Marine resources have tremendous potential for developing high-value biomaterials.The last decade has seen an increasing number of biomaterials that originate from marine organisms.This field is rapidly evolving.Marin...Marine resources have tremendous potential for developing high-value biomaterials.The last decade has seen an increasing number of biomaterials that originate from marine organisms.This field is rapidly evolving.Marine biomaterials experience several periods of discovery and development ranging from coralline bone graft to polysaccharide-based biomaterials.The latter are represented by chitin and chitosan,marine-derived collagen,and composites of different organisms of marine origin.The diversity of marine natural products,their properties and applications are discussed thoroughly in the present review.These materials are easily available and possess excellent biocompatibility,biodegradability and potent bioactive characteristics.Important applications of marine biomaterials include medical applications,antimicrobial agents,drug delivery agents,anticoagulants,rehabilitation of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases,bone diseases and diabetes,as well as comestible,cosmetic and industrial applications.展开更多
Osteoimmunology has gained momentum in recent years,focusing on the crosstalk between the skeleton and the immune system.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nanoscale vesicles that are potential candidates for cell-free ti...Osteoimmunology has gained momentum in recent years,focusing on the crosstalk between the skeleton and the immune system.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nanoscale vesicles that are potential candidates for cell-free tissue regeneration strategies.They may be used for repairing damaged tissues and regulating the body’s immune system and bone-related metabolic activities.Because of the ability of EVs to deliver bioactive signals and mediate intercellular communication,they can decipher the complex mechanisms of interaction within the“osteoimmune system”at the molecular level.To address the lack of targeting ability caused by vesicle heterogeneity in the clinical applications of EVs,these nanoscopical entities may be modified by bioengineering techniques to optimize the interaction between bone repair and immunomodulation for improving treatment efficacy,specificity and safety.In the present review,the endogenous properties that make EVs natural delivery agents are outlined.Properties that may be improved by bioengineering are highlighted.The therapeutic applications of EVs in the rehabilitation of bone defects are discussed.The opportunities and challenges that need to be addressed for translating this field of research into clinical practice are brought into perspectives.展开更多
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS） is a respiratory disease characterized by the upper airway collapses and reopens repeatedly during sleep. Though the nerve control plays a key role in the upper airway collaps...Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS） is a respiratory disease characterized by the upper airway collapses and reopens repeatedly during sleep. Though the nerve control plays a key role in the upper airway collapse, it has been considered in previous studies only with lumped parameter models. Based on a finite element model including airway and surrounding structures, the effect of nerve control on the upper airway collapse was studied with fluid-structure interaction method. Spring elements were used to simulate the function of the muscle group. The simulation results show that the nerve control reduces the deformation of airway successfully and avoids the risk of OSAS.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81722015 and 81870805)the Shaanxi Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team(2020TD-033)the Innovative research team of high-level local universities in Shanghai and the Oral and maxillofacial regeneration and functional restoration.
文摘Marine resources have tremendous potential for developing high-value biomaterials.The last decade has seen an increasing number of biomaterials that originate from marine organisms.This field is rapidly evolving.Marine biomaterials experience several periods of discovery and development ranging from coralline bone graft to polysaccharide-based biomaterials.The latter are represented by chitin and chitosan,marine-derived collagen,and composites of different organisms of marine origin.The diversity of marine natural products,their properties and applications are discussed thoroughly in the present review.These materials are easily available and possess excellent biocompatibility,biodegradability and potent bioactive characteristics.Important applications of marine biomaterials include medical applications,antimicrobial agents,drug delivery agents,anticoagulants,rehabilitation of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases,bone diseases and diabetes,as well as comestible,cosmetic and industrial applications.
基金supported by grant 2019KB01 from the State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology,China,grant 81870805 from the National Nature Science Foundation of China,grant 2020TD-033 from the Shaanxi Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team and by Innovative research team of high-level local universities in shanghai,Oral and maxillofacial regeneration and functional restoration.
文摘Osteoimmunology has gained momentum in recent years,focusing on the crosstalk between the skeleton and the immune system.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nanoscale vesicles that are potential candidates for cell-free tissue regeneration strategies.They may be used for repairing damaged tissues and regulating the body’s immune system and bone-related metabolic activities.Because of the ability of EVs to deliver bioactive signals and mediate intercellular communication,they can decipher the complex mechanisms of interaction within the“osteoimmune system”at the molecular level.To address the lack of targeting ability caused by vesicle heterogeneity in the clinical applications of EVs,these nanoscopical entities may be modified by bioengineering techniques to optimize the interaction between bone repair and immunomodulation for improving treatment efficacy,specificity and safety.In the present review,the endogenous properties that make EVs natural delivery agents are outlined.Properties that may be improved by bioengineering are highlighted.The therapeutic applications of EVs in the rehabilitation of bone defects are discussed.The opportunities and challenges that need to be addressed for translating this field of research into clinical practice are brought into perspectives.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Sciences Foundation(Nos.7133248 and 3122020)
文摘Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS） is a respiratory disease characterized by the upper airway collapses and reopens repeatedly during sleep. Though the nerve control plays a key role in the upper airway collapse, it has been considered in previous studies only with lumped parameter models. Based on a finite element model including airway and surrounding structures, the effect of nerve control on the upper airway collapse was studied with fluid-structure interaction method. Spring elements were used to simulate the function of the muscle group. The simulation results show that the nerve control reduces the deformation of airway successfully and avoids the risk of OSAS.
