In recent years,due to the increasingly accelerated pace of life,the incidence of hyperthyroidism is increasing year by year,which has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients.Traditional Chinese Medicine h...In recent years,due to the increasingly accelerated pace of life,the incidence of hyperthyroidism is increasing year by year,which has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients.Traditional Chinese Medicine has a unique effect on hyperthyroidism,Professor Zhang Ning,my tutor,who has been devoting to the clinical study of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases for a long time,has rich theoretical knowledge as well as clinical practice experience.She's also good at using classical prescriptions for syndrome differentiation treatment,and has achieved excellent clinical efficacy.Professor Zhang Ning summarized the diagnosis and treatment idea of"treating from the liver"and ran it throughout the whole treatment process.For the patients prone to abnormal liver function,it is advocated to focus on protecting the liver in terms of medication,increase the effect of anti-hyperthyroidism,and also obtain satisfactory efficacy.展开更多
Background:Oxidative stress is one of the key contributors to cellular senescence and ovarian aging.Quercetin has a variety of physiological activities such as antioxidant.Given that hydrogen peroxide can cause oxidat...Background:Oxidative stress is one of the key contributors to cellular senescence and ovarian aging.Quercetin has a variety of physiological activities such as antioxidant.Given that hydrogen peroxide can cause oxidative damage to cells,the present study is designed to verify the protective effect of quercetin on human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line under oxidative stress.Methods:Cell counting kit-8 and lactate dehydrogenase assays examined cell viability and toxicity.Flow cytometry detected reactive oxygen species accumulation.Glutathione level was measured to analyze the oxidation resistance.Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining,acridine orange/Ethidium Bromide staining and western blot.The mitochondrial structure was observed under a transmission electron microscope.Mitochondrial membrane integrity was detected by JC-1 staining and western blot.Results:Hydrogen peroxide could induce cell injury,promote reactive oxygen species accumulation,and lead to glutathione depletion.hydrogen peroxide also resulted in mitochondrial morphological damage and depolarization,which activate caspase3/9 subsequently.However,quercetin could mitigate these damages.Conclusions:Present study found that hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis of human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line cells,which could be attenuated by quercetin.展开更多
This paper introduces an intelligent framework for predicting the advancing speed during earth pressure balance(EPB)shield tunnelling.Five artificial intelligence(AI)models based on machine and deep learning technique...This paper introduces an intelligent framework for predicting the advancing speed during earth pressure balance(EPB)shield tunnelling.Five artificial intelligence(AI)models based on machine and deep learning techniques-back-propagation neural network(BPNN),extreme learning machine(ELM),support vector machine(SVM),long-short term memory(LSTM),and gated recurrent unit(GRU)-are used.Five geological and nine operational parameters that influence the advancing speed are considered.A field case of shield tunnelling in Shenzhen City,China is analyzed using the developed models.A total of 1000 field datasets are adopted to establish intelligent models.The prediction performance of the five models is ranked as GRU>LSTM>SVM>ELM>BPNN.Moreover,the Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC)is adopted for sensitivity analysis.The results reveal that the main thrust(MT),penetration(P),foam volume(FV),and grouting volume(GV)have strong correlations with advancing speed(AS).An empirical formula is constructed based on the high-correlation influential factors and their corresponding field datasets.Finally,the prediction performances of the intelligent models and the empirical method are compared.The results reveal that all the intelligent models perform better than the empirical method.展开更多
Secondary caries due to biofilm acids is a primary cause of dental composite restoration failure.To date,there have been no reports of dental composites that can repel protein adsorption and inhibit bacteria attachmen...Secondary caries due to biofilm acids is a primary cause of dental composite restoration failure.To date,there have been no reports of dental composites that can repel protein adsorption and inhibit bacteria attachment.The objectives of this study were to develop a protein-repellent dental composite by incorporating 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine(MPC) and to investigate for the first time the effects of MPC mass fraction on protein adsorption,bacteria attachment,biofilm growth,and mechanical properties.Composites were synthesized with 0(control),0.75%,1.5%,2.25%,3%,4.5%and 6%of MPC by mass.A commercial composite was also tested as a control.Mechanical properties were measured in three-point flexure.Protein adsorption onto the composite was determined by the microbicinchoninic acid method.A human saliva microcosm biofilm model was used.Early attachment at 4 h,biofilm at 2 days,live/dead staining and colony-forming units(CFUs) of biofilms grown on the composites were investigated.Composites with MPC of up to 3%had mechanical properties similar to those without MPC and those of the commercial control,whereas 4.5%and 6%MPC decreased the mechanical properties(P<0.05).Increasing MPC from 0 to 3%reduced the protein adsorption on composites(P<0.05).The composite with 3%MPC had protein adsorption that was 1/12 that of the control(P<0.05).Oral bacteria early attachment and biofilm growth were also greatly reduced on the composite with 3%MPC,compared to the control(P<0.05).In conclusion,incorporation of MPC into composites at 3%greatly reduced protein adsorption,bacteria attachment and biofilm CFUs,without compromising mechanical properties.Protein-repellent composites could help to repel bacteria attachment and plaque build-up to reduce secondary caries.The protein-repellent method might be applicable to other dental materials.