the morphologic variation by microscopy. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the HRV in intestinal tissue. HRV particles in cells of the ileum were observed by electron micrography.RESULTS: When inoculated with HRV, mini-pigs younger than 30 d developed diarrhea in an agedependent manner and shed HRV antigen of the sameinoculum, as demonstrated by Rt- PCR.Histopathological changes were observed in HRV inoculated mini-pigs including small intestinal cell tumefaction and necrosis. HRV that was distributed in the small intestine was restricted to the top part of the villi on the internal wall of the ileum, which was observed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Virus particles were observed in Golgi like follicles in HRV-infected neonatal minipigs. Guizhou mini-pigs were more sensitive to HRV than bamma with respect to RV antigen shedding and clinical diarrhea.CONCLUSION: these results indicate that we have established a mini-pig model of HRV induced diarrhea. Our findings are useful for the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of HRV infection.展开更多
AIM To investigate the influence of high salt on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect.METHODS DSS and NaC l were used to establish the proinflammator...AIM To investigate the influence of high salt on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect.METHODS DSS and NaC l were used to establish the proinflammatory animal model. We evaluated the colitis severity. Flow cytometry was employed for detecting the frequencies of Th1, macrophages and Tregs in spleen, mesenteric lymph node and lamina propria. The important role of macrophages in the promotion of DSS-induced colitis by NaCl was evaluated by depleting macrophages with clodronate liposomes. Activated peritoneal macrophages and lamina propria mononuclear cells(LPMCs) were stimulated with NaCl, and proteins were detected by western blotting. Cytokines and inflammation genes were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RT-PCR, respectively.RESULTS The study findings indicate that NaC l up-regulates the frequencies of CD11b^+ macrophages and CD4^+IFN-γ^+IL-17^+ T cells in lamina propria in DSS-treated mice. CD3^+CD4^+CD25^+Foxp^3+ T cells, which can secrete high levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, increase through feedback in NaCl-and DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, clodronate liposomes pretreatment significantly alleviated DSSinduced colitis, indicating that macrophages play a vital role in NaCl proinflammatory activity. NaCl aggravates peritoneal macrophage inflammation by promoting the expressions of interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6 and mouse inducible nitric oxide synthase. Specifically, high NaCl concentrations promote p38 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-and IFN-γ-activated LPMCs mediated by SGK1. CONCLUSION Proinflammatory macrophages may play an essential role in the onset and development of NaCl-promoted inflammation in DSS-induced colitis. The underlining mechanism involves up-regulation of the p38/MAPK axis.展开更多
It is important to extract texture feature from the ground-base cloud image for cloud type automatic detection.In this paper,a new method is presented to capture the contour edge,texture and geometric structure of clo...It is important to extract texture feature from the ground-base cloud image for cloud type automatic detection.In this paper,a new method is presented to capture the contour edge,texture and geometric structure of cloud images by using Contourlet and the power spectrum analysis algorithm.More abundant texture information is extracted.Cloud images can be obtained a multiscale and multidirection decomposition.The coefficient matrix from Contourlet transform of ground nephogram is calculated.The energy,mean and variance characteristics calculated from coefficient matrix are composed of the feature information.The frequency information of the data series from the feature vector values is obtained by the power spectrum analysis.Then Support Vector Machines(SVM)classifier is used to classify according to the frequency information of the trend graph of data series.It is shown that altocumulus and stratus with different texture frequencies can be effectively recognized and further subdivided the types of clouds.展开更多
For NiTiCu SMA, the Ni atoms are substituted by Cu atoms, which not only greatly reduce the alloy cost, but also have excellent shape memory effect. Four kinds of shape memory alloy films (Ni49.6Ti50.4, Ni48.2Ti50.4Cu...For NiTiCu SMA, the Ni atoms are substituted by Cu atoms, which not only greatly reduce the alloy cost, but also have excellent shape memory effect. Four kinds of shape memory alloy films (Ni49.6Ti50.4, Ni48.2Ti50.4Cu1.4, Ni45.6Ti50.4Cu4, Ni42.7Ti50.4Cu6.9) were prepared using magnetron sputtering. Corrosion behaviors of the four films in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solutions at 37°C were examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. It was found that the corrosion resistance of the NiTi film is superior to the three NiTiCu films. The EIS data were fitted using a parallel resistance-capacitance (as a constant phase element) circuit associated with the surface oxide film. The thickness of the surface oxide layer of the three NiTiCu films increases with applied potential till 0.8 V, while that of the NiTi film can reach to 1.2 V.展开更多
To resolve the strength-ductility trade-off problem for high-strength Mg alloys,we prepared a high performance Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5 Zr(wt%)alloy with yield strength of 371 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 419MPa and elongati...To resolve the strength-ductility trade-off problem for high-strength Mg alloys,we prepared a high performance Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5 Zr(wt%)alloy with yield strength of 371 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 419MPa and elongation of 15.8%.The processing route involves extrusion,pre-deformation and aging,which leads to a bimodal structure and nano-precipitates.Back-stress originated from the deformationincompatibility in the bimodal-structure alloy can improve ductility.In addition,dislocation density in coarse grains increased during the pre-deformation strain of 2%,and the dislocations in coarse grains can promote the formation of chain-like nano-precipitates during aging treatment.The chain-like nanoprecipitates can act as barriers for dislocations slip and the existing mobile dislocations enable good ductility.展开更多
