Integrating fertility control techniques using steroid hormones after lethal control can help reduce post control rebuildup of rodent populations.The current study is thefirst to assess the antifertility effects of qu...Integrating fertility control techniques using steroid hormones after lethal control can help reduce post control rebuildup of rodent populations.The current study is thefirst to assess the antifertility effects of quinestrol in male lesser bandicoot rat,Bandicota bengalensis which is the predominant rodent pest species in Southeast Asia.Rats in different groups were fed bait containing 0.00%,0.01%,0.02%,and 0.03%quinestrol for 10 days in laboratory and evaluated immediately,and 15,30,and 60 days after treatment discontinuation for effect on reproduction and other antifertility parameters.Effect of 0.03%quinestrol treatment for 15 days was also observed in managing rodent populations in groundnut cropfields.Treatment resulted in average consumption of 19.53±1.80,67.63±5.50,and 246.67±1.78 mg/kg bwt active ingredient by three treated groups of rats,respectively.No reproduction was observed in female rats mated with male rats treated with 0.03%quinestrol,even 30 days after cessation of treatment.Post-mortem examination showed a significant(P<0.0001)effect of treatment on organ weights(testis,cauda epididymis,seminal vesicles,and prostate gland)and different sperm parameters(sperm motility,sperm viability,sperm count,and sperm abnormality)in the cauda epididymalfluid with partial reversibility after 60 days.A significant(P<0.0001)effect of quinestrol on the histomorphology of testis and cauda epididymis was observed,suggesting its effect on spermatogenesis.Affected cell association and cell count in seminiferous tubules did not fully recover within 60 days of stopping treatment.Evaluation of the effects of quinestrol treatment in groundnutfields showed greater reductions in rodent activity infields treated with 2%zinc phosphide followed by 0.03%quinestrol treatment as compared tofields treated with 2%zinc phosphide alone.Research concludes that quinestrol has the potential to reduce fecundity and post control rebuildup of B.bengalensis populations,but long-term studies of the effectiveness of quinestrol under large-scalefield conditions are needed to use it as part of an integrated pest control program for rodents.展开更多
Mature and healthy male house rats,Rattus rattus(n=160)were fed on bait(cracked wheat:powdered sugar,98:2)containing different concentrations of triptolide(0.1,0.05,0.025 and 0%)for 7 and 14 days in no-choice and bi-c...Mature and healthy male house rats,Rattus rattus(n=160)were fed on bait(cracked wheat:powdered sugar,98:2)containing different concentrations of triptolide(0.1,0.05,0.025 and 0%)for 7 and 14 days in no-choice and bi-choice feeding tests in the laboratory.The objective of the study was to record the antifertility affects of triptolide after 30 and 60 days of termination of treatment.Results revealed no significant effect of triptolide treatment on weights of testis,epididymis,seminal vesicles and prostate gland of rats.Overall,sperm motility,live sperm count,sperm density and sperm morphology in the cauda epididymal fluid were found to differ significantly(P≤0.05)between untreated and treated groups of rats.The major effect of triptolide on sperm morphology was in the form of sperm head tail separation,which was up to 56.0%in rats treated for 14 days in no-choice and autopsied after 30 days.A significant effect(P≤0.05)of triptolide treatment was observed on the histomorphology of the testis,which included a dose-dependent decrease in diameter of seminiferous tubules,thickness of germinal epithelium and numbers of various spermatogenic cells.Cell associations in the seminiferous epithelial cycle were poorly developed in rats ingesting medium(4.7-5.1 mg/100 g bw)and high doses(6.9-7.2 mg/100 g bw)of triptolide than rats ingesting low doses(1.8-2.3 mg/100 g bw)and untreated rats.The cell stages affected had not recovered fully within the 60 day period following triptolide withdrawal.The present study suggests the potential of triptolide in reproductive management of Rattus rattus.展开更多
We monitored the prevalence of endoparasitic infections of rodents in Punjab State, India, between January 2004and December 2005. Three species of wild rodents, namely the house rat, Rattus rattus (n = 42), the lesser...We monitored the prevalence of endoparasitic infections of rodents in Punjab State, India, between January 2004and December 2005. Three species of wild rodents, namely the house rat, Rattus rattus (n = 42), the lesserbandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (n = 34) and the Indian gerbil, Tatera indica (n = 15), were live-captured fromhouses and crop fields. Examination of various organs revealed that the highest rates of endoparasitic infectionoccurred in R. rattus (40.5%), followed by B. bengalensis (35.3 %) and then T. indica (20.0%), with an overallinfection rate of 35.2%. All three rodent species were found naturally infected with one or more species ofhelminths. Metacestodes (1–6) of Cysticercus fasciolaris (larvae of Taenia taeniaeformis) were found in all threerodent species (in the liver). In one male T. indica, numerous robust T. taeniaeformis metacestodes were found inoval sacs attached to the mesentery and the abdominal wall, an unusual site. The cauda epididymal fluid of thesame gerbil was also found to be infected with a very rare species of strongylid nematode, which could not beidentified to genus or species level. It is possible that this nematode is transmitted sexually and thus may affect thereproductive potential of gerbils. This appears to be the first report of this phenomenon. In one B. bengalensisindividual, the intestine was found to be obstructed with an acanthocephalan, Moniliformis moniliformis, withconcurrent infection with C. fasciolaris in the form of multiple cysts in the liver. Although no natural protozoaninfection was found in these field rodents, experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection has been established in allthree species with high pathogenicity, and the possibility of sexual transmission was supported by the presence of T.evansi in the cauda epididymal fluid of male rats.展开更多
