Peritoneal adhesions represent an important clinical challenge in gastrointestinal surgery. Peritoneal adhesions are a consequence of peritoneal irritation by infection or surgical trauma, and may be considered as the...Peritoneal adhesions represent an important clinical challenge in gastrointestinal surgery. Peritoneal adhesions are a consequence of peritoneal irritation by infection or surgical trauma, and may be considered as the pathological part of healing following any peritoneal injury, particularly due to abdominal surgery. The balance between fi brin deposition and degradation is critical in determining normal peritoneal healing or adhesion formation. Postoperative peritoneal adhesions are a major cause of morbidity resulting in multiple complications, many of which may manifest several years after the initial surgical procedure. In addition to acute small bowel obstruction, peritoneal adhesions may cause pelvic or abdominal pain, and infertility. In this paper, the authors reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis and various prevention strategies of adhesion formation, using Medline and PubMed search. Several preventive agents against postoperative peri-toneal adhesions have been investigated. Their role aims in activating fi brinolysis, hampering coagulation, diminishing the inflammatory response, inhibiting col-lagen synthesis or creating a barrier between adjacentwound surfaces. Their results are encouraging but most of them are contradictory and achieved mostly in animal model. Until additional fi ndings from future clinical researches, only a meticulous surgery can be recommended to reduce unnecessary morbidity and mortality rates from these untoward effects of surgery. In the current state of knowledge, pre-clinical or clini-cal studies are still necessary to evaluate the effective-ness of the several proposed prevention strategies of postoperative peritoneal adhesions.展开更多
Intracranial hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from fulminant hepatic failure. The etiology of this intracranial hypertension is not fully determined, and is probably multi...Intracranial hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from fulminant hepatic failure. The etiology of this intracranial hypertension is not fully determined, and is probably multifactorial, combining a cytotoxic brain edema due to the astrocytic accumulation of glutamine, and an increase in cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow, in part due to inflammation, to glutamine and to toxic products of the diseased liver. Validated methods to control intracranial hypertension in fulminant hepatic failure patients mainly include mannitol, hypertonic saline, indomethacin, thiopental, and hyperventilation. However all these measures are often not sufficient in absence of liver transplantation, the only curative treatment of intracranial hypertension in fulminant hepatic failure to date. Induced moderate hypothermia seems very promising in this setting, but has to be validated by a controlled, randomized study. Artificial liver support systems have been under investigation for many decades. The bioartificial liver, based on both detoxification and swine liver cells, has shown some efficacy on reduction of intracranial pressure but did not show survival benefit in a controlled, randomized study. The Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System has shown some efficacy in decreasing intracranial pressure in an animal model of liver failure, but has still to be evaluated in a phase Ⅲ trial.展开更多
AIM: To report the experience of the CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Belgium, in the management of appendiceal carinoid tumor. METHODS: A retrospective review of 1237 appendecto- mies performed in one singl...AIM: To report the experience of the CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Belgium, in the management of appendiceal carinoid tumor. METHODS: A retrospective review of 1237 appendecto- mies performed in one single centre from January 2000 to May 2004, was undertaken. Analysis of demographic data, clinical presentation, histopathology, operative re- ports and outcome was presented. RESULTS: Among the 1237 appendectomies, 5 appen- diceal carcinoid tumors were identified (0.4%) in 4 male and 1 female patients, with a mean age of 29.2 years (range: 6-82 years). Acute appendicitis was the clinical presentation for all patients. Four patients underwent open appendectomy and one a laparoscopic procedure. One patient was reoperated to complete the excision of mesoappendix. All tumors were located at the tip of the appendix with a mean diameter of 0.6 cm (range: 0.3-1.0 cm). No adjuvant therapy was performed. All patients were alive and disease-free during a mean follow-up of 33 mo. CONCLUSION: Appendiceal carcinoid tumor most of- ten presents as appendicitis. In most cases, it is found incidentally during appendectomies and its diagnosis is rarely suspected before histological examination. Appen- diceal carcinoid tumor can be managed by simple appen- dectomy and resection of the mesoappendix, if its size is ≤ 1 cm.展开更多
