Background:Diabetic wounds are one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus,characterized by the dysfunction of wound-healing-related cells in quantity and quality.Our previous studies reveale...Background:Diabetic wounds are one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus,characterized by the dysfunction of wound-healing-related cells in quantity and quality.Our previous studies revealed that human amniotic epithelial cells(hAECs)could promote diabetic wound healing by paracrine action.Interestingly,numerous studies demonstrated that exosomes derived from stem cells are the critical paracrine vehicles for stem cell therapy.However,whether exosomes derived from hAECs(hAECs-Exos)mediate the effects of hAECs on diabetic wound healing remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the biological effects of hAECs-Exos on diabetic wound healing and preliminarily elucidate the underlying mechanism.Methods:hAECs-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy,dynamic light scattering and flow cytometry.A series of in vitro functional analyses were performed to assess the regulatory effects of hAECs-Exos on human fibroblasts(HFBs)and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)in a high-glycemic microenvironment.Highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were conducted to speculate the related mechanisms of actions of hAECs-Exos on HFBs and HUVECs.Subsequently,the role of the candidate signaling pathway of hAECs-Exos in regulating the function of HUVECs and HFBs,as well as in diabetic wound healing,was assessed.Results:hAECs-Exos presented a cup-or sphere-shaped morphology with a mean diameter of 105.89±10.36 nm,were positive for CD63 and TSG101 and could be internalized by HFBs and HUVECs.After that,hAECs-Exos not only significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of HFBs,but also facilitated the angiogenic activity of HUVECs in vitro.High-throughput sequencing revealed enriched miRNAs of hAECs-Exos involved in wound healing.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analyses have shown that the target genes of the top 15 miRNAs were highly enriched in the PI3K-AKT pathway.Further functional studies demonstrated that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway was necessary for the induced biological effects of hAECs-Exos on HFBs and HUVECs,as well as on wound healing,in diabetic mice.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrated that hAECs-Exos represent a promising,novel strategy for diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and fibroblast function via activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.展开更多
Background:Poor sleep quality is associated with a decrease in quality of life in patients with major burn scars,combined with pruritus and pain.Few interventions have been reported to improve the sleep quality of pat...Background:Poor sleep quality is associated with a decrease in quality of life in patients with major burn scars,combined with pruritus and pain.Few interventions have been reported to improve the sleep quality of patients with scars.In the current prospective cohort study,we investigated the efficacy of CO_(2)-ablative fractional laser(AFL)surgery vs conventional surgery in post-burn patients with hypertrophic scars with sleep quality as the primary study outcome.Methods:In total 68 consecutive patients undergoing scar surgical treatment were recruited,including a CO_(2)-AFL surgery cohort(n=35)and a conventional surgery cohort(n=33).A subgroup from the AFL cohort was selected.Sleep quality,pain and pruritus were evaluated.Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to reveal the effect of CO_(2)-AFL surgery.Results:The CO_(2)-AFL surgery cohort had significantly lower Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)global scores than the conventional surgery cohort after the last surgical treatment.In the subgroup of patients receiving hardware sleep monitoring,CO_(2)-AFL markedly increased deep sleep time,deep sleep efficiency and reduced initial sleep latency.Compared to the conventional surgery cohort,the CO_(2)-AFL cohort presented significantly lower pain and pruritus scores.Correlation analysis showed pain and pruritus were significantly associated with PSQI scores,and there were also significant correlations between pain and pruritus scores.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that surgery method was negatively linearly correlated with visual analog scale(VAS)pain score,brief pain inventory(BPI)total,VAS pruritus score,5-D itch scale total,four-item itch questionnaire(FIIQ)total and PSQI total.Conclusions:CO_(2)-AFL surgery significantly improved sleep quality and reduced pain and pruritus of hypertrophic scar patients.The alleviation of sleep disorder was associated with improvement of deep sleep quality including deep sleep time and deep sleep deficiency.Trial registration:The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR200035268)approved retrospectively registration on 5 Aug 2020.展开更多
