A frequency servo system-on-chip(FS-SoC)featuring output power stabilization technology is introduced in this study for high-precision and miniaturized cesium(Cs)atomic clocks.The proposed power stabilization loop(PSL...A frequency servo system-on-chip(FS-SoC)featuring output power stabilization technology is introduced in this study for high-precision and miniaturized cesium(Cs)atomic clocks.The proposed power stabilization loop(PSL)technique,incorporating an off-chip power detector(PD),ensures that the output power of the FS-SoC remains stable,mitigating the impact of power fluctuations on the atomic clock's stability.Additionally,a one-pulse-per-second(1PPS)is employed to syn-chronize the clock with GPS.Fabricated using 65 nm CMOS technology,the measured phase noise of the FS-SoC stands at-69.5 dBc/Hz@100 Hz offset and-83.9 dBc/Hz@1 kHz offset,accompanied by a power dissipation of 19.7 mW.The Cs atomic clock employing the proposed FS-SoC and PSL obtains an Allan deviation of 1.7×10^(-11) with 1-s averaging time.展开更多
Low-cost photovoltaic materials are essential for realizing large-scale commercial applications of organic solar cells(OSCs).However,highly efficient OSCs based on low-cost photovoltaic materials are scarce due to a d...Low-cost photovoltaic materials are essential for realizing large-scale commercial applications of organic solar cells(OSCs).However,highly efficient OSCs based on low-cost photovoltaic materials are scarce due to a deficiency in understanding the structure-property relationship.Herein,we investigated two low-cost terthiophene-based electron acceptors,namely,3TC8 and 3TEH,with 3,4-bis(octan-3-yloxy)thiophene,differing only in the alkylated thiophene-bridges.Both acceptors exhibit low optical gaps(∼1.43 eV)and possess deep highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)levels(∼−5.8 eV).Notably,the single-crystal structure of 3TEH demonstrates highly planar conjugated backbone and strongπ-πstacking between intermolecular terminal groups,attributed to the presence of the bulky alkylated noncovalently conformational locks.Upon utilizing both acceptors to fabricate OSCs,the 3TC8-based device exhibited a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 11.1%,while the 3TEH-based OSC demonstrated an excellent PCE of 14.4%.This PCE is the highest among OSCs based on terthiophene-containing electron acceptors.These results offer a new strategy for designing low-cost electron acceptors for highly efficient OSCs.展开更多
Background:With public health emergencies(PHE)worldwide increasing,the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’psychological distress.However,the mechanisms by which th...Background:With public health emergencies(PHE)worldwide increasing,the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’psychological distress.However,the mechanisms by which the perceived risk of PHE affects college students’psychological distress are not clear.The study’s purpose was to investigate the mediation roles of deviation from a balanced time perspective(DBTP)and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1054 Chinese college students with self-reporting.Data was collected using the Public Risk Perception Scale(PRPS),the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory(ZTPI),the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the PHE Anxiety Scale,and the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ).The associations between the perceived risk of PHE,DBTP,negative coping styles,and psychological distress were clarified using the correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating roles of DBTP and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress were investigated using a structural equation model.Results:The findings revealed low to moderate correlations between the variables studied.Students’perceived risk of PHE was a positive predictor of their psychological distress(b=0.219,p<0.01).DBTP and negative coping styles played chain mediation roles between them with the effect being 0.009 and a 95%Boot CI of[0.003,0.023].This chain mediation model had an excellent fit index(χ^(2)/df=4.732,CFI=0.973,TLI=0.930,RMSEA=0.048,SRMR=0.047).Conclusion:These findings showed how the perceived risk of PHE affected college students’psychological distress.Specifically,these results suggested that improving students’mental ability to switch effectively among different time perspectives depending on task features and situational considerations and reducing their negative coping styles might be effective ways to promote their mental health.展开更多
Heterosis and polyploidy have an overwhelming influence on plant evolution.Recently,polyploid rice hybrids have been used to breed new rice varieties because they combine the advantages of both heterosis and polyploid...Heterosis and polyploidy have an overwhelming influence on plant evolution.Recently,polyploid rice hybrids have been used to breed new rice varieties because they combine the advantages of both heterosis and polyploidy.In this study,we generated six rice lines:autotetraploid rice hybrids and their autotetraploid parents,diploid donors,and hybrids of the diploid donors.To investigate the molecular mechanism controlling the effects of both hybridization and polyploidization,we performed bisulfite and RNA sequencing on young panicles at the pollen meiosis stage to compare the DNA metabolomes and transcriptomes among the six rice lines.The hybrids lines were hypermethylated compared to their corresponding parents and the autotetraploid lines showed globally increased DNA methylation of their transposable elements compared to the diploid donors.The alteration in DNA methylation level corresponded to the differential gene expressions among the rice genotypes,suggesting that methylation changes induced by polyploidization and hybridization may affect gene expression.Groups of gene candidates were identified that may be associated with heterosis and polyploidy.Our results provide DNA information that can be used to investigate epigenetic modification during heterosis and polyploidy in rice.展开更多