The renewed interest in donation after cardio-circulatory death (DCD) started in the 1990s following the limited success of the transplant community to expand the donation after brain-death (DBD) organ supply and foll...The renewed interest in donation after cardio-circulatory death (DCD) started in the 1990s following the limited success of the transplant community to expand the donation after brain-death (DBD) organ supply and following the request of potential DCD families. Since then, DCD organ procurement and transplantation activities have rapidly expanded, particularly for nonvital organs, like kidneys. In liver transplantation (LT), DCD donors are a valuable organ source that helps to decrease the mortality rate on the waiting lists and to increase the availability of organs for transplantation despite a higher risk of early graft dysfunction, more frequent vascular and ischemia-type biliary lesions, higher rates of re-listing and re-transplantation and lower graft survival, which are obviously due to theinevitable warm ischemia occurring during the declaration of death and organ retrieval process. Experimental strategies intervening in both donors and recipients at different phases of the transplantation process have focused on the attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion injury and already gained encouraging results, and some of them have found their way from pre-clinical success into clinical reality. The future of DCD-LT is promising. Concerted efforts should concentrate on the identification of suitable donors (probably Maastricht category Ⅲ DCD donors), better donor and recipient matching (high risk donors to low risk recipients), use of advanced organ preservation techniques (oxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion, normothermic machine perfusion, venous systemic oxygen persufflation), and pharmacological modulation (probably a multi-factorial biologic modulation strategy) so that DCD liver allografts could be safely utilized and attain equivalent results as DBD-LT.展开更多
Hepatitis B (HBV) reactivation induced by chemotherapy is problem encountered recently in the management of malignant diseases.Chemotherapy-induced HBV reactivation may ultimately lead to terminal acute liver failure....Hepatitis B (HBV) reactivation induced by chemotherapy is problem encountered recently in the management of malignant diseases.Chemotherapy-induced HBV reactivation may ultimately lead to terminal acute liver failure.Liver transplantation (LT) currently remains the only definitive treatment option for such cases,but is generally denied to patients suffering from malignancy.Here,the authors describe 2 cases of cancer-free and HBV graft re-infection-free survival after LT performed for terminal liver failure arising from HBV reactivation induced by chemotherapy for advanced stage lymphoma.These 2 cases,and some other reports in the literature,may suggest that patients suffering from hematologic malignancies and terminal liver disease can be considered for LT if the prognosis of their hematologic malignancy is good.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment F D G p o s i t r o n e m i s s i o n t o m o g ra p h y c o m p u t e d tomography(PET-CT) in patients with hepatocarcinoma treated by liver transplantation(LT).ME...AIM:To evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment F D G p o s i t r o n e m i s s i o n t o m o g ra p h y c o m p u t e d tomography(PET-CT) in patients with hepatocarcinoma treated by liver transplantation(LT).METHODS:The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of 27 patients(mean age 58 ± 9 years) who underwent FDG PET-CT before LT for hepatocarcinoma.Mean follow-up was 26 ± 18 mo.The FDG PET/CT was performed according to a standard clinical protocol:4 MBq FDG/kg body weight,uptake 60 min,low-dose non-enhanced CT.The authors measured the SUVmax and SUVmean of the tumor and the normal liver.The tumor/liver activity ratios(RSUVmax and RSUVmean) were tested as prognostic factors and compared to the following conventional prognostic factors:MILAN,CLIP,OKUDA,TNM stage,alphafoetoprotein level,portal thrombosis,size of the largest nodule,tumor differentiation,microvascular invasion,underlying cirrhosis and liver function.RESULTS:Overall and recurrence free survivals were80.7%and 67.4%at 3 years,and 70.6%and 67.4%at 5 years,respectively.According to a multivariate Cox model,only FDG PET/CT RSUVmax predicted recurrence free survival.Even though the MILAN criteria alone were not predictive,it is worth noting that none of the patients outside the MILAN criteria and with RSUVmax<1.15 relapsed.CONCLUSION:FDG PET/CT with an RSUVmax cutoff value of 1.15 is a strong prognostic factor for recurrence and death in patients with HCC treated by LT in this retrospective series.Further prospectivestudies should test whether this metabolic index should be systematically included in the preoperative assessment.展开更多
