Considering increasing rate of Iran population and consumption of wood panels, the authors investigated the per capita consumption of wood panels during the years from 1997 to 2007.The exponential smoothing method was...Considering increasing rate of Iran population and consumption of wood panels, the authors investigated the per capita consumption of wood panels during the years from 1997 to 2007.The exponential smoothing method was used to obtain a per capita consumption pattern of wood panels in Iran for estimating demand of wood panels by the year of 2012.Results show that the consumption of particleboard, fiberboard, and medium density fiberboard in Iran will increase by 33%, 72% and 107 %, respectively, by the year of 2012;however, the consumption of plywood will increase only by 7% by 2012.The deficient amount of wood panels in Iran is estimated over 1400 000 m3.The results of this study provide the technique reference for planners of wood panel industries in Iran in capital investment decisions.展开更多
The presented study focused on developing an innovative decision-making framework to select the best renewable-power-plant technologies,considering comprehensive techno-economic and environmental variables.Due to the ...The presented study focused on developing an innovative decision-making framework to select the best renewable-power-plant technologies,considering comprehensive techno-economic and environmental variables.Due to the favourable conditions,Australia was selected as the case study.A fuzzy-logic method and analytical hierarchy process were applied to prioritize different renewable-energy power plants.The techno-economic factors included levelized cost of energy,initial cost,simple payback time,and operation and maintenance costs along with environmental factors including carbon payback time,energy payback time and greenhouse-gas emissions were used to rank the power plants.The results showed that the capital cost and simple payback time had the highest priority from an economic point of view.In comparison,greenhouse-gas emissions and carbon payback time were the dominant environmental factors.The analysis results provided economic and environmental priority tables for developing different power plants in the current state and a future scenario by 2030.The fuzzy results and pairwise composite matrix of alternatives indicated that the onshore wind,offshore wind,single-axis tracker polycrystalline photovoltaic,single-axis tracker monocrystalline photovoltaic,fix-tilted polycrystalline photovoltaic and fix-tilted monocrystalline photovoltaic scored the highest in the current state.In contrast,by 2030,the single-axis tracker photovoltaic power plants will be the best choice in the future scenario in Australia.Finally,the results were used and analysed to recommend and suggest several policy implementations and future research studies.展开更多
文摘Considering increasing rate of Iran population and consumption of wood panels, the authors investigated the per capita consumption of wood panels during the years from 1997 to 2007.The exponential smoothing method was used to obtain a per capita consumption pattern of wood panels in Iran for estimating demand of wood panels by the year of 2012.Results show that the consumption of particleboard, fiberboard, and medium density fiberboard in Iran will increase by 33%, 72% and 107 %, respectively, by the year of 2012;however, the consumption of plywood will increase only by 7% by 2012.The deficient amount of wood panels in Iran is estimated over 1400 000 m3.The results of this study provide the technique reference for planners of wood panel industries in Iran in capital investment decisions.
文摘The presented study focused on developing an innovative decision-making framework to select the best renewable-power-plant technologies,considering comprehensive techno-economic and environmental variables.Due to the favourable conditions,Australia was selected as the case study.A fuzzy-logic method and analytical hierarchy process were applied to prioritize different renewable-energy power plants.The techno-economic factors included levelized cost of energy,initial cost,simple payback time,and operation and maintenance costs along with environmental factors including carbon payback time,energy payback time and greenhouse-gas emissions were used to rank the power plants.The results showed that the capital cost and simple payback time had the highest priority from an economic point of view.In comparison,greenhouse-gas emissions and carbon payback time were the dominant environmental factors.The analysis results provided economic and environmental priority tables for developing different power plants in the current state and a future scenario by 2030.The fuzzy results and pairwise composite matrix of alternatives indicated that the onshore wind,offshore wind,single-axis tracker polycrystalline photovoltaic,single-axis tracker monocrystalline photovoltaic,fix-tilted polycrystalline photovoltaic and fix-tilted monocrystalline photovoltaic scored the highest in the current state.In contrast,by 2030,the single-axis tracker photovoltaic power plants will be the best choice in the future scenario in Australia.Finally,the results were used and analysed to recommend and suggest several policy implementations and future research studies.