To the Editor:The coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)was first reported by Tambe et al in 1972.[1]Specifically,patients suffering from chest pain but without significant coronary artery lesion,displayed slow coronary ...To the Editor:The coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)was first reported by Tambe et al in 1972.[1]Specifically,patients suffering from chest pain but without significant coronary artery lesion,displayed slow coronary blood flow during coronary angiography examination,which could lead to myocardial ischemia,acute myocardial infarction,and acute coronary syndrome.The development of CSFP has been reported to be around 7%in patients with suspected coronary heart disease.[2]The common clinical symptoms during CSFP include slow opacification of distal parts of normal epicardial coronary arteries in the absence of ventricular dysfunction,connective tissue disorder,valvular heart diseases,and coronary spasm or ectasia.Nowadays,the identification of the CSFP is achieved through coronary angiography by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)flow grade.The corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC)is a very common,simple,and repeatable method used for the quantification of the coronary flow.[3]展开更多
From the stratotype section of the Bazhukeng Formation, Dengshan Group (formerly assigned to the late Proterozoic), situated at Dengshan Village, Zhujia, Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province, three dinoflagellate-bearing h...From the stratotype section of the Bazhukeng Formation, Dengshan Group (formerly assigned to the late Proterozoic), situated at Dengshan Village, Zhujia, Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province, three dinoflagellate-bearing horizons have been found, in which the lower two contain ?Conochitina sp. and Cyathochitina sp., while the upper yields ?Conochitina sp.展开更多
The authors generalize the Fenchel theorem for strong spacelike closed curves of index 1 in the 3-dimensional Minkowski space, showing that the total curvature must be less than or equal to 2π. Here the strong spacel...The authors generalize the Fenchel theorem for strong spacelike closed curves of index 1 in the 3-dimensional Minkowski space, showing that the total curvature must be less than or equal to 2π. Here the strong spacelike condition means that the tangent vector and the curvature vector span a spacelike 2-plane at each point of the curve γ under consideration. The assumption of index 1 is equivalent to saying that γ winds around some timelike axis with winding number 1. This reversed Fenchel-type inequality is proved by constructing a ruled spacelike surface with the given curve as boundary and applying the Gauss-Bonnet formula. As a by-product, this shows the existence of a maximal surface with γ as the boundary.展开更多
基金Project(20171ACE50018)supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province,ChinaProject(2017-YZD2-16)supported by the Key Research Project of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,China。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30400402 and No.30571708
文摘AIM: to establish a new animal model for the research of human rotavirus(HRV) infection, its pathogenesis and immunity and evaluation of potential vaccines.METHODS: 5-d, 30-d and 60-d-old Chinese mini-pigs, Guizhou and bamma, were inoculated with a single oral dose of attenuated strain Wa, G1, G3 of HRV, and PbS(control), respectively, and fecal samples of pigs from 0 to 7 d post infection(DPI) were collected individually. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HRV antigen in feces. the HRV was tested by real-time PCR(Rt-PCR). the sections of the intestinal tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe the morphologic variation by microscopy. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the HRV in intestinal tissue. HRV particles in cells of the ileum were observed by electron micrography.RESULTS: When inoculated with HRV, mini-pigs younger than 30 d developed diarrhea in an agedependent manner and shed HRV antigen of the sameinoculum, as demonstrated by Rt- PCR.Histopathological changes were observed in HRV inoculated mini-pigs including small intestinal cell tumefaction and necrosis. HRV that was distributed in the small intestine was restricted to the top part of the villi on the internal wall of the ileum, which was observed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Virus particles were observed in Golgi like follicles in HRV-infected neonatal minipigs. Guizhou mini-pigs were more sensitive to HRV than bamma with respect to RV antigen shedding and clinical diarrhea.CONCLUSION: these results indicate that we have established a mini-pig model of HRV induced diarrhea. Our findings are useful for the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of HRV infection.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81271813 and No.81570497
文摘AIM To investigate the influence of high salt on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect.METHODS DSS and NaC l were used to establish the proinflammatory animal model. We evaluated the colitis severity. Flow cytometry was employed for detecting the frequencies of Th1, macrophages and Tregs in spleen, mesenteric lymph node and lamina propria. The important role of macrophages in the promotion of DSS-induced colitis by NaCl was evaluated by depleting macrophages with clodronate liposomes. Activated peritoneal macrophages and lamina propria mononuclear cells(LPMCs) were stimulated with NaCl, and proteins were detected by western blotting. Cytokines and inflammation genes were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RT-PCR, respectively.RESULTS The study findings indicate that NaC l up-regulates the frequencies of CD11b^+ macrophages and CD4^+IFN-γ^+IL-17^+ T cells in lamina propria in DSS-treated mice. CD3^+CD4^+CD25^+Foxp^3+ T cells, which can secrete high levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, increase through feedback in NaCl-and DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, clodronate liposomes pretreatment significantly alleviated DSSinduced colitis, indicating that macrophages play a vital role in NaCl proinflammatory activity. NaCl aggravates peritoneal macrophage inflammation by promoting the expressions of interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6 and mouse inducible nitric oxide synthase. Specifically, high NaCl concentrations promote p38 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-and IFN-γ-activated LPMCs mediated by SGK1. CONCLUSION Proinflammatory macrophages may play an essential role in the onset and development of NaCl-promoted inflammation in DSS-induced colitis. The underlining mechanism involves up-regulation of the p38/MAPK axis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41775165,41305137,41706109,41475022).