Phosphate material LiMnPO4 is popular for its high energy density(697 W·h·kg^(-1))and safety.When LiMnPO_(4) crystal grows,the potential barrier along b and c axis is strong,which makes the crystal grow alon...Phosphate material LiMnPO4 is popular for its high energy density(697 W·h·kg^(-1))and safety.When LiMnPO_(4) crystal grows,the potential barrier along b and c axis is strong,which makes the crystal grow along b axis to form a one-dimensional chain structure.However,the main migration channel of lithium ions in olivine structure is plane(010).By shortening the growth in the direction of b axis and enhancing the diffusion along the directions of a and c,two-dimensional nanosheets that are more conducive to the migration of lithium ions are formed.The dosage of polyols is the key factor guiding the dispersion of the crystals to the(010)plane.X-ray diffraction(XRD),Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and other means are used to characterize the samples.After experiments,we found that when the ratio of polyol/water was 2:1,the morphology of the synthesized sample was 20–30 nm thick nanosheets,which had the best electrochemical performance.At 0.1C,the discharge specific capacity reaches 148.9 mA·h·g^(-1),still reaches 144.3 mA·h·g^(-1) at the 50th cycle.and there is still 112.5 mA·h·g^(-1) under high rate(5C).This is thanks to the good dispersion of the material in the direction of the crystal plane(010).This can solve the problem of low conductivity and ionic mobility of phosphate materials.展开更多
Syndrome differentiation-based treatment is one of the key characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).The process of syndrome differentiation is difficult and challenging due to its complexity,diversity and ...Syndrome differentiation-based treatment is one of the key characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).The process of syndrome differentiation is difficult and challenging due to its complexity,diversity and vagueness.Analyzing syndrome principles from historical records of TCM using data mining(DM)technology has been of high interest in recent years.Nevertheless,in most relevant studies,existing DM algorithms have been simply developed for TCM mining,while the combination of TCM theories or its characteristics with DM algorithms has rarely been reported.This paper presents a novel Symptom-Syndrome Topic Model(SSTM),which is a supervised probabilistic topic model with three-tier Bayesian structure.In the SSTM,syndromes are considered as observed topic labels to distinguish certain symptoms from possible symptoms according to their different positions.The generation of our model is in full compliance with the syndrome differentiation theory of TCM.Experimental results show that the SSTM is more effective than other models for syndrome differentiating.展开更多
Objective:Systematically evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding and subtracting decoction of rehmanniae combined with Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension.Methods:PubMed,The Cochrane Library,EMBASE,...Objective:Systematically evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding and subtracting decoction of rehmanniae combined with Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension.Methods:PubMed,The Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP database and China Biomedical Literature Service System(CBM)were searched.All randomized controlled studies(RCTs)on adding and subtracting decoction ofrehmanniae combined with Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension were retrieved.The retrieval period is from the database construction to November 2021.Two investigators independently screened the literature,collected baseline data of patients and data on related indicators,and evaluated the risk of bias in the included randomized controlled trials.Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan5.3 software.Results:Five randomized controlled trials including 380 patients were obtained after screening by inclusing and exclusing criteria.Meta-analysis results showed that:In the experimental group,TCM syndrome score(MD=-4.08,95%CI:-5.32 to-2.84,P<0.00001),systolic blood pressure(SBP)(MD=-7.77,95%CI:-12.03 to-3.51,P=0.0003),diastolic blood pressure(DBP)(MD=-6.76,95%CI:-9.59 to-3.93,P<0.00001)were better than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion:The current evidence shows that compared with the simple use of Western medicine,adding and subtracting decoction of rehmanniae combined with Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension has more advantages in improving TCM syndromes and reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure,and the conclusion is reliable.However,due to the limited number and low quality of included randomized controlled trials,more randomized,double-blind,large-sample clinical studies are needed to confirm the above conclusions.展开更多