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Decision making and surgical planning are to achieve the precise balance of maximal removal of target lesion, maximal sparing of functional liver remnant volume, and minimal surgical invasiveness and there...BACKGROUND: Decision making and surgical planning are to achieve the precise balance of maximal removal of target lesion, maximal sparing of functional liver remnant volume, and minimal surgical invasiveness and therefore, crucial in liver surgery. The aim of this prospective study was to validate the accuracy and predictability of 3D interactive quantitative surgical planning approach(IQSP), and to evaluate the impact of IQSP on traditional surgical plans based on 2D images.METHODS: A total of 305 consecutive patients undergoing hepatectomy were included in this study. Surgical plans were created by traditional 2D approach using picture archiving and communication system(PACS) and 3D approach using IQSP respectively by two groups of physicians who did not know the surgical plans of the other group. The two surgical plans were submitted to the chief surgeon for selection before operation. The specimens were weighed. The two surgical plans were compared and analyzed retrospectively based on the operation results.RESULTS: The two surgical plans were successfully developed in all 305 patients and all the 3D IQSP surgical plans were selected as the final decision. Total 278 patients successfully underwent surgery, including 147 uncomplex hepatectomy and 131 complex hepatectomy. Twenty-seven patients were withdrawn from hepatectomy. In the uncomplex group, the two surgical plans were the same in all 147 patients and no statistically significant difference was found among 2D calculated resection volume(2D-RV), 3D IQSP calculated resection volume(IQSP-RV) and the specimen volume. In the complex group, the two surgical plans were different in 49 patients(49/131, 37.4%). According to the significance of differences, the 49 different patients were classified into three grades. No statistically significant difference was found between IQSP-RV and specimen volume. The coincidence rate of territory analysis of IQSP with operation was 92.1%(93/101) for 101 patients of anatomic hepatectomy.CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy and predictability of 3D IQSP were validated. Compared with traditional surgical planning, 3D IQSP can provide more quantitative information of anatomic structure. With the assistance of 3D IQSP, traditional surgical plans were modified to be more radical and safe.展开更多
Many photocatalytic reactions such as CO2 reduction and N2 fixation are often limited by the activation of some key molecules. Defects in solid materials can robustly introduce coordinately unsaturated sites to serve ...Many photocatalytic reactions such as CO2 reduction and N2 fixation are often limited by the activation of some key molecules. Defects in solid materials can robustly introduce coordinately unsaturated sites to serve as highly active sites for molecular chemisorption and activation. As a result, rational defect engineering has endowed a versatile approach to further develop photocatalytic applications beyond water splitting. The subtly designed defects in photocatalysts can play critical and decisive roles in molecular activation as proven in recent years. The defects cannot only serve as active sites for molecular chemisorption, but also spatially supply channels for energy and electron transfer. In this review, we aim to summarize the diversiform photocatalytic applications using defects as active sites, including but not limited to CO2 reduction, O2 activation,H2O dissociation, N2 fixation as well as activation of other molecules. In particular, we emphatically outline how the parameters of defects (e.g.,concentration,location,geometric and electronic structures) can serve as the knobs for maneuvering molecular adsorption and activation as well as altering subsequent reaction pathway. Moreover, we underline the remaining challenges at the current stage and the potential development in the future.It is anticipated that this review consolidates the in-depth understanding towards the structure-activity relationship between defects and related reactions.展开更多
The aim of this present study is to examine the efficacy of attribution retraining group therapy (ARGT) and to compare the responses of outpatients with major depression disorder (MDD),generalized anxiety disorder (GA...The aim of this present study is to examine the efficacy of attribution retraining group therapy (ARGT) and to compare the responses of outpatients with major depression disorder (MDD),generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).We carried out a prospective uncontrolled intervention study with a 8-weeks of ARGT on sixty three outpatients with MDD,GAD or OCD.Hamilton rating scale for depression,Hamilton rating scale for anxiety,Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale,attribution style questionnaire,self-esteem scale,index of well-being,and social disability screening schedule were administered before and after treatment.Significant improvement in symptoms and psychological and social functions from pre-to posttreatment occurred for all participants.The changes favored MDD patients.Our study suggested that ARGT may improve the symptoms and psychological-social functions of MDD,GAD,and OCD patients.MDD patients showed the best response.展开更多
Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Novel serum biomarkers are required to increase the sensitivity and specificity of serum screening for early HCC diagnosis. This st...Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Novel serum biomarkers are required to increase the sensitivity and specificity of serum screening for early HCC diagnosis. This study employed a quantitative proteomic strategy to analyze the differential expression of serum glycoproteins between HCC and normal control serum samples.Methods: Lectin affinity chromatography(LAC) was used to enrich glycoproteins from the serum samples. Quantitative mass spectrometric analysis combined with stable isotope dimethyl labeling and 2D liquid chromatography(LC) separations were performed to examine the differential levels of the detected proteins between HCC and control serum samples. Western blot was used to analyze the differential expression levels of the three serum proteins.Results: A total of 2,280 protein groups were identified in the serum samples from HCC patients by using the 2D LC-MS/MS method. Up to 36 proteins were up-regulated in the HCC serum, whereas 19 proteins were down-regulated. Three differential glycoproteins, namely, fibrinogen gamma chain(FGG), FOS-like antigen 2(FOSL2), and α-1, 6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-β-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase B(MGAT5B) were validated by Western blot. All these three proteins were up-regulated in the HCC serum samples.Conclusion: A quantitative glycoproteomic method was established and proven useful to determine potential novel biomarkers for HCC.展开更多
