Phase change materials have a key role for wearable thermal management,but suffer from poor water vapor permeability,low enthalpy value and weak shape stability caused by liquid phase leakage and intrinsic rigidity of...Phase change materials have a key role for wearable thermal management,but suffer from poor water vapor permeability,low enthalpy value and weak shape stability caused by liquid phase leakage and intrinsic rigidity of solid–liquid phase change materials.Herein,we report for the first time a versatile strategy for designed assembly of high-enthalpy flexible phase change nonwovens(GB-PCN)by wet-spinning hybrid grapheneboron nitride(GB)fiber and subsequent impregnating paraffins(e.g.,eicosane,octadecane).As a result,our GB-PCN exhibited an unprecedented enthalpy value of 206.0 J g^(−1),excellent thermal reliability and anti-leakage capacity,superb thermal cycling ability of 97.6%after 1000 cycles,and ultrahigh water vapor permeability(close to the cotton),outperforming the reported PCM films and fibers to date.Notably,the wearable thermal management systems based on GB-PCN for both clothing and face mask were demonstrated,which can maintain the human body at a comfortable temperature range for a significantly long time.Therefore,our results demonstrate huge potential of GB-PCN for human-wearable passive thermal management in real scenarios.展开更多
The popularization of portable,implantable and wearable microelectronics has greatly stimulated the rapid development of high-power planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs).Particularly,the introduction of new functionalit...The popularization of portable,implantable and wearable microelectronics has greatly stimulated the rapid development of high-power planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs).Particularly,the introduction of new functionalities(e.g.,high voltage,flexibility,stretchability,self-healing,electrochromism and photo/thermal response)to PMSCs is essential for building multifunctional PMSCs and their smart selfpowered integrated microsystems.In this review,we summarized the latest advances in PMSCs from various functional microdevices to their smart integrated microsystems.Primarily,the functionalities of PMSCs are characterized by three major factors to emphasize their electrochemical behavior and unique scope of application.These include but are not limited to high-voltage outputs(realized through asymmetric configuration,novel electrolyte and modular integration),mechanical resilience that includes various feats of flexibility or stretchability,and response to stimuli(self-healing,electrochromic,photo-responsive,or thermal-responsive properties).Furthermore,three representative integrated microsystems including energy harvester-PMSC,PMSC-energy consumption,and all-in-one selfpowered microsystems are elaborately overviewed to understand the emerging intelligent interaction models.Finally,the key perspectives,challenges and opportunities of PMSCs for powering smart microelectronics are proposed in brief.展开更多
Microscale electrochemical energy storage devices,e.g., micro-supercapacitors(MSCs),possessing tailored performance and diversified form factors of lightweight,miniaturization,flexibility and exceptional integration a...Microscale electrochemical energy storage devices,e.g., micro-supercapacitors(MSCs),possessing tailored performance and diversified form factors of lightweight,miniaturization,flexibility and exceptional integration are highly necessary for the smart power sources-unitized electronics.Despite the great progress,the fabrication of MSCs combining high integration with high volumetric performance remains largely unsolved.Herein,we develop a simple,fast and scalable strategy to fabricate graphene based highly integrated MSCs by a new effective continuous centrifugal coating technique.Notably,the resulting highly conductive graphene films can act as not only patterned microelectrodes but also metal-free current collectors and interconnects,endowing modular MSCs with high integrity,remarkable flexibility,tailored voltage and capacitance output,and outstanding performance uniformity.More importantly,the strong centrifugal force and shear force generated in continuous centrifugal coating process lead to graphene films with high alignment,compactness and packing density,contributing to excellent volumetric capacitance of ~31.8 F cm^(-3) and volumetric energy density of ~2.8 mWh cm^(-3),exceeding most reported integrated MSCs.Therefore,our work paves a novel way for simple and scalable fabrication of integrated MSCs and offers promising opportunities as standalone microscale power sources for new-generation electronics.展开更多