The Chinese government has emphasized innovation as the primary driving force for economic development in the new era.This paper studies the effect of import policy uncertainty(IPU)on the innovation activity of Chines...The Chinese government has emphasized innovation as the primary driving force for economic development in the new era.This paper studies the effect of import policy uncertainty(IPU)on the innovation activity of Chinese manufacturing firms.It establishes a simple model to show that the presence of IPU encourages innovation and that a reduction in IPU discourages innovation.It distinguishes the almost unnoticed IPU reduction from tariff reduction on China's WTO accession and develops a novel difference-in-differences specification that identifies the negative effect of IPU reduction on innovation using updated data for Chinese manufacturing and patent filings.The result holds after a battery of identification assumptions and robustness checks are considered.The import channel explains about two thirds of the effect of IPU on innovation,but not all of the effect.Finally,this paper examines the effect across firms of different levels of productivity and ownership types and patents of different categories.展开更多
This paper investigates the effect of bilateral relations on exports using data from Google Global Data.It finds that bilateral relations significantly reduced the negative effect of cultural distance on exports,indic...This paper investigates the effect of bilateral relations on exports using data from Google Global Data.It finds that bilateral relations significantly reduced the negative effect of cultural distance on exports,indicating that they can promote exports by reducing trade costs.The paper finds that higher average Goldstein scores of events correlated with more exports and that bilateral relations had a larger effect on trust-intensive products,indicating that positive relations built trust and decreased the emotional distance between trading partners.The results also show that bilateral relations promoted exports at both the intensive and extensive margins but with a greater effect on the latter.Finally,bilateral relations had a greater positive effect on developing countries than on developed ones.The results were qualitatively unchanged when endogeneity issues and robustness concerns were considered.展开更多
The current casting surface defect detection algorithms suffer from poor small target defect recognition and imbalance between detection performance and detection time.An improved algorithmic framework for casting def...The current casting surface defect detection algorithms suffer from poor small target defect recognition and imbalance between detection performance and detection time.An improved algorithmic framework for casting defect detection was proposed based on the DEtection TRansformer(DETR)algorithm.The algorithm takes ResNet with an efficient channel attention(ECA)-Net module as the backbone network.In addition,based on the original algorithm architecture,dynamic anchor boxes,improved multi-scale deformable attention module,and SIoU loss function are introduced to improve the sensitivity of transformer structure to input location information and scale size,and the small target defect detection performance is effectively improved.The recognition performance of the algorithm in a self-built casting defect dataset was studied.The improved DETR algorithm has 97.561% accuracy in recognizing two defects,namely sandinclusion and notch,with the detection rate being improved by 65.854% and 17.073% compared with the original DETR and you only look once(Yolo)-V5,respectively.This algorithm verifies the applicability of the transformer architecture target detection algorithm for casting defect detection tasks and provides new ideas for detecting other similar application scenarios.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effectiveness of the competency model for nursing managers in the training of newly appointed head nurses.Methods:Eighteen newly appointed head nurses from Yichang Central People’s Hospital,s...Objective:To explore the effectiveness of the competency model for nursing managers in the training of newly appointed head nurses.Methods:Eighteen newly appointed head nurses from Yichang Central People’s Hospital,selected between August 2023 and July 2024,were chosen as the research subjects.Based on the nursing manager competency model,corresponding training programs were developed,and these 18 head nurses were trained accordingly.Results:After the training,all newly appointed head nurses passed the theoretical assessments,with a pass rate of 100.00%.The pass rates for two rounds of assessment were 100.00%and 94.54%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the performance evaluation scores between new and senior head nurses in terms of standardized services,nursing quality,nursing research and teaching,and patient satisfaction(P>0.05).Conclusion:The competency model for nursing managers has a significant effect on the training of newly appointed head nurses.It effectively enhances management awareness,facilitates role transition,and,to some extent,improves the management and leadership capabilities of head nurses.It holds high value for broader implementation.展开更多
Bletilla striata belongs to the family Orchidaceae,and it is mainly distributed in East Asia.The tubers of B.striata have been utilized in Traditional Chinese Medicine for various ailments,such as hematemesis,tubercul...Bletilla striata belongs to the family Orchidaceae,and it is mainly distributed in East Asia.The tubers of B.striata have been utilized in Traditional Chinese Medicine for various ailments,such as hematemesis,tuberculosis,malignant ulcers,hemorrhoids,traumatic bleeding,and chapped skin.Phytochemical investigation on B.striata has resulted in the identification of 192 monomeric compounds,including bibenzyls,phenanthrene derivatives,triterpenoids and its saponins,steroids and its saponins,malic acid derivatives,and anthocyanins.Moreover,B.striata polysaccharide is another typical chemical constituent of this plant.Pharmacology studies have shown that the plant possesses wound healing,antimicrobial,anticancer,antioxidative,and antiviral activities.This review aims to provide the latest and comprehensive information on chemical constituents,pharmacological activities,and quality control of B.striata and to identify future research needs.展开更多