Electric system planning with high variable renewable energy(VRE)penetration levels has attracted great attention world-wide.Electricity production of VRE highly depends on the weather conditions and thus involves lar...Electric system planning with high variable renewable energy(VRE)penetration levels has attracted great attention world-wide.Electricity production of VRE highly depends on the weather conditions and thus involves large variability,uncertainty,and low-capacity credit.This gives rise to significant challenges for power system planning.Currently,many solutions are proposed to address the issue of operational flexibility inadequacy,including flexibility retrofit of thermal units,inter-regional transmission,electricity energy storage,and demand response(DR).Evidently,the performance and the cost of various solutions are different.It is relevant to explore the optimal portfolio to satisfy the flexibility requirement for a renewable dominated system and the role of each flexibility source.In this study,the value of diverse DR flexibilities was examined and a stochastic investment planning model considering DR is proposed.Two types of DRs,namely interrupted DR and transferred DR,were modeled.Chronological load and renewable generation curves with 8760 hours within a whole year were reduced to 4 weekly scenarios to accelerate the optimization.Clustered unit commitment constraints for accommodating variability of renewables were incorporated.Case studies based on IEEE RTS-96 system are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and the DR potential to avoid energy storage investment.展开更多
Data sharing in Internet of Vehicles(IoV)makes it possible to provide personalized services for users by service providers in Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS).As IoV is a multi-user mobile scenario,the reliabil...Data sharing in Internet of Vehicles(IoV)makes it possible to provide personalized services for users by service providers in Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS).As IoV is a multi-user mobile scenario,the reliability and efficiency of data sharing need to be further enhanced.Federated learning allows the server to exchange parameters without obtaining private data from clients so that the privacy is protected.Broad learning system is a novel artificial intelligence technology that can improve training efficiency of data set.Thus,we propose a federated bidirectional connection broad learning scheme(FeBBLS)to solve the data sharing issues.Firstly,we adopt the bidirectional connection broad learning system(BiBLS)model to train data set in vehicular nodes.The server aggregates the collected parameters of BiBLS from vehicular nodes through the federated broad learning system(FedBLS)algorithm.Moreover,we propose a clustering FedBLS algorithm to offload the data sharing into clusters for improving the aggregation capability of the model.Some simulation results show our scheme can improve the efficiency and prediction accuracy of data sharing and protect the privacy of data sharing.展开更多
AIM: To gain a better understanding of possible factors that may influence the decision of diabetes persons to participate in annual eye screening in an urban community setting of China.METHODS: A structured interview...AIM: To gain a better understanding of possible factors that may influence the decision of diabetes persons to participate in annual eye screening in an urban community setting of China.METHODS: A structured interview including questions on attendance of eye screening, knowledge and awareness of diabetic retinopathy was conducted. The presence and degree of retinopathy were assessed using two field nonmydriatic retinal photography. RESULTS: Totally 720 diabetes persons were recruited and 519 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. In this urban setting of Beijing, among diabetes patients of average of 10 y duration, 77% confirmed having undergone at least one eye examination and 61% reported having at least one eye examination with dilated pupil. As for the last 12 mo, the number decreased to 210(47%) and 131(30%) separately. Most of the participants(95%) were aware that diabetes could affect their vision and that regular eye examination was necessary. Very few of them(12%) however were aware that the early stages of diabetic retinopathy presented without symptoms of vision loss. Having attended patient education on diabetes was effective in building awareness about diabetic eye disease and was a significant positive predictor for attending eye screening [education in a year, Adj. OR=0.47(0.29-0.74), P<0.001, education years ago, Adj. OR=0.56(0.33-0.96), P=0.036]. The duration of disease also increasedthe likelihood of having undergone eye screening(Adj. OR=0.96, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Being exposed to education about the complications of diabetes increases the probability of attending diabetic eye screening. An appropriate patient knowledge building strategy should be made available to patients from the time of diagnosis.展开更多
Background The importance of psychosocial functioning in the assessment,diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD)is widely recognised.However,there is a lack of effective scales to assess psychosocial ...Background The importance of psychosocial functioning in the assessment,diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD)is widely recognised.However,there is a lack of effective scales to assess psychosocial functioning in patients with MDD.Aims To develop a professional questionnaire to evaluate the psychosocial functioning of patients with MDD.Methods Using a literature review,an open-ended questionnaire survey,and patient interviews,a theoretical model of psychosocial functioning was constructed,and an initial questionnaire was formed which included four dimensions.After two rounds of testing,using items analysis and exploratory factor analysis,a finalized questionnaire was created.There were 460 patients with MDD selected from six psychiatric hospitals for formal testing using a convenience sampling method.Forty patients were randomly selected and retested one week later to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the scale.The Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Short Form of Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire(Q-LES Q SF),Sheehan Disability Scale(SDS),and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale(DAS)provided major standards to check the criterion validity of this questionnaire.Correlation analysis,confirmatory factor analysis,and internal consistency reliability testing were used to examine other psychometric characteristics of the finalized questionnaire.Results The Psychosocial Functioning Questionnaire(PFQ)for patients with MDD included three dimensions:psychological cognitive functioning,subjective well-being,and social functioning,with a total of 18 items.The overall internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire was 0.957,and the test-retest reliability was 0.840.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well:Goodness of Fit Index(GFI)=0.888;Root Mean SquareError of Approximation(RMSEA)=0.085.The total score of PFQ was significantly correlated with the total score of PHQ-9,DAS,SDS and Q-LES Q SF(|r|=0.599-0.870,p<0.001).Conclusions The Psychosocial Functioning Questionnaire has good reliability and validity.It can be used to measure the psychosocial functioning of patients with MDD.展开更多