文摘It is important to extract texture feature from the ground-base cloud image for cloud type automatic detection.In this paper,a new method is presented to capture the contour edge,texture and geometric structure of cloud images by using Contourlet and the power spectrum analysis algorithm.More abundant texture information is extracted.Cloud images can be obtained a multiscale and multidirection decomposition.The coefficient matrix from Contourlet transform of ground nephogram is calculated.The energy,mean and variance characteristics calculated from coefficient matrix are composed of the feature information.The frequency information of the data series from the feature vector values is obtained by the power spectrum analysis.Then Support Vector Machines(SVM)classifier is used to classify according to the frequency information of the trend graph of data series.It is shown that altocumulus and stratus with different texture frequencies can be effectively recognized and further subdivided the types of clouds.
文摘For NiTiCu SMA, the Ni atoms are substituted by Cu atoms, which not only greatly reduce the alloy cost, but also have excellent shape memory effect. Four kinds of shape memory alloy films (Ni49.6Ti50.4, Ni48.2Ti50.4Cu1.4, Ni45.6Ti50.4Cu4, Ni42.7Ti50.4Cu6.9) were prepared using magnetron sputtering. Corrosion behaviors of the four films in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solutions at 37°C were examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. It was found that the corrosion resistance of the NiTi film is superior to the three NiTiCu films. The EIS data were fitted using a parallel resistance-capacitance (as a constant phase element) circuit associated with the surface oxide film. The thickness of the surface oxide layer of the three NiTiCu films increases with applied potential till 0.8 V, while that of the NiTi film can reach to 1.2 V.
基金This work was supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2016YFB0301103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51771109 and 51631006)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.16QB1402800).
文摘To resolve the strength-ductility trade-off problem for high-strength Mg alloys,we prepared a high performance Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5 Zr(wt%)alloy with yield strength of 371 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 419MPa and elongation of 15.8%.The processing route involves extrusion,pre-deformation and aging,which leads to a bimodal structure and nano-precipitates.Back-stress originated from the deformationincompatibility in the bimodal-structure alloy can improve ductility.In addition,dislocation density in coarse grains increased during the pre-deformation strain of 2%,and the dislocations in coarse grains can promote the formation of chain-like nano-precipitates during aging treatment.The chain-like nanoprecipitates can act as barriers for dislocations slip and the existing mobile dislocations enable good ductility.
基金by a grant from the Jinshan Health and Family Planning Commission(KJ-KTQN-2017-10)。
文摘To the Editor:The coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)was first reported by Tambe et al in 1972.[1]Specifically,patients suffering from chest pain but without significant coronary artery lesion,displayed slow coronary blood flow during coronary angiography examination,which could lead to myocardial ischemia,acute myocardial infarction,and acute coronary syndrome.The development of CSFP has been reported to be around 7%in patients with suspected coronary heart disease.[2]The common clinical symptoms during CSFP include slow opacification of distal parts of normal epicardial coronary arteries in the absence of ventricular dysfunction,connective tissue disorder,valvular heart diseases,and coronary spasm or ectasia.Nowadays,the identification of the CSFP is achieved through coronary angiography by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)flow grade.The corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC)is a very common,simple,and repeatable method used for the quantification of the coronary flow.[3]
文摘From the stratotype section of the Bazhukeng Formation, Dengshan Group (formerly assigned to the late Proterozoic), situated at Dengshan Village, Zhujia, Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province, three dinoflagellate-bearing horizons have been found, in which the lower two contain ?Conochitina sp. and Cyathochitina sp., while the upper yields ?Conochitina sp.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11471021)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.531107050874)
文摘The authors generalize the Fenchel theorem for strong spacelike closed curves of index 1 in the 3-dimensional Minkowski space, showing that the total curvature must be less than or equal to 2π. Here the strong spacelike condition means that the tangent vector and the curvature vector span a spacelike 2-plane at each point of the curve γ under consideration. The assumption of index 1 is equivalent to saying that γ winds around some timelike axis with winding number 1. This reversed Fenchel-type inequality is proved by constructing a ruled spacelike surface with the given curve as boundary and applying the Gauss-Bonnet formula. As a by-product, this shows the existence of a maximal surface with γ as the boundary.