Tumor escape from immune-mediated destruction has been associated with immunosuppressive mechanisms that inhibit T-cell activation.A promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy is to disrupt key pathways regulating im...Tumor escape from immune-mediated destruction has been associated with immunosuppressive mechanisms that inhibit T-cell activation.A promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy is to disrupt key pathways regulating immune tolerance,such as program death-1(PD-1/PD-L1)pathway in the tumor environment.However,the determinants of response to anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)treatment remain incompletely understood.In murine models,PD-1 blockade alone fails to induce effective immune responses to poorly immunogenic tumors,but is successful when combined with additional interventions,such as cancer vaccines.Novel cancer vaccines combined with antibody may offer promising control of cancer development and progression.In this investigation,we generated a novel tumor cell vaccine simultaneously expressing anti-PD-1 mAbs and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF)in CT26 colon cancer and B16-F10 melanoma.The antitumor effect of the vaccine was verified by therapeutic and adoptive animal experiments in vivo.The antitumor mechanism was analyzed using Flow cytometry,Elispot and in vivo intervention approaches.The results showed that tumor cell vaccine secreting PD-1 neutralizing antibodies and GM-CSF induced remarkable antitumor immune effects and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing animals compared with animals treated with either PD-1 mAbs or GM-CSF alone.Antitumor effects and prolonged survival correlated with strong antigen-specific T-cell responses by analyzing CD11c^(+)CD86^(+)DC,CD11b^(+)F4/80^(+)MΦcells,increased ratio of Teff/Treg in the tumor microenvironment,and higher secretion levels of Th1 proinflammatory cytokines in serum.Furthermore,the results of ELISPOT and in vivo blocking strategies further confirmed that the antitumor immune response is acquired by CD4 and CD8 T immune responses,primarily dependent on CD4 Th1 immune response,not NK innate immune response.The combination of PD-1 blockade with GM-CSF secretion potency creates a novel tumor cell vaccine immunotherapy,affording significantly improved antitumor responses by releasing the state of immunosuppressive microenvironment and augmenting the tumor-reactive T-cell responses.展开更多
Dear Editor,The dengue virus(DENV)is a single-stranded positivesense RNA virus that belongs to the family Flaviviridae(Gubler,2002),and has four serotypes,DENV1–DENV4,which are transmitted via Aedes aegypti and Aedes...Dear Editor,The dengue virus(DENV)is a single-stranded positivesense RNA virus that belongs to the family Flaviviridae(Gubler,2002),and has four serotypes,DENV1–DENV4,which are transmitted via Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus(Rodriguez-Roche and Gould,2013).It has been reported that more than 50 million dengue infections occur each year(Guzman et al.,2010),and a serious outbreak occurred in the Southern Provinces展开更多
Wettability manipulation of glancing angle deposited Fe/Co/Ni nanorod arrays was realized by X-ray irradiation in ultra-high vacuum chamber. Reversible transition was also purchased by alternating ethanol immersion an...Wettability manipulation of glancing angle deposited Fe/Co/Ni nanorod arrays was realized by X-ray irradiation in ultra-high vacuum chamber. Reversible transition was also purchased by alternating ethanol immersion and X-ray irradiation. Alkyl group adsorption-desorption mechanism and corresponding morphology depen- dence of wettability manipulation were revealed.展开更多
Using Chinese microdata from 2000 to 2013,we document how demand shocks in export markets lead multi-product exporters to adjust markups across products.We find that,in response to positive demand shocks,quality-based...Using Chinese microdata from 2000 to 2013,we document how demand shocks in export markets lead multi-product exporters to adjust markups across products.We find that,in response to positive demand shocks,quality-based competitive multi-product firms increase product markups significantly,particularly for core products,whereas cost-based competitive multi-product firms respond by reducing product markups.The reason for this is that positive foreign demand affects markups through two opposite channels:pro-innovative effects and pro-competitive ejfects.Pro-innovative effects are predominant among quality-based competitive multi-product firms,and these firms respond to positive foreign demand shocks by increasing product quality,prices,and markups.Pro-competitive ejfects are predominant among cost-based competitive multi-product firms,and these firms respond to positive foreign demand shocks by lowering product cost,prices,and markups.We demonstrate the presence of these mechanisms empirically.The results imply that firms with different competition strategies should adopt different measures in response to foreign demand shocks.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62034002 and 62374026.