Objective:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Shenshuaining granule combined with Western medicine treatment for Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)by meta-analysis.Methods:Databases including CNKI,WanFang Da...Objective:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Shenshuaining granule combined with Western medicine treatment for Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)by meta-analysis.Methods:Databases including CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,TheCochrane,Embase and PubMed were electronically searched from inception to May 2020 to collect randomized controlled trials of Shenshuaining granule with western medicine treatment for Diabetic nephropathy.The trial was screenedbased on inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the methodological quality of the included relevant trial was assessed by Cochrane Handboo-k.Meta-analysis was then performed by Revman 5.3 software.Results:A total of 9 studies involving 892 patients were included.Both groupinclude 446 patients.The result of meta-analysis showed that Shenshuaining granule combined with Western medicine treatment significantly improved the total effective rate of diabetic nephropathy[RR=1.26,95%CI(1.17,1.37),P<0.00001],further reduced ser umurea nitrogen[MD=-1.65,95%CI(-2.53,-0.77),P=0.0002],24h urine albumin excretion rat[SMD=-4.21,95%CI(-6.23,-2.19),P<0.0001],serum creatinine[MD=-21.50,95%CI(-28.48,-14.50),P<0.00001].However,the difference of fasting blood glucose[MD=-0.46,95%CI(-1.18,0.27),P=0.22]was not statistically significant.Conclusions:Shenshuaining granule can improve the rate o-f renal pellet filtration in patients with diabetic nephropathy,reduce kidney injury and protect kidney function.Although there are sideeffects,it is relatively safe.展开更多
氢能作为一种潜在的能源载体,有望取代化石燃料,解决当今社会的能源需求和环境问题.质子交换膜电解水(PEMWE)技术因其工作电流密度大、氢气纯度高和系统响应迅速等优点,能够有效地弥补可再生能源波动性等缺点,被认为是一种利用可再生能...氢能作为一种潜在的能源载体,有望取代化石燃料,解决当今社会的能源需求和环境问题.质子交换膜电解水(PEMWE)技术因其工作电流密度大、氢气纯度高和系统响应迅速等优点,能够有效地弥补可再生能源波动性等缺点,被认为是一种利用可再生能源制氢的可持续手段.但其阳极氧析出反应(OER)为四电子/质子转移过程,反应动力学缓慢,同时强氧化性和强酸性环境会对阳极催化剂的产生腐蚀,导致稳定性差,因此亟需开发高效且稳定的催化剂.研究发现,无定型氧化铱材料中的特殊缺陷结构可显著提升其催化酸性OER的活性,但该结构也会加速反应过程中铱的溶解,导致催化剂稳定性降低,严重限制了其实际应用.本文采用高价金属掺杂的策略,利用高价金属元素与氧的强成键作用,对无定型氧化铱的整体结构及活性位点起到优化且稳定的作用.首先,采用改性的亚当斯熔融法制备了金属钽掺杂的无定型氧化铱:350-Ta@IrO_(x),400-Ta@IrO_(x),450-Ta@IrO_(x)(350,400和450代表样品分别在350,400和450℃烧结),并用于催化酸性OER;作为对比,制备了无掺杂的无定型氧化铱:350-IrO_(x),400-IrO_(x)和450-IrO_(x).然后,通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射等表征技术考察了材料的宏观形貌及微观结构.结果表明,掺杂后的350-Ta@IrO_(x)材料表面具有丰富的氧空位贡献的活性位点,且表现出多晶的超小纳米颗粒形貌.电化学测试结果表明,350-Ta@IrO_(x)具有较好的酸性OER活性,在10 mA cm-2的电流密度下,过电势仅为223 mV,在1.55 V vs.RHE的电位下质量活性为1207.4 A gIr-1,是商业二氧化铱的147.7倍.且该催化剂的稳定性比未掺杂Ta样品及商业二氧化铱有明显提升,在0.5 mol L^(-1)硫酸溶液中反应500 h后电位未发生明显变化.密度泛函理论计算结果表明,Ta掺杂与构建缺陷有利于OER决速步中水分子的亲核进攻,从而提升催化活性并降低反应过电势.为进一步研究材料在酸性OER工作状态下具有较好稳定性的原因,采用TEM和X射线光电子能谱等对反应前后的材料进行表征.结果表明,350-Ta@IrO_(x)在反应前后结构保持稳定,Ir溶解速率较未掺杂样品明显降低,证明了Ta掺杂大大提升了无定型氧化铱材料的稳定性.综上,本文发展了制备高价金属掺杂氧化铱的改性亚当斯熔融法,利用高价金属元素与氧的强成键作用,调控了铱活性位点的电子结构,同时提升了氧化铱类材料在酸性氧析出反应中的活性与稳定性,简化了此类材料的合成方式,为进一步降低质子交换膜电解水器件阳极催化剂的成本和提高其催化活性提供了新思路.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage,but their implementation is plagued by poor Zn reversibility and unsatisfactory low-temperature performance.Herein,we design a ...Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage,but their implementation is plagued by poor Zn reversibility and unsatisfactory low-temperature performance.Herein,we design a cell-nucleus structured electrolyte by introducing low-polarity 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME) into dilute 1 M zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate(Zn(OTf)_(2)) aqueous solution,which features an OTf--rich Zn2^(+)-primary solvation sheath(PSS,inner nucleus) and the DMEmodulated Zn^(2+)-outer solvation sheath(outer layer).We find that DME additives with a low dosage do not participate in the Zn2+-PSS but reinforce the Zn-OTf-coordination,which guarantees good reaction kinetics under ultralow temperatures.Moreover,DME breaks the original H-bonding network of H2O,depressing the freezing point of electrolyte to-52.4℃.Such a cell-nucleus-solvation structure suppresses the H_(2)O-induced side reactions and forms an anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase on Zn and can be readily extended to 1,2-diethoxyethane.The as-designed electrolyte enables the Zn electrode deep cycling stability over 3500 h with a high depth-of-discharge of 51.3% and endows the Zn‖V_(2)O_(5)full battery with stable cycling over 1000 cycles at 40℃.This work would inspire the solvation structure design for low-temperature aqueous batteries.展开更多
基金Capital health development scientific research project(No.First Issue 2020-2-4162)Capital building project for sustainable utilization of valuable Chinese medicine resources(No.2060302)
文摘In recent years,due to the increasingly accelerated pace of life,the incidence of hyperthyroidism is increasing year by year,which has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients.Traditional Chinese Medicine has a unique effect on hyperthyroidism,Professor Zhang Ning,my tutor,who has been devoting to the clinical study of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases for a long time,has rich theoretical knowledge as well as clinical practice experience.She's also good at using classical prescriptions for syndrome differentiation treatment,and has achieved excellent clinical efficacy.Professor Zhang Ning summarized the diagnosis and treatment idea of"treating from the liver"and ran it throughout the whole treatment process.For the patients prone to abnormal liver function,it is advocated to focus on protecting the liver in terms of medication,increase the effect of anti-hyperthyroidism,and also obtain satisfactory efficacy.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.21JR7RA376)Lanzhou University First Hospital Youth Foundation(No.ldyyyn2021-86)Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province(20231003).