AIM: To determine renal dysfunction post liver transplantation, its incidence and risk factors in patients from a Belgian University Hospital.METHODS: Orthotopic liver transplantations performed from January 2006 unti...AIM: To determine renal dysfunction post liver transplantation, its incidence and risk factors in patients from a Belgian University Hospital.METHODS: Orthotopic liver transplantations performed from January 2006 until September 2012 were retrospectively reviewed(n = 187). Patients with no renal replacement therapy(RRT) before transplantation were classified into four groups according to their highest creatinine plasma level during the first postoperative week. The first group had a peak creatinine level below 12 mg/L, the second group between 12 and 20 mg/L, the third group between 20 and 35 mg/L, and the fourth above 35 mg/L. In addition, patients who needed RRT during the first week after transplantation were also classified into the fourth group. Perioperative parameters were recorded as risk factors, namely age, sex, bodymass index(BMI), length of preoperative hospital stay, prior bacterial infection within one month, preoperative ascites, preoperative treatment with β-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, preoperative creatinine and bilirubin levels, donor status(cardiac death or brain death), postoperative lactate level, need for intraoperative vasopressive drugs, surgical revision, mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h, postoperative bilirubin and transaminase peak levels, postoperative hemoglobin level, amount of perioperative blood transfusions and type of immunosuppression. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using logistic ordinal regression method. Post hoc analysis of the hemostatic agent used was also done.RESULTS: There were 78 patients in group 1(41.7%), 46 in group 2(24.6%), 38 in group 3(20.3%) and 25 in group 4(13.4%). Twenty patients required RRT: 13(7%) during the first week after transplantation. Using univariate analysis, the severity of renal dysfunction was correlated with presence of ascites and prior bacterial infection, preoperative bilirubin, urea and creatinine level, need for surgical revision, use of vasopressor, postoperative mechanical ventilation, postoperative bilirubin and urea, aspartate aminotransferase(ASAT), and hemoglobin levels and the need for transfusion. The multivariate analysis showed that BMI(OR = 1.1, P = 0.004), preoperative creatinine level(OR = 11.1, P < 0.0001), use of vasopressor(OR = 3.31, P = 0.0002), maximal postoperative bilirubin level(OR = 1.44, P = 0.044) and minimal postoperative hemoglobin level(OR = 0.059, P = 0.0005) were independent predictors of early post-liver transplantation renal dysfunction. Neither donor status nor ASAT levels had significant impact on early postoperative renal dysfunction in multivariate analysis. Absence of renal dysfunction(group 1) was also predicted by the intraoperative hemostatic agent used, independently of the extent of bleeding and of the preoperative creatinine level.CONCLUSION: More than half of receivers experienced some degree of early renal dysfunction after liver transplantation. Main predictors were preoperative renal dysfunction, postoperative anemia and vasopressor requirement.展开更多
Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs) are multipotent and self-renewing cells that reside essentially in the bone marrow as a non-hematopoietic cell population, but may also be isolated from the connective tissues of most o...Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs) are multipotent and self-renewing cells that reside essentially in the bone marrow as a non-hematopoietic cell population, but may also be isolated from the connective tissues of most organs. MSCs represent a heterogeneous population of adult, fibroblast-like cells characterized by their ability to differentiate into tissues of mesodermal lineages including adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes. For several years now, MSCs have been evaluated for their in vivo and in vitro immunomodulatory and ‘tissue reconstruction' properties, which could make them interesting in various clinical settings, and particularly in organ transplantation. This paper aims to review current knowledge on the properties of MSCs and their use in pre-clinical and clinical studies in solid organ transplantation, and particularly in the field of liver transplantation. The first available clinical data seem to show that MSCs are safe to use, at least in the medium-term, but more time is needed to evaluate the potential adverse effects of long-term use. Many issues must be resolved on the correct use of MSCs. Intensive in vitro and pre-clinical research are the keys to a better understanding of the way that MSCs act, and to eventually lead to clinical success.展开更多