文摘A frequency servo system-on-chip(FS-SoC)featuring output power stabilization technology is introduced in this study for high-precision and miniaturized cesium(Cs)atomic clocks.The proposed power stabilization loop(PSL)technique,incorporating an off-chip power detector(PD),ensures that the output power of the FS-SoC remains stable,mitigating the impact of power fluctuations on the atomic clock's stability.Additionally,a one-pulse-per-second(1PPS)is employed to syn-chronize the clock with GPS.Fabricated using 65 nm CMOS technology,the measured phase noise of the FS-SoC stands at-69.5 dBc/Hz@100 Hz offset and-83.9 dBc/Hz@1 kHz offset,accompanied by a power dissipation of 19.7 mW.The Cs atomic clock employing the proposed FS-SoC and PSL obtains an Allan deviation of 1.7×10^(-11) with 1-s averaging time.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(Z230019,2212005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 22173062,21833005,22090022 and 22275125).
文摘Low-cost photovoltaic materials are essential for realizing large-scale commercial applications of organic solar cells(OSCs).However,highly efficient OSCs based on low-cost photovoltaic materials are scarce due to a deficiency in understanding the structure-property relationship.Herein,we investigated two low-cost terthiophene-based electron acceptors,namely,3TC8 and 3TEH,with 3,4-bis(octan-3-yloxy)thiophene,differing only in the alkylated thiophene-bridges.Both acceptors exhibit low optical gaps(∼1.43 eV)and possess deep highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)levels(∼−5.8 eV).Notably,the single-crystal structure of 3TEH demonstrates highly planar conjugated backbone and strongπ-πstacking between intermolecular terminal groups,attributed to the presence of the bulky alkylated noncovalently conformational locks.Upon utilizing both acceptors to fabricate OSCs,the 3TC8-based device exhibited a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 11.1%,while the 3TEH-based OSC demonstrated an excellent PCE of 14.4%.This PCE is the highest among OSCs based on terthiophene-containing electron acceptors.These results offer a new strategy for designing low-cost electron acceptors for highly efficient OSCs.
文摘Background:With public health emergencies(PHE)worldwide increasing,the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’psychological distress.However,the mechanisms by which the perceived risk of PHE affects college students’psychological distress are not clear.The study’s purpose was to investigate the mediation roles of deviation from a balanced time perspective(DBTP)and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1054 Chinese college students with self-reporting.Data was collected using the Public Risk Perception Scale(PRPS),the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory(ZTPI),the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the PHE Anxiety Scale,and the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ).The associations between the perceived risk of PHE,DBTP,negative coping styles,and psychological distress were clarified using the correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating roles of DBTP and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress were investigated using a structural equation model.Results:The findings revealed low to moderate correlations between the variables studied.Students’perceived risk of PHE was a positive predictor of their psychological distress(b=0.219,p<0.01).DBTP and negative coping styles played chain mediation roles between them with the effect being 0.009 and a 95%Boot CI of[0.003,0.023].This chain mediation model had an excellent fit index(χ^(2)/df=4.732,CFI=0.973,TLI=0.930,RMSEA=0.048,SRMR=0.047).Conclusion:These findings showed how the perceived risk of PHE affected college students’psychological distress.Specifically,these results suggested that improving students’mental ability to switch effectively among different time perspectives depending on task features and situational considerations and reducing their negative coping styles might be effective ways to promote their mental health.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2020BBA032)the Wuhan Science and Technology Major Project “Development and application of polyploid rice”,the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice(Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center)(19KF06)the Youth Grant of Hubei University.