文摘Background:Oxidative stress is one of the key contributors to cellular senescence and ovarian aging.Quercetin has a variety of physiological activities such as antioxidant.Given that hydrogen peroxide can cause oxidative damage to cells,the present study is designed to verify the protective effect of quercetin on human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line under oxidative stress.Methods:Cell counting kit-8 and lactate dehydrogenase assays examined cell viability and toxicity.Flow cytometry detected reactive oxygen species accumulation.Glutathione level was measured to analyze the oxidation resistance.Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining,acridine orange/Ethidium Bromide staining and western blot.The mitochondrial structure was observed under a transmission electron microscope.Mitochondrial membrane integrity was detected by JC-1 staining and western blot.Results:Hydrogen peroxide could induce cell injury,promote reactive oxygen species accumulation,and lead to glutathione depletion.hydrogen peroxide also resulted in mitochondrial morphological damage and depolarization,which activate caspase3/9 subsequently.However,quercetin could mitigate these damages.Conclusions:Present study found that hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis of human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line cells,which could be attenuated by quercetin.
基金funded by“The Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program”in 2019(Grant No.2019CX01G338),。
文摘This paper introduces an intelligent framework for predicting the advancing speed during earth pressure balance(EPB)shield tunnelling.Five artificial intelligence(AI)models based on machine and deep learning techniques-back-propagation neural network(BPNN),extreme learning machine(ELM),support vector machine(SVM),long-short term memory(LSTM),and gated recurrent unit(GRU)-are used.Five geological and nine operational parameters that influence the advancing speed are considered.A field case of shield tunnelling in Shenzhen City,China is analyzed using the developed models.A total of 1000 field datasets are adopted to establish intelligent models.The prediction performance of the five models is ranked as GRU>LSTM>SVM>ELM>BPNN.Moreover,the Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC)is adopted for sensitivity analysis.The results reveal that the main thrust(MT),penetration(P),foam volume(FV),and grouting volume(GV)have strong correlations with advancing speed(AS).An empirical formula is constructed based on the high-correlation influential factors and their corresponding field datasets.Finally,the prediction performances of the intelligent models and the empirical method are compared.The results reveal that all the intelligent models perform better than the empirical method.
基金supported by the School of Stomatology at the Capital Medical University in China(Ning Zhang)NIHR01 DE 17974(Hockin HK Xu) a Seed Grant(Hockin HK Xu) from the University of Maryland School of Dentistry
文摘Secondary caries due to biofilm acids is a primary cause of dental composite restoration failure.To date,there have been no reports of dental composites that can repel protein adsorption and inhibit bacteria attachment.The objectives of this study were to develop a protein-repellent dental composite by incorporating 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine(MPC) and to investigate for the first time the effects of MPC mass fraction on protein adsorption,bacteria attachment,biofilm growth,and mechanical properties.Composites were synthesized with 0(control),0.75%,1.5%,2.25%,3%,4.5%and 6%of MPC by mass.A commercial composite was also tested as a control.Mechanical properties were measured in three-point flexure.Protein adsorption onto the composite was determined by the microbicinchoninic acid method.A human saliva microcosm biofilm model was used.Early attachment at 4 h,biofilm at 2 days,live/dead staining and colony-forming units(CFUs) of biofilms grown on the composites were investigated.Composites with MPC of up to 3%had mechanical properties similar to those without MPC and those of the commercial control,whereas 4.5%and 6%MPC decreased the mechanical properties(P<0.05).Increasing MPC from 0 to 3%reduced the protein adsorption on composites(P<0.05).The composite with 3%MPC had protein adsorption that was 1/12 that of the control(P<0.05).Oral bacteria early attachment and biofilm growth were also greatly reduced on the composite with 3%MPC,compared to the control(P<0.05).In conclusion,incorporation of MPC into composites at 3%greatly reduced protein adsorption,bacteria attachment and biofilm CFUs,without compromising mechanical properties.Protein-repellent composites could help to repel bacteria attachment and plaque build-up to reduce secondary caries.The protein-repellent method might be applicable to other dental materials.