Harnessing energy from the environment promotes the rapid development of micro-power generators and relevant power management modules of alternating current (AC) line-filtering to obtain a stabilized direct current (D...Harnessing energy from the environment promotes the rapid development of micro-power generators and relevant power management modules of alternating current (AC) line-filtering to obtain a stabilized direct current (DC) output for storage and use. Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with miniaturized volume and high-frequency response are regarded as a critical component in filtering circuits for microscale power conversion. Here, we reported the fabrication of the wafer-sized planar MSCs (M-MSCs) based on 2D Ti_(2)C_(2)T_(6) MXene using a photolithography technique. The M-MSCs exhibited an areal capacitance of 153 μF cm^(-2) and a frequency characteristic (f_(0)) of 5.6 k Hz in aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, by employing suitable ionic liquid as electrolyte, the voltage window was expanded to 2 V and the f_(0) could be pushed to 6.6 k Hz relying on the electrical double-layer mechanism and lower adsorption energy while maintaining quasi-rectangular cyclic voltammogram curves at 5000 V s^(-1). Furthermore, the integrated MSCs pack was constructed and exhibited excellent rectifying ability by filtering various highfrequency 5000 Hz AC signals with different waveforms into stable DC outputs. Such ultrahigh-rate and high-voltage M-MSCs module for k Hz AC line-filtering would be potentially integrated with customizable electronics to realize on-chip rectifiers in high-density integrated circuit.展开更多
The pursuit for Internet of Things(IoT)-enabled microelectronic devices has taken the scientific community by storm,and to power them,microscale electrochemical energy storage devices(MESDs),including microsupercapaci...The pursuit for Internet of Things(IoT)-enabled microelectronic devices has taken the scientific community by storm,and to power them,microscale electrochemical energy storage devices(MESDs),including microsupercapacitors(MSCs)and microbatteries(MBs)are considered ideal on-chip power sources[1].This is not surprising,given the inherent advantages of MESDs like facile microfabrication with an ultra-compact footprint,easy achievement of high areal capacity,and compatible integration with various functional microelectronic devices while providing smaller current drains.展开更多
In less than a decade,MXenes,a family of two-dimensional(2D)transition-metal carbide/nitrides,have pushed the boundaries of electrochemical performance attained by various energy storage devices[1].The all-round excel...In less than a decade,MXenes,a family of two-dimensional(2D)transition-metal carbide/nitrides,have pushed the boundaries of electrochemical performance attained by various energy storage devices[1].The all-round excellent achievements of MXene so far are reminiscent of the "graphene era" thanks to their unique features,such as hydrophilicity,conductivity,and redox pseudocapacitance.The functions of MXene could be tuned by modifying the surface functional groups using various chemical treatments like alkalization by KOH or molten-salt synthesis[1].In addition to the functional groups,various permutations and combinations of multiple transition metals are also possible which further enrich the properties of MXenes compared to mono-transition-metal MXenes(MTMs)[1]and boost the structural and oxidation stability for energy storage and catalysis.展开更多
The escalating demand for micro/nano-sized devices,such as micro/nano-robots,intelligent portable/wearable microsystems,and implantable medical microdevices,necessitates the expeditious development of integrated micro...The escalating demand for micro/nano-sized devices,such as micro/nano-robots,intelligent portable/wearable microsystems,and implantable medical microdevices,necessitates the expeditious development of integrated microsystems incorporating energy conversion,storage,and consumption.Critical bottlenecks in microscale energy storage/sensors and their integrated systems are being addressed by exploring new technologies and new materials,e.g.,MXene,holding great potential for developing lightweight and deformable integrated microdevices.This review summarizes the latest progress and milestones in the realization of MXene-based micro-supercapacitors(MSCs)and sensor arrays,and thus discusses the design fundamentals and key advancements of MXene-based energy conversion-storageconsumption integrated microsystems.Finally,we outline the key challenges in fabricating MXenebased MSCs/sensors and their self-powered integrated microsystems,which is crucial for their practical applications.Particularly,we illuminate viable solutions to such unsolved issues and highlight the exciting opportunities.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21903082,22003065,22125903,51872283,22075279,21805273,22273100)Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents(2019RT09)+3 种基金Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy(DNL),CAS,DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL201912,DNL201915,DNL202016,DNL202019)DICP(DICP I2020032,DICP I202036,I202218)The Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(YLU-DNL Fund 2021002,YLU-DNL 2021007,YLU-DNL 2021009)Q.Shi would like to thank Dalian Outstanding Young Scientific Talent Program(Grant 2019RJ10).