Superionic conductors,which exhibit liquid-like phonon transport but crystal-like carrier transport,have attracted great attention and broad research interest in the thermoelectric community.Ag_(2)Te is a superionic c...Superionic conductors,which exhibit liquid-like phonon transport but crystal-like carrier transport,have attracted great attention and broad research interest in the thermoelectric community.Ag_(2)Te is a superionic conductor;however,its small band gap and large Ag vacancy formation energy impede its application as a prominent p-type thermoelectric material.In this work,synergistic optimization of the thermoelectric performance of Ag_(2)Te through Cu substitution is realized through a combination of experimental and theoretical efforts.For the electrical transport,Cu substitution systematically increases the band gap of Ag_(2)Te and reduces the cation vacancy formation energy.These two beneficial effects simultaneously increase the electrical conductivity and suppress the bipolar effect,thereby greatly enhancing the p-type electrical transport properties of Ag_(2)Te.For the thermal transport,alloying Cu_(2)Te with Ag_(2)Te significantly reduces the thermal conductivity through not only point defect scattering but also softening of the interatomic interactions.The latter is attributed to the relatively small Cu atoms vibrating in the oversized 8c sites.This two-fold optimization results in maximum thermoelectric figure of merit zT values of over 1.3 at 773 K for both Ag_(1.2)Cu_(0.8)Te and AgCuTe,demonstrating the great potential of Ag_(2-x)Cu_(x)Te as a promising p-type thermoelectric material system.展开更多
Recent advances in high-throughput(HTP)computational power and machine learning have led to great achievements in exploration of new thermoelectric materials.However,experimental discovery and optimization of thermoel...Recent advances in high-throughput(HTP)computational power and machine learning have led to great achievements in exploration of new thermoelectric materials.However,experimental discovery and optimization of thermoelectric materials have long relied on the traditional Edisonian trial and error approach.Herein,we demonstrate that ultrahigh thermoelectric performance in a Cu-doped PbSe-PbS system can be realized by HTP experimental screening and precise property modulation.Combining the HTP experimental technique with transport model analysis,an optimal Se/S ratio showing high thermoelectric performance has been efficiently screened out.Subsequently,based on the screened Se/S ratio,the doping content of Cu has been subtly adjusted to reach the optimum carrier concentration.As a result,an outstanding peak zT~1:6 is achieved at 873 K for a 1.8 at%Cu-doped PbSe_(0.6)S_(0.4) sample,which is the superior value among the n-type Te-free lead chalcogenides.We anticipate that current work will stimulate large-scale unitization of the HTP experimental technique in the thermoelectric field,which can greatly accelerate the research and development of new high-performance thermoelectric materials.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0110503)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(81701905,81930057,81772076,81871559,81571897)+5 种基金the Shanghai Pujiang Program(17PJD043)the Clinical Key Discipline Project of Shanghai and Chinathe Shanghai Health System Excellent Talent Training Program(2017BR037)the Fujian Burn Medical Center([2017]171)the Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Programme of Fujian,China([2012]149)the Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Burn and Trauma,China.
文摘Background:Diabetic wounds are one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus,characterized by the dysfunction of wound-healing-related cells in quantity and quality.Our previous studies revealed that human amniotic epithelial cells(hAECs)could promote diabetic wound healing by paracrine action.Interestingly,numerous studies demonstrated that exosomes derived from stem cells are the critical paracrine vehicles for stem cell therapy.However,whether exosomes derived from hAECs(hAECs-Exos)mediate the effects of hAECs on diabetic wound healing remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the biological effects of hAECs-Exos on diabetic wound healing and preliminarily elucidate the underlying mechanism.Methods:hAECs-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy,dynamic light scattering and flow cytometry.A series of in vitro functional analyses were performed to assess the regulatory effects of hAECs-Exos on human fibroblasts(HFBs)and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)in a high-glycemic microenvironment.Highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were conducted to speculate the related mechanisms of actions of hAECs-Exos on HFBs and HUVECs.Subsequently,the role of the candidate signaling pathway of hAECs-Exos in regulating the function of HUVECs and HFBs,as well as in diabetic wound healing,was assessed.Results:hAECs-Exos presented a cup-or sphere-shaped morphology with a mean diameter of 105.89±10.36 nm,were positive for CD63 and TSG101 and could be internalized by HFBs and HUVECs.After that,hAECs-Exos not only significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of HFBs,but also facilitated the angiogenic activity of HUVECs in vitro.High-throughput sequencing revealed enriched miRNAs of hAECs-Exos involved in wound healing.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analyses have shown that the target genes of the top 15 miRNAs were highly enriched in the PI3K-AKT pathway.Further functional studies demonstrated that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway was necessary for the induced biological effects of hAECs-Exos on HFBs and HUVECs,as well as on wound healing,in diabetic mice.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrated that hAECs-Exos represent a promising,novel strategy for diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and fibroblast function via activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.