基金supported by grants from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2014M562551)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2012BAI06B01)the National S&T Major Project for Infectious Diseases of China(2012ZX10002-017)
文摘BACKGROUND: Decision making and surgical planning are to achieve the precise balance of maximal removal of target lesion, maximal sparing of functional liver remnant volume, and minimal surgical invasiveness and therefore, crucial in liver surgery. The aim of this prospective study was to validate the accuracy and predictability of 3D interactive quantitative surgical planning approach(IQSP), and to evaluate the impact of IQSP on traditional surgical plans based on 2D images.METHODS: A total of 305 consecutive patients undergoing hepatectomy were included in this study. Surgical plans were created by traditional 2D approach using picture archiving and communication system(PACS) and 3D approach using IQSP respectively by two groups of physicians who did not know the surgical plans of the other group. The two surgical plans were submitted to the chief surgeon for selection before operation. The specimens were weighed. The two surgical plans were compared and analyzed retrospectively based on the operation results.RESULTS: The two surgical plans were successfully developed in all 305 patients and all the 3D IQSP surgical plans were selected as the final decision. Total 278 patients successfully underwent surgery, including 147 uncomplex hepatectomy and 131 complex hepatectomy. Twenty-seven patients were withdrawn from hepatectomy. In the uncomplex group, the two surgical plans were the same in all 147 patients and no statistically significant difference was found among 2D calculated resection volume(2D-RV), 3D IQSP calculated resection volume(IQSP-RV) and the specimen volume. In the complex group, the two surgical plans were different in 49 patients(49/131, 37.4%). According to the significance of differences, the 49 different patients were classified into three grades. No statistically significant difference was found between IQSP-RV and specimen volume. The coincidence rate of territory analysis of IQSP with operation was 92.1%(93/101) for 101 patients of anatomic hepatectomy.CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy and predictability of 3D IQSP were validated. Compared with traditional surgical planning, 3D IQSP can provide more quantitative information of anatomic structure. With the assistance of 3D IQSP, traditional surgical plans were modified to be more radical and safe.
基金financially supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0207301)NSFC (21725102, 21471141, U1532135, 21703220)+2 种基金CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (QYZDB-SSW-SLH018)CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team, Innovative Program of Development Foundation of Hefei Center for Physical Science and Technology (2016FXCX003)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (1708085QB26)
文摘Many photocatalytic reactions such as CO2 reduction and N2 fixation are often limited by the activation of some key molecules. Defects in solid materials can robustly introduce coordinately unsaturated sites to serve as highly active sites for molecular chemisorption and activation. As a result, rational defect engineering has endowed a versatile approach to further develop photocatalytic applications beyond water splitting. The subtly designed defects in photocatalysts can play critical and decisive roles in molecular activation as proven in recent years. The defects cannot only serve as active sites for molecular chemisorption, but also spatially supply channels for energy and electron transfer. In this review, we aim to summarize the diversiform photocatalytic applications using defects as active sites, including but not limited to CO2 reduction, O2 activation,H2O dissociation, N2 fixation as well as activation of other molecules. In particular, we emphatically outline how the parameters of defects (e.g.,concentration,location,geometric and electronic structures) can serve as the knobs for maneuvering molecular adsorption and activation as well as altering subsequent reaction pathway. Moreover, we underline the remaining challenges at the current stage and the potential development in the future.It is anticipated that this review consolidates the in-depth understanding towards the structure-activity relationship between defects and related reactions.
基金supported by national science and technology support projects (No.2009BA177B07)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China (No.PBBS1-102350)
文摘The aim of this present study is to examine the efficacy of attribution retraining group therapy (ARGT) and to compare the responses of outpatients with major depression disorder (MDD),generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).We carried out a prospective uncontrolled intervention study with a 8-weeks of ARGT on sixty three outpatients with MDD,GAD or OCD.Hamilton rating scale for depression,Hamilton rating scale for anxiety,Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale,attribution style questionnaire,self-esteem scale,index of well-being,and social disability screening schedule were administered before and after treatment.Significant improvement in symptoms and psychological and social functions from pre-to posttreatment occurred for all participants.The changes favored MDD patients.Our study suggested that ARGT may improve the symptoms and psychological-social functions of MDD,GAD,and OCD patients.MDD patients showed the best response.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21205088)973 Project(Grant No.2011CB933100)+2 种基金National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.81125019)Doctoral Research Fund from the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.20121202120001)sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry
文摘Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Novel serum biomarkers are required to increase the sensitivity and specificity of serum screening for early HCC diagnosis. This study employed a quantitative proteomic strategy to analyze the differential expression of serum glycoproteins between HCC and normal control serum samples.Methods: Lectin affinity chromatography(LAC) was used to enrich glycoproteins from the serum samples. Quantitative mass spectrometric analysis combined with stable isotope dimethyl labeling and 2D liquid chromatography(LC) separations were performed to examine the differential levels of the detected proteins between HCC and control serum samples. Western blot was used to analyze the differential expression levels of the three serum proteins.Results: A total of 2,280 protein groups were identified in the serum samples from HCC patients by using the 2D LC-MS/MS method. Up to 36 proteins were up-regulated in the HCC serum, whereas 19 proteins were down-regulated. Three differential glycoproteins, namely, fibrinogen gamma chain(FGG), FOS-like antigen 2(FOSL2), and α-1, 6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-β-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase B(MGAT5B) were validated by Western blot. All these three proteins were up-regulated in the HCC serum samples.Conclusion: A quantitative glycoproteomic method was established and proven useful to determine potential novel biomarkers for HCC.