文摘Phase change materials have a key role for wearable thermal management,but suffer from poor water vapor permeability,low enthalpy value and weak shape stability caused by liquid phase leakage and intrinsic rigidity of solid–liquid phase change materials.Herein,we report for the first time a versatile strategy for designed assembly of high-enthalpy flexible phase change nonwovens(GB-PCN)by wet-spinning hybrid grapheneboron nitride(GB)fiber and subsequent impregnating paraffins(e.g.,eicosane,octadecane).As a result,our GB-PCN exhibited an unprecedented enthalpy value of 206.0 J g^(−1),excellent thermal reliability and anti-leakage capacity,superb thermal cycling ability of 97.6%after 1000 cycles,and ultrahigh water vapor permeability(close to the cotton),outperforming the reported PCM films and fibers to date.Notably,the wearable thermal management systems based on GB-PCN for both clothing and face mask were demonstrated,which can maintain the human body at a comfortable temperature range for a significantly long time.Therefore,our results demonstrate huge potential of GB-PCN for human-wearable passive thermal management in real scenarios.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China (Grant Nos.22125903,51872283,22109040)the“Transformational Technologies for Clean Energy and Demonstration”Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDA21000000)+4 种基金the Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents,China (2019RT09)DICP,China (DICP I202032)the Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy (DNL),CAS,DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS,China (DNL202016,DNL202019)the Top-Notch Talent Program of Henan Agricultural University,China (30500947)the Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy,China (YLU-DNL Fund 2021002,YLU-DNL Fund 2021009)。
文摘The popularization of portable,implantable and wearable microelectronics has greatly stimulated the rapid development of high-power planar micro-supercapacitors(PMSCs).Particularly,the introduction of new functionalities(e.g.,high voltage,flexibility,stretchability,self-healing,electrochromism and photo/thermal response)to PMSCs is essential for building multifunctional PMSCs and their smart selfpowered integrated microsystems.In this review,we summarized the latest advances in PMSCs from various functional microdevices to their smart integrated microsystems.Primarily,the functionalities of PMSCs are characterized by three major factors to emphasize their electrochemical behavior and unique scope of application.These include but are not limited to high-voltage outputs(realized through asymmetric configuration,novel electrolyte and modular integration),mechanical resilience that includes various feats of flexibility or stretchability,and response to stimuli(self-healing,electrochromic,photo-responsive,or thermal-responsive properties).Furthermore,three representative integrated microsystems including energy harvester-PMSC,PMSC-energy consumption,and all-in-one selfpowered microsystems are elaborately overviewed to understand the emerging intelligent interaction models.Finally,the key perspectives,challenges and opportunities of PMSCs for powering smart microelectronics are proposed in brief.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grants 2016YFB0100100, 2016YFA0200200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 51702078, 51572259, and 51872283)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning ProvinceJoint Research Fund Liaoning-Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science (Grant 20180510038)Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program (Grant XLYC1807153), DICP (DICP ZZBS201708, DICP ZZBS201802)DICP&QIBEBT (Grant DICP&QIBEBT UN201702)Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy (DNL), CAS, DNL Cooperation Fund, CAS (DNL180310, DNL180308, DNL201912, and DNL201915)。
文摘Microscale electrochemical energy storage devices,e.g., micro-supercapacitors(MSCs),possessing tailored performance and diversified form factors of lightweight,miniaturization,flexibility and exceptional integration are highly necessary for the smart power sources-unitized electronics.Despite the great progress,the fabrication of MSCs combining high integration with high volumetric performance remains largely unsolved.Herein,we develop a simple,fast and scalable strategy to fabricate graphene based highly integrated MSCs by a new effective continuous centrifugal coating technique.Notably,the resulting highly conductive graphene films can act as not only patterned microelectrodes but also metal-free current collectors and interconnects,endowing modular MSCs with high integrity,remarkable flexibility,tailored voltage and capacitance output,and outstanding performance uniformity.More importantly,the strong centrifugal force and shear force generated in continuous centrifugal coating process lead to graphene films with high alignment,compactness and packing density,contributing to excellent volumetric capacitance of ~31.8 F cm^(-3) and volumetric energy density of ~2.8 mWh cm^(-3),exceeding most reported integrated MSCs.Therefore,our work paves a novel way for simple and scalable fabrication of integrated MSCs and offers promising opportunities as standalone microscale power sources for new-generation electronics.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (2019ZDLGY1602)the Youth Science and Technology Nova Program of Shaanxi Province (2020KJXX-068)+8 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JBF201101)the National Key R@D Program of China (2016YFA0200200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22125903, 51872283, 22075279, 21805273, 22109160)the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1807153)the Liaoning Bai Qian Wan Talents Program, Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents (2019RT09)the Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy (DNL), CAS, DNL Cooperation Fund, CAS (DNL201912, DNL201915, DNL202016, DNL202019)DICP (DICP ZZBS201708, DICP ZZBS201802, DICP I2020032)the Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (YLU-DNL Fund 2021002, 2021009)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M693126, 2021M693127, 2019M661141, 2020M680995)。