基金supported by the Special Scientific Research Fund of the Public Welfare Profession of China(201502028)the Excellent Discipline Leader Training Program of Shanghai Health System(No.2017BR037)+2 种基金the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(No.81772091)Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Devel-opment Center(No.SHDC2020CR3039B)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(17QB1403300).
文摘Background:Poor sleep quality is associated with a decrease in quality of life in patients with major burn scars,combined with pruritus and pain.Few interventions have been reported to improve the sleep quality of patients with scars.In the current prospective cohort study,we investigated the efficacy of CO_(2)-ablative fractional laser(AFL)surgery vs conventional surgery in post-burn patients with hypertrophic scars with sleep quality as the primary study outcome.Methods:In total 68 consecutive patients undergoing scar surgical treatment were recruited,including a CO_(2)-AFL surgery cohort(n=35)and a conventional surgery cohort(n=33).A subgroup from the AFL cohort was selected.Sleep quality,pain and pruritus were evaluated.Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to reveal the effect of CO_(2)-AFL surgery.Results:The CO_(2)-AFL surgery cohort had significantly lower Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)global scores than the conventional surgery cohort after the last surgical treatment.In the subgroup of patients receiving hardware sleep monitoring,CO_(2)-AFL markedly increased deep sleep time,deep sleep efficiency and reduced initial sleep latency.Compared to the conventional surgery cohort,the CO_(2)-AFL cohort presented significantly lower pain and pruritus scores.Correlation analysis showed pain and pruritus were significantly associated with PSQI scores,and there were also significant correlations between pain and pruritus scores.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that surgery method was negatively linearly correlated with visual analog scale(VAS)pain score,brief pain inventory(BPI)total,VAS pruritus score,5-D itch scale total,four-item itch questionnaire(FIIQ)total and PSQI total.Conclusions:CO_(2)-AFL surgery significantly improved sleep quality and reduced pain and pruritus of hypertrophic scar patients.The alleviation of sleep disorder was associated with improvement of deep sleep quality including deep sleep time and deep sleep deficiency.Trial registration:The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR200035268)approved retrospectively registration on 5 Aug 2020.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51772186,51632005,51761135127,and 51371194)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB0703600)the research grant(No.16DZ2260601)from Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality.
文摘Superionic conductors,which exhibit liquid-like phonon transport but crystal-like carrier transport,have attracted great attention and broad research interest in the thermoelectric community.Ag_(2)Te is a superionic conductor;however,its small band gap and large Ag vacancy formation energy impede its application as a prominent p-type thermoelectric material.In this work,synergistic optimization of the thermoelectric performance of Ag_(2)Te through Cu substitution is realized through a combination of experimental and theoretical efforts.For the electrical transport,Cu substitution systematically increases the band gap of Ag_(2)Te and reduces the cation vacancy formation energy.These two beneficial effects simultaneously increase the electrical conductivity and suppress the bipolar effect,thereby greatly enhancing the p-type electrical transport properties of Ag_(2)Te.For the thermal transport,alloying Cu_(2)Te with Ag_(2)Te significantly reduces the thermal conductivity through not only point defect scattering but also softening of the interatomic interactions.The latter is attributed to the relatively small Cu atoms vibrating in the oversized 8c sites.This two-fold optimization results in maximum thermoelectric figure of merit zT values of over 1.3 at 773 K for both Ag_(1.2)Cu_(0.8)Te and AgCuTe,demonstrating the great potential of Ag_(2-x)Cu_(x)Te as a promising p-type thermoelectric material system.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFB0703600 and 2018YFA0702100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51772186,51632005,and 51371194).
文摘Recent advances in high-throughput(HTP)computational power and machine learning have led to great achievements in exploration of new thermoelectric materials.However,experimental discovery and optimization of thermoelectric materials have long relied on the traditional Edisonian trial and error approach.Herein,we demonstrate that ultrahigh thermoelectric performance in a Cu-doped PbSe-PbS system can be realized by HTP experimental screening and precise property modulation.Combining the HTP experimental technique with transport model analysis,an optimal Se/S ratio showing high thermoelectric performance has been efficiently screened out.Subsequently,based on the screened Se/S ratio,the doping content of Cu has been subtly adjusted to reach the optimum carrier concentration.As a result,an outstanding peak zT~1:6 is achieved at 873 K for a 1.8 at%Cu-doped PbSe_(0.6)S_(0.4) sample,which is the superior value among the n-type Te-free lead chalcogenides.We anticipate that current work will stimulate large-scale unitization of the HTP experimental technique in the thermoelectric field,which can greatly accelerate the research and development of new high-performance thermoelectric materials.