文摘Heterosis and polyploidy have an overwhelming influence on plant evolution.Recently,polyploid rice hybrids have been used to breed new rice varieties because they combine the advantages of both heterosis and polyploidy.In this study,we generated six rice lines:autotetraploid rice hybrids and their autotetraploid parents,diploid donors,and hybrids of the diploid donors.To investigate the molecular mechanism controlling the effects of both hybridization and polyploidization,we performed bisulfite and RNA sequencing on young panicles at the pollen meiosis stage to compare the DNA metabolomes and transcriptomes among the six rice lines.The hybrids lines were hypermethylated compared to their corresponding parents and the autotetraploid lines showed globally increased DNA methylation of their transposable elements compared to the diploid donors.The alteration in DNA methylation level corresponded to the differential gene expressions among the rice genotypes,suggesting that methylation changes induced by polyploidization and hybridization may affect gene expression.Groups of gene candidates were identified that may be associated with heterosis and polyploidy.Our results provide DNA information that can be used to investigate epigenetic modification during heterosis and polyploidy in rice.
基金financial support from Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313423)Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B090919005)Pearl River Science and Technology New Star Project(201806010039).
文摘Phosphate material LiMnPO4 is popular for its high energy density(697 W·h·kg^(-1))and safety.When LiMnPO_(4) crystal grows,the potential barrier along b and c axis is strong,which makes the crystal grow along b axis to form a one-dimensional chain structure.However,the main migration channel of lithium ions in olivine structure is plane(010).By shortening the growth in the direction of b axis and enhancing the diffusion along the directions of a and c,two-dimensional nanosheets that are more conducive to the migration of lithium ions are formed.The dosage of polyols is the key factor guiding the dispersion of the crystals to the(010)plane.X-ray diffraction(XRD),Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and other means are used to characterize the samples.After experiments,we found that when the ratio of polyol/water was 2:1,the morphology of the synthesized sample was 20–30 nm thick nanosheets,which had the best electrochemical performance.At 0.1C,the discharge specific capacity reaches 148.9 mA·h·g^(-1),still reaches 144.3 mA·h·g^(-1) at the 50th cycle.and there is still 112.5 mA·h·g^(-1) under high rate(5C).This is thanks to the good dispersion of the material in the direction of the crystal plane(010).This can solve the problem of low conductivity and ionic mobility of phosphate materials.
文摘Syndrome differentiation-based treatment is one of the key characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).The process of syndrome differentiation is difficult and challenging due to its complexity,diversity and vagueness.Analyzing syndrome principles from historical records of TCM using data mining(DM)technology has been of high interest in recent years.Nevertheless,in most relevant studies,existing DM algorithms have been simply developed for TCM mining,while the combination of TCM theories or its characteristics with DM algorithms has rarely been reported.This paper presents a novel Symptom-Syndrome Topic Model(SSTM),which is a supervised probabilistic topic model with three-tier Bayesian structure.In the SSTM,syndromes are considered as observed topic labels to distinguish certain symptoms from possible symptoms according to their different positions.The generation of our model is in full compliance with the syndrome differentiation theory of TCM.Experimental results show that the SSTM is more effective than other models for syndrome differentiating.
文摘Objective:Systematically evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding and subtracting decoction of rehmanniae combined with Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension.Methods:PubMed,The Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP database and China Biomedical Literature Service System(CBM)were searched.All randomized controlled studies(RCTs)on adding and subtracting decoction ofrehmanniae combined with Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension were retrieved.The retrieval period is from the database construction to November 2021.Two investigators independently screened the literature,collected baseline data of patients and data on related indicators,and evaluated the risk of bias in the included randomized controlled trials.Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan5.3 software.Results:Five randomized controlled trials including 380 patients were obtained after screening by inclusing and exclusing criteria.Meta-analysis results showed that:In the experimental group,TCM syndrome score(MD=-4.08,95%CI:-5.32 to-2.84,P<0.00001),systolic blood pressure(SBP)(MD=-7.77,95%CI:-12.03 to-3.51,P=0.0003),diastolic blood pressure(DBP)(MD=-6.76,95%CI:-9.59 to-3.93,P<0.00001)were better than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion:The current evidence shows that compared with the simple use of Western medicine,adding and subtracting decoction of rehmanniae combined with Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension has more advantages in improving TCM syndromes and reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure,and the conclusion is reliable.However,due to the limited number and low quality of included randomized controlled trials,more randomized,double-blind,large-sample clinical studies are needed to confirm the above conclusions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.72173132,72173100,and 72003193)SWUFE Jiaozi Institute of Fintech Innovation(No.cgzh20210202).