Positron emission tomography computed tomography(PET-CT) using ^(18)-Fluoro-deoxyglucose(^(18)FDG) is an imaging modality that reflects cellular glucose metabolism. Most cancers show an uptake of ^(18)FDG and benign t...Positron emission tomography computed tomography(PET-CT) using ^(18)-Fluoro-deoxyglucose(^(18)FDG) is an imaging modality that reflects cellular glucose metabolism. Most cancers show an uptake of ^(18)FDG and benign tumors do not usually behave in such a way. The authors report herein the case of a 38-year-old female patient with a past medical history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and pheochromocytoma, in whom a liver lesion had been detected with PET-CT. The tumor was laparoscopically resected and the diagnosis of inflammatory hepatic adenoma was confirmed. This is the first description of an inflammatory hepatic adenoma with an ^(18)FDG up-take.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the long-term results of liver transplantation (LT) for non-acetaminophen fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). METHODS: Over a 20-year period, 29 FHF patients underwent cadaveric whole LT. Most frequen...AIM: To investigate the long-term results of liver transplantation (LT) for non-acetaminophen fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). METHODS: Over a 20-year period, 29 FHF patients underwent cadaveric whole LT. Most frequent causes of FHF were hepatitis B virus and drug-related (not acetaminophen) liver failure. All surviving patients were regularly controlled at the out-patient clinic and none was lost to follow-up. Mean follow-up was 101 mo. RESULTS: One month, one-, five- and ten-year patient survival was 79%, 72%, 68% and 68%, respectively. One month, one-, five- and ten-year graft survival was 69%, 65%, 51% and 38%, respectively. Six patients needed early (< 2 mo) retransplantation, four for primary non-function, one for early acute refractory rejection because of ABO blood group incompatibility, and one for a malignant tumor found in the donor. Two patients with hepatitis B FHF developed cerebral lesions peri-transplantion: One developed irreversible and extensive brain damage leading to death, and one suffered from deep deficits leading to continuous medical care in a specialized institution. CONCLUSION: Long-term outcome of patients transplanted for non-acetaminophen FHF may be excellent. As the quality of life of these patients is also particularly good, LT for FHF is clearly justified, despite lower graft survival compared with LT for other liver diseases.展开更多
文摘Peritoneal adhesions represent an important clinical challenge in gastrointestinal surgery. Peritoneal adhesions are a consequence of peritoneal irritation by infection or surgical trauma, and may be considered as the pathological part of healing following any peritoneal injury, particularly due to abdominal surgery. The balance between fi brin deposition and degradation is critical in determining normal peritoneal healing or adhesion formation. Postoperative peritoneal adhesions are a major cause of morbidity resulting in multiple complications, many of which may manifest several years after the initial surgical procedure. In addition to acute small bowel obstruction, peritoneal adhesions may cause pelvic or abdominal pain, and infertility. In this paper, the authors reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis and various prevention strategies of adhesion formation, using Medline and PubMed search. Several preventive agents against postoperative peri-toneal adhesions have been investigated. Their role aims in activating fi brinolysis, hampering coagulation, diminishing the inflammatory response, inhibiting col-lagen synthesis or creating a barrier between adjacentwound surfaces. Their results are encouraging but most of them are contradictory and achieved mostly in animal model. Until additional fi ndings from future clinical researches, only a meticulous surgery can be recommended to reduce unnecessary morbidity and mortality rates from these untoward effects of surgery. In the current state of knowledge, pre-clinical or clini-cal studies are still necessary to evaluate the effective-ness of the several proposed prevention strategies of postoperative peritoneal adhesions.