基金jointly supported by Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51907100)Technical Program of Global Energy Interconnection Group Co.,Ltd(No.1100/2020-75001B)
文摘Electric system planning with high variable renewable energy(VRE)penetration levels has attracted great attention world-wide.Electricity production of VRE highly depends on the weather conditions and thus involves large variability,uncertainty,and low-capacity credit.This gives rise to significant challenges for power system planning.Currently,many solutions are proposed to address the issue of operational flexibility inadequacy,including flexibility retrofit of thermal units,inter-regional transmission,electricity energy storage,and demand response(DR).Evidently,the performance and the cost of various solutions are different.It is relevant to explore the optimal portfolio to satisfy the flexibility requirement for a renewable dominated system and the role of each flexibility source.In this study,the value of diverse DR flexibilities was examined and a stochastic investment planning model considering DR is proposed.Two types of DRs,namely interrupted DR and transferred DR,were modeled.Chronological load and renewable generation curves with 8760 hours within a whole year were reduced to 4 weekly scenarios to accelerate the optimization.Clustered unit commitment constraints for accommodating variability of renewables were incorporated.Case studies based on IEEE RTS-96 system are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and the DR potential to avoid energy storage investment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61901099, 61972076, 61973069 and 62061006the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province under Grant No.F2020501037the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi under Grant No.2018JJA170167
文摘Data sharing in Internet of Vehicles(IoV)makes it possible to provide personalized services for users by service providers in Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS).As IoV is a multi-user mobile scenario,the reliability and efficiency of data sharing need to be further enhanced.Federated learning allows the server to exchange parameters without obtaining private data from clients so that the privacy is protected.Broad learning system is a novel artificial intelligence technology that can improve training efficiency of data set.Thus,we propose a federated bidirectional connection broad learning scheme(FeBBLS)to solve the data sharing issues.Firstly,we adopt the bidirectional connection broad learning system(BiBLS)model to train data set in vehicular nodes.The server aggregates the collected parameters of BiBLS from vehicular nodes through the federated broad learning system(FedBLS)algorithm.Moreover,we propose a clustering FedBLS algorithm to offload the data sharing into clusters for improving the aggregation capability of the model.Some simulation results show our scheme can improve the efficiency and prediction accuracy of data sharing and protect the privacy of data sharing.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81273159)Capital Medical Development Research Fund(No.2009-2034)
文摘AIM: To gain a better understanding of possible factors that may influence the decision of diabetes persons to participate in annual eye screening in an urban community setting of China.METHODS: A structured interview including questions on attendance of eye screening, knowledge and awareness of diabetic retinopathy was conducted. The presence and degree of retinopathy were assessed using two field nonmydriatic retinal photography. RESULTS: Totally 720 diabetes persons were recruited and 519 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. In this urban setting of Beijing, among diabetes patients of average of 10 y duration, 77% confirmed having undergone at least one eye examination and 61% reported having at least one eye examination with dilated pupil. As for the last 12 mo, the number decreased to 210(47%) and 131(30%) separately. Most of the participants(95%) were aware that diabetes could affect their vision and that regular eye examination was necessary. Very few of them(12%) however were aware that the early stages of diabetic retinopathy presented without symptoms of vision loss. Having attended patient education on diabetes was effective in building awareness about diabetic eye disease and was a significant positive predictor for attending eye screening [education in a year, Adj. OR=0.47(0.29-0.74), P<0.001, education years ago, Adj. OR=0.56(0.33-0.96), P=0.036]. The duration of disease also increasedthe likelihood of having undergone eye screening(Adj. OR=0.96, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Being exposed to education about the complications of diabetes increases the probability of attending diabetic eye screening. An appropriate patient knowledge building strategy should be made available to patients from the time of diagnosis.
基金This work was supported by the research project fund of the Health Care for Cadres in Jiangsu Province(BJ19005)Key R&D Plan of Jiangsu Province(Social Development,BE2015609).
文摘Background The importance of psychosocial functioning in the assessment,diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD)is widely recognised.However,there is a lack of effective scales to assess psychosocial functioning in patients with MDD.Aims To develop a professional questionnaire to evaluate the psychosocial functioning of patients with MDD.Methods Using a literature review,an open-ended questionnaire survey,and patient interviews,a theoretical model of psychosocial functioning was constructed,and an initial questionnaire was formed which included four dimensions.After two rounds of testing,using items analysis and exploratory factor analysis,a finalized questionnaire was created.There were 460 patients with MDD selected from six psychiatric hospitals for formal testing using a convenience sampling method.Forty patients were randomly selected and retested one week later to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the scale.The Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Short Form of Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire(Q-LES Q SF),Sheehan Disability Scale(SDS),and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale(DAS)provided major standards to check the criterion validity of this questionnaire.Correlation analysis,confirmatory factor analysis,and internal consistency reliability testing were used to examine other psychometric characteristics of the finalized questionnaire.Results The Psychosocial Functioning Questionnaire(PFQ)for patients with MDD included three dimensions:psychological cognitive functioning,subjective well-being,and social functioning,with a total of 18 items.The overall internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire was 0.957,and the test-retest reliability was 0.840.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well:Goodness of Fit Index(GFI)=0.888;Root Mean SquareError of Approximation(RMSEA)=0.085.The total score of PFQ was significantly correlated with the total score of PHQ-9,DAS,SDS and Q-LES Q SF(|r|=0.599-0.870,p<0.001).Conclusions The Psychosocial Functioning Questionnaire has good reliability and validity.It can be used to measure the psychosocial functioning of patients with MDD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71771072, 72271225, 71991464/71991460,72091215/72091210)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2208085J06)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative (YD2040002017)。
基金Key Projects of the Capital's Health Development Scientific Research(No.2018-1-4161)。
文摘Objective:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Shenshuaining granule combined with Western medicine treatment for Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)by meta-analysis.Methods:Databases including CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,TheCochrane,Embase and PubMed were electronically searched from inception to May 2020 to collect randomized controlled trials of Shenshuaining granule with western medicine treatment for Diabetic nephropathy.The trial was screenedbased on inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the methodological quality of the included relevant trial was assessed by Cochrane Handboo-k.Meta-analysis was then performed by Revman 5.3 software.Results:A total of 9 studies involving 892 patients were included.Both groupinclude 446 patients.The result of meta-analysis showed that Shenshuaining granule combined with Western medicine treatment significantly improved the total effective rate of diabetic nephropathy[RR=1.26,95%CI(1.17,1.37),P<0.00001],further reduced ser umurea nitrogen[MD=-1.65,95%CI(-2.53,-0.77),P=0.0002],24h urine albumin excretion rat[SMD=-4.21,95%CI(-6.23,-2.19),P<0.0001],serum creatinine[MD=-21.50,95%CI(-28.48,-14.50),P<0.00001].However,the difference of fasting blood glucose[MD=-0.46,95%CI(-1.18,0.27),P=0.22]was not statistically significant.Conclusions:Shenshuaining granule can improve the rate o-f renal pellet filtration in patients with diabetic nephropathy,reduce kidney injury and protect kidney function.Although there are sideeffects,it is relatively safe.