文摘Harnessing energy from the environment promotes the rapid development of micro-power generators and relevant power management modules of alternating current (AC) line-filtering to obtain a stabilized direct current (DC) output for storage and use. Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with miniaturized volume and high-frequency response are regarded as a critical component in filtering circuits for microscale power conversion. Here, we reported the fabrication of the wafer-sized planar MSCs (M-MSCs) based on 2D Ti_(2)C_(2)T_(6) MXene using a photolithography technique. The M-MSCs exhibited an areal capacitance of 153 μF cm^(-2) and a frequency characteristic (f_(0)) of 5.6 k Hz in aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, by employing suitable ionic liquid as electrolyte, the voltage window was expanded to 2 V and the f_(0) could be pushed to 6.6 k Hz relying on the electrical double-layer mechanism and lower adsorption energy while maintaining quasi-rectangular cyclic voltammogram curves at 5000 V s^(-1). Furthermore, the integrated MSCs pack was constructed and exhibited excellent rectifying ability by filtering various highfrequency 5000 Hz AC signals with different waveforms into stable DC outputs. Such ultrahigh-rate and high-voltage M-MSCs module for k Hz AC line-filtering would be potentially integrated with customizable electronics to realize on-chip rectifiers in high-density integrated circuit.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125903 and 22209175)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504100)+1 种基金the Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents(2019RT09)the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Cooperation Fund,Chinese Academy of Sciences(DNL202016 and DNL202019)。
文摘The pursuit for Internet of Things(IoT)-enabled microelectronic devices has taken the scientific community by storm,and to power them,microscale electrochemical energy storage devices(MESDs),including microsupercapacitors(MSCs)and microbatteries(MBs)are considered ideal on-chip power sources[1].This is not surprising,given the inherent advantages of MESDs like facile microfabrication with an ultra-compact footprint,easy achievement of high areal capacity,and compatible integration with various functional microelectronic devices while providing smaller current drains.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125903,51872283,and 22109160)Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents(2019RT09)+2 种基金Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy(DNL),CAS,DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL201912,DNL201915,DNL202016,and DNL202019),DICP(DICP I2020032)the Joint Fund of Yulin University and Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(YLU-DNL Fund 2021002 and YLU-DNL Fund 2021009)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M693126)。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125903 and 22005297)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504100)+2 种基金Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents(2019RT09)Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy(DNL),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL202016,DNL202019)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,CAS(DICP I2020032,DICP I202222)。
文摘In less than a decade,MXenes,a family of two-dimensional(2D)transition-metal carbide/nitrides,have pushed the boundaries of electrochemical performance attained by various energy storage devices[1].The all-round excellent achievements of MXene so far are reminiscent of the "graphene era" thanks to their unique features,such as hydrophilicity,conductivity,and redox pseudocapacitance.The functions of MXene could be tuned by modifying the surface functional groups using various chemical treatments like alkalization by KOH or molten-salt synthesis[1].In addition to the functional groups,various permutations and combinations of multiple transition metals are also possible which further enrich the properties of MXenes compared to mono-transition-metal MXenes(MTMs)[1]and boost the structural and oxidation stability for energy storage and catalysis.
文摘The escalating demand for micro/nano-sized devices,such as micro/nano-robots,intelligent portable/wearable microsystems,and implantable medical microdevices,necessitates the expeditious development of integrated microsystems incorporating energy conversion,storage,and consumption.Critical bottlenecks in microscale energy storage/sensors and their integrated systems are being addressed by exploring new technologies and new materials,e.g.,MXene,holding great potential for developing lightweight and deformable integrated microdevices.This review summarizes the latest progress and milestones in the realization of MXene-based micro-supercapacitors(MSCs)and sensor arrays,and thus discusses the design fundamentals and key advancements of MXene-based energy conversion-storageconsumption integrated microsystems.Finally,we outline the key challenges in fabricating MXenebased MSCs/sensors and their self-powered integrated microsystems,which is crucial for their practical applications.Particularly,we illuminate viable solutions to such unsolved issues and highlight the exciting opportunities.