文摘Intracranial hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from fulminant hepatic failure. The etiology of this intracranial hypertension is not fully determined, and is probably multifactorial, combining a cytotoxic brain edema due to the astrocytic accumulation of glutamine, and an increase in cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow, in part due to inflammation, to glutamine and to toxic products of the diseased liver. Validated methods to control intracranial hypertension in fulminant hepatic failure patients mainly include mannitol, hypertonic saline, indomethacin, thiopental, and hyperventilation. However all these measures are often not sufficient in absence of liver transplantation, the only curative treatment of intracranial hypertension in fulminant hepatic failure to date. Induced moderate hypothermia seems very promising in this setting, but has to be validated by a controlled, randomized study. Artificial liver support systems have been under investigation for many decades. The bioartificial liver, based on both detoxification and swine liver cells, has shown some efficacy on reduction of intracranial pressure but did not show survival benefit in a controlled, randomized study. The Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System has shown some efficacy in decreasing intracranial pressure in an animal model of liver failure, but has still to be evaluated in a phase Ⅲ trial.
文摘AIM: To report the experience of the CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Belgium, in the management of appendiceal carinoid tumor. METHODS: A retrospective review of 1237 appendecto- mies performed in one single centre from January 2000 to May 2004, was undertaken. Analysis of demographic data, clinical presentation, histopathology, operative re- ports and outcome was presented. RESULTS: Among the 1237 appendectomies, 5 appen- diceal carcinoid tumors were identified (0.4%) in 4 male and 1 female patients, with a mean age of 29.2 years (range: 6-82 years). Acute appendicitis was the clinical presentation for all patients. Four patients underwent open appendectomy and one a laparoscopic procedure. One patient was reoperated to complete the excision of mesoappendix. All tumors were located at the tip of the appendix with a mean diameter of 0.6 cm (range: 0.3-1.0 cm). No adjuvant therapy was performed. All patients were alive and disease-free during a mean follow-up of 33 mo. CONCLUSION: Appendiceal carcinoid tumor most of- ten presents as appendicitis. In most cases, it is found incidentally during appendectomies and its diagnosis is rarely suspected before histological examination. Appen- diceal carcinoid tumor can be managed by simple appen- dectomy and resection of the mesoappendix, if its size is ≤ 1 cm.
文摘The renewed interest in donation after cardio-circulatory death (DCD) started in the 1990s following the limited success of the transplant community to expand the donation after brain-death (DBD) organ supply and following the request of potential DCD families. Since then, DCD organ procurement and transplantation activities have rapidly expanded, particularly for nonvital organs, like kidneys. In liver transplantation (LT), DCD donors are a valuable organ source that helps to decrease the mortality rate on the waiting lists and to increase the availability of organs for transplantation despite a higher risk of early graft dysfunction, more frequent vascular and ischemia-type biliary lesions, higher rates of re-listing and re-transplantation and lower graft survival, which are obviously due to theinevitable warm ischemia occurring during the declaration of death and organ retrieval process. Experimental strategies intervening in both donors and recipients at different phases of the transplantation process have focused on the attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion injury and already gained encouraging results, and some of them have found their way from pre-clinical success into clinical reality. The future of DCD-LT is promising. Concerted efforts should concentrate on the identification of suitable donors (probably Maastricht category Ⅲ DCD donors), better donor and recipient matching (high risk donors to low risk recipients), use of advanced organ preservation techniques (oxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion, normothermic machine perfusion, venous systemic oxygen persufflation), and pharmacological modulation (probably a multi-factorial biologic modulation strategy) so that DCD liver allografts could be safely utilized and attain equivalent results as DBD-LT.