文摘Integrating fertility control techniques using steroid hormones after lethal control can help reduce post control rebuildup of rodent populations.The current study is thefirst to assess the antifertility effects of quinestrol in male lesser bandicoot rat,Bandicota bengalensis which is the predominant rodent pest species in Southeast Asia.Rats in different groups were fed bait containing 0.00%,0.01%,0.02%,and 0.03%quinestrol for 10 days in laboratory and evaluated immediately,and 15,30,and 60 days after treatment discontinuation for effect on reproduction and other antifertility parameters.Effect of 0.03%quinestrol treatment for 15 days was also observed in managing rodent populations in groundnut cropfields.Treatment resulted in average consumption of 19.53±1.80,67.63±5.50,and 246.67±1.78 mg/kg bwt active ingredient by three treated groups of rats,respectively.No reproduction was observed in female rats mated with male rats treated with 0.03%quinestrol,even 30 days after cessation of treatment.Post-mortem examination showed a significant(P<0.0001)effect of treatment on organ weights(testis,cauda epididymis,seminal vesicles,and prostate gland)and different sperm parameters(sperm motility,sperm viability,sperm count,and sperm abnormality)in the cauda epididymalfluid with partial reversibility after 60 days.A significant(P<0.0001)effect of quinestrol on the histomorphology of testis and cauda epididymis was observed,suggesting its effect on spermatogenesis.Affected cell association and cell count in seminiferous tubules did not fully recover within 60 days of stopping treatment.Evaluation of the effects of quinestrol treatment in groundnutfields showed greater reductions in rodent activity infields treated with 2%zinc phosphide followed by 0.03%quinestrol treatment as compared tofields treated with 2%zinc phosphide alone.Research concludes that quinestrol has the potential to reduce fecundity and post control rebuildup of B.bengalensis populations,but long-term studies of the effectiveness of quinestrol under large-scalefield conditions are needed to use it as part of an integrated pest control program for rodents.
基金New Delhi for providing the financial assistance.
文摘Mature and healthy male house rats,Rattus rattus(n=160)were fed on bait(cracked wheat:powdered sugar,98:2)containing different concentrations of triptolide(0.1,0.05,0.025 and 0%)for 7 and 14 days in no-choice and bi-choice feeding tests in the laboratory.The objective of the study was to record the antifertility affects of triptolide after 30 and 60 days of termination of treatment.Results revealed no significant effect of triptolide treatment on weights of testis,epididymis,seminal vesicles and prostate gland of rats.Overall,sperm motility,live sperm count,sperm density and sperm morphology in the cauda epididymal fluid were found to differ significantly(P≤0.05)between untreated and treated groups of rats.The major effect of triptolide on sperm morphology was in the form of sperm head tail separation,which was up to 56.0%in rats treated for 14 days in no-choice and autopsied after 30 days.A significant effect(P≤0.05)of triptolide treatment was observed on the histomorphology of the testis,which included a dose-dependent decrease in diameter of seminiferous tubules,thickness of germinal epithelium and numbers of various spermatogenic cells.Cell associations in the seminiferous epithelial cycle were poorly developed in rats ingesting medium(4.7-5.1 mg/100 g bw)and high doses(6.9-7.2 mg/100 g bw)of triptolide than rats ingesting low doses(1.8-2.3 mg/100 g bw)and untreated rats.The cell stages affected had not recovered fully within the 60 day period following triptolide withdrawal.The present study suggests the potential of triptolide in reproductive management of Rattus rattus.
文摘We monitored the prevalence of endoparasitic infections of rodents in Punjab State, India, between January 2004and December 2005. Three species of wild rodents, namely the house rat, Rattus rattus (n = 42), the lesserbandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (n = 34) and the Indian gerbil, Tatera indica (n = 15), were live-captured fromhouses and crop fields. Examination of various organs revealed that the highest rates of endoparasitic infectionoccurred in R. rattus (40.5%), followed by B. bengalensis (35.3 %) and then T. indica (20.0%), with an overallinfection rate of 35.2%. All three rodent species were found naturally infected with one or more species ofhelminths. Metacestodes (1–6) of Cysticercus fasciolaris (larvae of Taenia taeniaeformis) were found in all threerodent species (in the liver). In one male T. indica, numerous robust T. taeniaeformis metacestodes were found inoval sacs attached to the mesentery and the abdominal wall, an unusual site. The cauda epididymal fluid of thesame gerbil was also found to be infected with a very rare species of strongylid nematode, which could not beidentified to genus or species level. It is possible that this nematode is transmitted sexually and thus may affect thereproductive potential of gerbils. This appears to be the first report of this phenomenon. In one B. bengalensisindividual, the intestine was found to be obstructed with an acanthocephalan, Moniliformis moniliformis, withconcurrent infection with C. fasciolaris in the form of multiple cysts in the liver. Although no natural protozoaninfection was found in these field rodents, experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection has been established in allthree species with high pathogenicity, and the possibility of sexual transmission was supported by the presence of T.evansi in the cauda epididymal fluid of male rats.