文摘The Chinese government has emphasized innovation as the primary driving force for economic development in the new era.This paper studies the effect of import policy uncertainty(IPU)on the innovation activity of Chinese manufacturing firms.It establishes a simple model to show that the presence of IPU encourages innovation and that a reduction in IPU discourages innovation.It distinguishes the almost unnoticed IPU reduction from tariff reduction on China's WTO accession and develops a novel difference-in-differences specification that identifies the negative effect of IPU reduction on innovation using updated data for Chinese manufacturing and patent filings.The result holds after a battery of identification assumptions and robustness checks are considered.The import channel explains about two thirds of the effect of IPU on innovation,but not all of the effect.Finally,this paper examines the effect across firms of different levels of productivity and ownership types and patents of different categories.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.72173132 and 72003193).
文摘This paper investigates the effect of bilateral relations on exports using data from Google Global Data.It finds that bilateral relations significantly reduced the negative effect of cultural distance on exports,indicating that they can promote exports by reducing trade costs.The paper finds that higher average Goldstein scores of events correlated with more exports and that bilateral relations had a larger effect on trust-intensive products,indicating that positive relations built trust and decreased the emotional distance between trading partners.The results also show that bilateral relations promoted exports at both the intensive and extensive margins but with a greater effect on the latter.Finally,bilateral relations had a greater positive effect on developing countries than on developed ones.The results were qualitatively unchanged when endogeneity issues and robustness concerns were considered.
基金the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51405002)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2108085ME173)+2 种基金open funds from Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering&Resources Recycling(No.SKF20-05)Opening Project of Engineering Technology Research Center of Anhui Education Department for Energy Saving and Pollutant Control in metallurgical processOpening Project of Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Applications and Security of Industrial Internet(Grant No.IASII21-03)for financial support.
文摘The current casting surface defect detection algorithms suffer from poor small target defect recognition and imbalance between detection performance and detection time.An improved algorithmic framework for casting defect detection was proposed based on the DEtection TRansformer(DETR)algorithm.The algorithm takes ResNet with an efficient channel attention(ECA)-Net module as the backbone network.In addition,based on the original algorithm architecture,dynamic anchor boxes,improved multi-scale deformable attention module,and SIoU loss function are introduced to improve the sensitivity of transformer structure to input location information and scale size,and the small target defect detection performance is effectively improved.The recognition performance of the algorithm in a self-built casting defect dataset was studied.The improved DETR algorithm has 97.561% accuracy in recognizing two defects,namely sandinclusion and notch,with the detection rate being improved by 65.854% and 17.073% compared with the original DETR and you only look once(Yolo)-V5,respectively.This algorithm verifies the applicability of the transformer architecture target detection algorithm for casting defect detection tasks and provides new ideas for detecting other similar application scenarios.
文摘Objective:To explore the effectiveness of the competency model for nursing managers in the training of newly appointed head nurses.Methods:Eighteen newly appointed head nurses from Yichang Central People’s Hospital,selected between August 2023 and July 2024,were chosen as the research subjects.Based on the nursing manager competency model,corresponding training programs were developed,and these 18 head nurses were trained accordingly.Results:After the training,all newly appointed head nurses passed the theoretical assessments,with a pass rate of 100.00%.The pass rates for two rounds of assessment were 100.00%and 94.54%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the performance evaluation scores between new and senior head nurses in terms of standardized services,nursing quality,nursing research and teaching,and patient satisfaction(P>0.05).Conclusion:The competency model for nursing managers has a significant effect on the training of newly appointed head nurses.It effectively enhances management awareness,facilitates role transition,and,to some extent,improves the management and leadership capabilities of head nurses.It holds high value for broader implementation.