文摘Hepatitis B (HBV) reactivation induced by chemotherapy is problem encountered recently in the management of malignant diseases.Chemotherapy-induced HBV reactivation may ultimately lead to terminal acute liver failure.Liver transplantation (LT) currently remains the only definitive treatment option for such cases,but is generally denied to patients suffering from malignancy.Here,the authors describe 2 cases of cancer-free and HBV graft re-infection-free survival after LT performed for terminal liver failure arising from HBV reactivation induced by chemotherapy for advanced stage lymphoma.These 2 cases,and some other reports in the literature,may suggest that patients suffering from hematologic malignancies and terminal liver disease can be considered for LT if the prognosis of their hematologic malignancy is good.
基金Supported by An unrestricted research grant from Astellas BelgiumSM and CM are Ph D fellows with grants from the Académie de Recherche et d’Enseignement Supérieur(ARES)of the Wallonia-Brussels Federation
文摘AIM:To evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment F D G p o s i t r o n e m i s s i o n t o m o g ra p h y c o m p u t e d tomography(PET-CT) in patients with hepatocarcinoma treated by liver transplantation(LT).METHODS:The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of 27 patients(mean age 58 ± 9 years) who underwent FDG PET-CT before LT for hepatocarcinoma.Mean follow-up was 26 ± 18 mo.The FDG PET/CT was performed according to a standard clinical protocol:4 MBq FDG/kg body weight,uptake 60 min,low-dose non-enhanced CT.The authors measured the SUVmax and SUVmean of the tumor and the normal liver.The tumor/liver activity ratios(RSUVmax and RSUVmean) were tested as prognostic factors and compared to the following conventional prognostic factors:MILAN,CLIP,OKUDA,TNM stage,alphafoetoprotein level,portal thrombosis,size of the largest nodule,tumor differentiation,microvascular invasion,underlying cirrhosis and liver function.RESULTS:Overall and recurrence free survivals were80.7%and 67.4%at 3 years,and 70.6%and 67.4%at 5 years,respectively.According to a multivariate Cox model,only FDG PET/CT RSUVmax predicted recurrence free survival.Even though the MILAN criteria alone were not predictive,it is worth noting that none of the patients outside the MILAN criteria and with RSUVmax<1.15 relapsed.CONCLUSION:FDG PET/CT with an RSUVmax cutoff value of 1.15 is a strong prognostic factor for recurrence and death in patients with HCC treated by LT in this retrospective series.Further prospectivestudies should test whether this metabolic index should be systematically included in the preoperative assessment.
文摘AIM: To determine renal dysfunction post liver transplantation, its incidence and risk factors in patients from a Belgian University Hospital.METHODS: Orthotopic liver transplantations performed from January 2006 until September 2012 were retrospectively reviewed(n = 187). Patients with no renal replacement therapy(RRT) before transplantation were classified into four groups according to their highest creatinine plasma level during the first postoperative week. The first group had a peak creatinine level below 12 mg/L, the second group between 12 and 20 mg/L, the third group between 20 and 35 mg/L, and the fourth above 35 mg/L. In addition, patients who needed RRT during the first week after transplantation were also classified into the fourth group. Perioperative parameters were recorded as risk factors, namely age, sex, bodymass index(BMI), length of preoperative hospital stay, prior bacterial infection within one month, preoperative ascites, preoperative treatment with β-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, preoperative creatinine and bilirubin levels, donor status(cardiac death or brain death), postoperative lactate level, need for intraoperative vasopressive drugs, surgical revision, mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h, postoperative bilirubin and transaminase peak levels, postoperative hemoglobin level, amount of perioperative blood transfusions and type of immunosuppression. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using logistic ordinal regression method. Post hoc analysis of the hemostatic agent used was also done.RESULTS: There were 78 patients in group 1(41.7%), 46 in group 2(24.6%), 38 in group 3(20.3%) and 25 in group 4(13.4%). Twenty patients required RRT: 13(7%) during the first week after transplantation. Using univariate analysis, the severity of renal dysfunction was correlated with presence of ascites and prior bacterial infection, preoperative bilirubin, urea and creatinine level, need for surgical revision, use of vasopressor, postoperative mechanical ventilation, postoperative bilirubin and urea, aspartate aminotransferase(ASAT), and hemoglobin levels and the need for transfusion. The multivariate analysis showed that BMI(OR = 1.1, P = 0.004), preoperative creatinine level(OR = 11.1, P < 0.0001), use of vasopressor(OR = 3.31, P = 0.0002), maximal postoperative bilirubin level(OR = 1.44, P = 0.044) and minimal postoperative hemoglobin level(OR = 0.059, P = 0.0005) were independent predictors of early post-liver transplantation renal dysfunction. Neither donor status nor ASAT levels had significant impact on early postoperative renal dysfunction in multivariate analysis. Absence of renal dysfunction(group 1) was also predicted by the intraoperative hemostatic agent used, independently of the extent of bleeding and of the preoperative creatinine level.CONCLUSION: More than half of receivers experienced some degree of early renal dysfunction after liver transplantation. Main predictors were preoperative renal dysfunction, postoperative anemia and vasopressor requirement.
