The mining industry produces billions of tons of mine tailings annually.However,because of their lack of economic value,most of the tailings are discarded near the mining sites,typically under water.The primary enviro...The mining industry produces billions of tons of mine tailings annually.However,because of their lack of economic value,most of the tailings are discarded near the mining sites,typically under water.The primary environmental concerns of mine tailings are related to their heavy metal and sulfidic mineral content.Oxidation of sulfidic minerals can produce acid mine drainage that leaches heavy metals into the surrounding water.The management of tailing dams requires expensive construction and careful control,and there is the need for stable,sustainable,and economically viable management technologies.Alkali activation as a solidification/stabilization technology offers an attractive way to deal with mine tailings.Alkali activated materials are hardened,concrete-like structures that can be formed from raw materials that are rich in aluminum and silicon,which fortunately,are the main elements in mining residues.Furthermore,alkali activation can immobilize harmful heavy metals within the structure.This review describes the research on alkali activated mine tailings.The reactivity and chemistry of different minerals are discussed.Since many mine tailings are poorly reactive under alkaline conditions,different pretreatment methods and their effects on the mineralogy are reviewed.Possible applications for these materials are also discussed.展开更多
Wet granulation is a potential method to develop artificial aggregates.In this paper,the granulation of recycled alkali-activated slag powders with different particle size(d_(50) ranging between 12.9-127.7μm)distribu...Wet granulation is a potential method to develop artificial aggregates.In this paper,the granulation of recycled alkali-activated slag powders with different particle size(d_(50) ranging between 12.9-127.7μm)distributions were investigated in order to find how these affect on the engineering properties of the artificial aggregates.Blast furnace slag was added as co-binder in 10-30 wt.%during the granulation process and to enhance the properties,especially mechanical strength.The results show that the particle size of the raw material significantly affects the engineering properties of the produced aggregates,such as the crushing force(19-131.8 N),bulk density,water absorption,porosity and microstructure of the granules.The results show that granulation is a promising method to recycle alkali-activated materials as lightweight aggregates to replace natural aggregates.展开更多
基金financially supported by the project“Steps toward the use of mine tailings in geopolymer materials”funded by the Academy of Finland(No.292526)。
文摘The mining industry produces billions of tons of mine tailings annually.However,because of their lack of economic value,most of the tailings are discarded near the mining sites,typically under water.The primary environmental concerns of mine tailings are related to their heavy metal and sulfidic mineral content.Oxidation of sulfidic minerals can produce acid mine drainage that leaches heavy metals into the surrounding water.The management of tailing dams requires expensive construction and careful control,and there is the need for stable,sustainable,and economically viable management technologies.Alkali activation as a solidification/stabilization technology offers an attractive way to deal with mine tailings.Alkali activated materials are hardened,concrete-like structures that can be formed from raw materials that are rich in aluminum and silicon,which fortunately,are the main elements in mining residues.Furthermore,alkali activation can immobilize harmful heavy metals within the structure.This review describes the research on alkali activated mine tailings.The reactivity and chemistry of different minerals are discussed.Since many mine tailings are poorly reactive under alkaline conditions,different pretreatment methods and their effects on the mineralogy are reviewed.Possible applications for these materials are also discussed.
基金support received for the project DeConcrete Eco-Efficient Arctic technologies cooperation funded by kolarctic CBC initiative of European Union(KO 4068).XRD analysis was performed at the Center of Microscopy and Nanotechnology(University of Oulu).The authors would like to thank Jarno Karvonen and Elisa Wirkkala for their assistance with the laboratory experiments.
文摘Wet granulation is a potential method to develop artificial aggregates.In this paper,the granulation of recycled alkali-activated slag powders with different particle size(d_(50) ranging between 12.9-127.7μm)distributions were investigated in order to find how these affect on the engineering properties of the artificial aggregates.Blast furnace slag was added as co-binder in 10-30 wt.%during the granulation process and to enhance the properties,especially mechanical strength.The results show that the particle size of the raw material significantly affects the engineering properties of the produced aggregates,such as the crushing force(19-131.8 N),bulk density,water absorption,porosity and microstructure of the granules.The results show that granulation is a promising method to recycle alkali-activated materials as lightweight aggregates to replace natural aggregates.