文摘氢能作为一种潜在的能源载体,有望取代化石燃料,解决当今社会的能源需求和环境问题.质子交换膜电解水(PEMWE)技术因其工作电流密度大、氢气纯度高和系统响应迅速等优点,能够有效地弥补可再生能源波动性等缺点,被认为是一种利用可再生能源制氢的可持续手段.但其阳极氧析出反应(OER)为四电子/质子转移过程,反应动力学缓慢,同时强氧化性和强酸性环境会对阳极催化剂的产生腐蚀,导致稳定性差,因此亟需开发高效且稳定的催化剂.研究发现,无定型氧化铱材料中的特殊缺陷结构可显著提升其催化酸性OER的活性,但该结构也会加速反应过程中铱的溶解,导致催化剂稳定性降低,严重限制了其实际应用.本文采用高价金属掺杂的策略,利用高价金属元素与氧的强成键作用,对无定型氧化铱的整体结构及活性位点起到优化且稳定的作用.首先,采用改性的亚当斯熔融法制备了金属钽掺杂的无定型氧化铱:350-Ta@IrO_(x),400-Ta@IrO_(x),450-Ta@IrO_(x)(350,400和450代表样品分别在350,400和450℃烧结),并用于催化酸性OER;作为对比,制备了无掺杂的无定型氧化铱:350-IrO_(x),400-IrO_(x)和450-IrO_(x).然后,通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射等表征技术考察了材料的宏观形貌及微观结构.结果表明,掺杂后的350-Ta@IrO_(x)材料表面具有丰富的氧空位贡献的活性位点,且表现出多晶的超小纳米颗粒形貌.电化学测试结果表明,350-Ta@IrO_(x)具有较好的酸性OER活性,在10 mA cm-2的电流密度下,过电势仅为223 mV,在1.55 V vs.RHE的电位下质量活性为1207.4 A gIr-1,是商业二氧化铱的147.7倍.且该催化剂的稳定性比未掺杂Ta样品及商业二氧化铱有明显提升,在0.5 mol L^(-1)硫酸溶液中反应500 h后电位未发生明显变化.密度泛函理论计算结果表明,Ta掺杂与构建缺陷有利于OER决速步中水分子的亲核进攻,从而提升催化活性并降低反应过电势.为进一步研究材料在酸性OER工作状态下具有较好稳定性的原因,采用TEM和X射线光电子能谱等对反应前后的材料进行表征.结果表明,350-Ta@IrO_(x)在反应前后结构保持稳定,Ir溶解速率较未掺杂样品明显降低,证明了Ta掺杂大大提升了无定型氧化铱材料的稳定性.综上,本文发展了制备高价金属掺杂氧化铱的改性亚当斯熔融法,利用高价金属元素与氧的强成键作用,调控了铱活性位点的电子结构,同时提升了氧化铱类材料在酸性氧析出反应中的活性与稳定性,简化了此类材料的合成方式,为进一步降低质子交换膜电解水器件阳极催化剂的成本和提高其催化活性提供了新思路.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21925503, 21871149, 21835004, and 22075067)the Ministry of Education of China (B12015)+2 种基金Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations (CYZC202110)Hebei Natural Science Foundation (B2020201001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nankai University(020-63201046)。
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage,but their implementation is plagued by poor Zn reversibility and unsatisfactory low-temperature performance.Herein,we design a cell-nucleus structured electrolyte by introducing low-polarity 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME) into dilute 1 M zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate(Zn(OTf)_(2)) aqueous solution,which features an OTf--rich Zn2^(+)-primary solvation sheath(PSS,inner nucleus) and the DMEmodulated Zn^(2+)-outer solvation sheath(outer layer).We find that DME additives with a low dosage do not participate in the Zn2+-PSS but reinforce the Zn-OTf-coordination,which guarantees good reaction kinetics under ultralow temperatures.Moreover,DME breaks the original H-bonding network of H2O,depressing the freezing point of electrolyte to-52.4℃.Such a cell-nucleus-solvation structure suppresses the H_(2)O-induced side reactions and forms an anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase on Zn and can be readily extended to 1,2-diethoxyethane.The as-designed electrolyte enables the Zn electrode deep cycling stability over 3500 h with a high depth-of-discharge of 51.3% and endows the Zn‖V_(2)O_(5)full battery with stable cycling over 1000 cycles at 40℃.This work would inspire the solvation structure design for low-temperature aqueous batteries.