基金Supported by CHU Liege,the Fonds Léon Frédéricq of the Medical School of the University of Liege,and through a Senior Research Grant from the European Society for Organ Transplan-tation
文摘Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs) are multipotent and self-renewing cells that reside essentially in the bone marrow as a non-hematopoietic cell population, but may also be isolated from the connective tissues of most organs. MSCs represent a heterogeneous population of adult, fibroblast-like cells characterized by their ability to differentiate into tissues of mesodermal lineages including adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes. For several years now, MSCs have been evaluated for their in vivo and in vitro immunomodulatory and ‘tissue reconstruction' properties, which could make them interesting in various clinical settings, and particularly in organ transplantation. This paper aims to review current knowledge on the properties of MSCs and their use in pre-clinical and clinical studies in solid organ transplantation, and particularly in the field of liver transplantation. The first available clinical data seem to show that MSCs are safe to use, at least in the medium-term, but more time is needed to evaluate the potential adverse effects of long-term use. Many issues must be resolved on the correct use of MSCs. Intensive in vitro and pre-clinical research are the keys to a better understanding of the way that MSCs act, and to eventually lead to clinical success.
文摘Positron emission tomography computed tomography(PET-CT) using ^(18)-Fluoro-deoxyglucose(^(18)FDG) is an imaging modality that reflects cellular glucose metabolism. Most cancers show an uptake of ^(18)FDG and benign tumors do not usually behave in such a way. The authors report herein the case of a 38-year-old female patient with a past medical history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and pheochromocytoma, in whom a liver lesion had been detected with PET-CT. The tumor was laparoscopically resected and the diagnosis of inflammatory hepatic adenoma was confirmed. This is the first description of an inflammatory hepatic adenoma with an ^(18)FDG up-take.
文摘AIM: To investigate the long-term results of liver transplantation (LT) for non-acetaminophen fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). METHODS: Over a 20-year period, 29 FHF patients underwent cadaveric whole LT. Most frequent causes of FHF were hepatitis B virus and drug-related (not acetaminophen) liver failure. All surviving patients were regularly controlled at the out-patient clinic and none was lost to follow-up. Mean follow-up was 101 mo. RESULTS: One month, one-, five- and ten-year patient survival was 79%, 72%, 68% and 68%, respectively. One month, one-, five- and ten-year graft survival was 69%, 65%, 51% and 38%, respectively. Six patients needed early (< 2 mo) retransplantation, four for primary non-function, one for early acute refractory rejection because of ABO blood group incompatibility, and one for a malignant tumor found in the donor. Two patients with hepatitis B FHF developed cerebral lesions peri-transplantion: One developed irreversible and extensive brain damage leading to death, and one suffered from deep deficits leading to continuous medical care in a specialized institution. CONCLUSION: Long-term outcome of patients transplanted for non-acetaminophen FHF may be excellent. As the quality of life of these patients is also particularly good, LT for FHF is clearly justified, despite lower graft survival compared with LT for other liver diseases.