文摘Bletilla striata belongs to the family Orchidaceae,and it is mainly distributed in East Asia.The tubers of B.striata have been utilized in Traditional Chinese Medicine for various ailments,such as hematemesis,tuberculosis,malignant ulcers,hemorrhoids,traumatic bleeding,and chapped skin.Phytochemical investigation on B.striata has resulted in the identification of 192 monomeric compounds,including bibenzyls,phenanthrene derivatives,triterpenoids and its saponins,steroids and its saponins,malic acid derivatives,and anthocyanins.Moreover,B.striata polysaccharide is another typical chemical constituent of this plant.Pharmacology studies have shown that the plant possesses wound healing,antimicrobial,anticancer,antioxidative,and antiviral activities.This review aims to provide the latest and comprehensive information on chemical constituents,pharmacological activities,and quality control of B.striata and to identify future research needs.
基金This work was supported by The National Key Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China(2012CB917104 and 2013CB967201)National Natural Science Foundation of China Program grant(No:81372445)National Institute of Health grant(AI109317-01A1 and AI109373-01).
文摘Tumor escape from immune-mediated destruction has been associated with immunosuppressive mechanisms that inhibit T-cell activation.A promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy is to disrupt key pathways regulating immune tolerance,such as program death-1(PD-1/PD-L1)pathway in the tumor environment.However,the determinants of response to anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)treatment remain incompletely understood.In murine models,PD-1 blockade alone fails to induce effective immune responses to poorly immunogenic tumors,but is successful when combined with additional interventions,such as cancer vaccines.Novel cancer vaccines combined with antibody may offer promising control of cancer development and progression.In this investigation,we generated a novel tumor cell vaccine simultaneously expressing anti-PD-1 mAbs and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF)in CT26 colon cancer and B16-F10 melanoma.The antitumor effect of the vaccine was verified by therapeutic and adoptive animal experiments in vivo.The antitumor mechanism was analyzed using Flow cytometry,Elispot and in vivo intervention approaches.The results showed that tumor cell vaccine secreting PD-1 neutralizing antibodies and GM-CSF induced remarkable antitumor immune effects and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing animals compared with animals treated with either PD-1 mAbs or GM-CSF alone.Antitumor effects and prolonged survival correlated with strong antigen-specific T-cell responses by analyzing CD11c^(+)CD86^(+)DC,CD11b^(+)F4/80^(+)MΦcells,increased ratio of Teff/Treg in the tumor microenvironment,and higher secretion levels of Th1 proinflammatory cytokines in serum.Furthermore,the results of ELISPOT and in vivo blocking strategies further confirmed that the antitumor immune response is acquired by CD4 and CD8 T immune responses,primarily dependent on CD4 Th1 immune response,not NK innate immune response.The combination of PD-1 blockade with GM-CSF secretion potency creates a novel tumor cell vaccine immunotherapy,affording significantly improved antitumor responses by releasing the state of immunosuppressive microenvironment and augmenting the tumor-reactive T-cell responses.
基金partly supported by the Joint Funds of NSFCGuangdong of China under Grant (No.U1132002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31270974,31470271)the Technologies R & D Program of Guangdong Province (No.2013A020229004) and Guangzhou city (No.201508020263)
文摘Dear Editor,The dengue virus(DENV)is a single-stranded positivesense RNA virus that belongs to the family Flaviviridae(Gubler,2002),and has four serotypes,DENV1–DENV4,which are transmitted via Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus(Rodriguez-Roche and Gould,2013).It has been reported that more than 50 million dengue infections occur each year(Guzman et al.,2010),and a serious outbreak occurred in the Southern Provinces
文摘Wettability manipulation of glancing angle deposited Fe/Co/Ni nanorod arrays was realized by X-ray irradiation in ultra-high vacuum chamber. Reversible transition was also purchased by alternating ethanol immersion and X-ray irradiation. Alkyl group adsorption-desorption mechanism and corresponding morphology depen- dence of wettability manipulation were revealed.
基金Tenglong Zhong is grateful for the support by the Youth Project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71903003)the Program for Innovation Research in Central University of Finance and Economics+1 种基金Ming Xu is grateflil for support from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development Think Tank Basic Research Project from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(No.2020P05)the Major Project of Research and Interpretation of the Spirit of the 5th Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from the National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences(No.21ZDA021).
文摘Using Chinese microdata from 2000 to 2013,we document how demand shocks in export markets lead multi-product exporters to adjust markups across products.We find that,in response to positive demand shocks,quality-based competitive multi-product firms increase product markups significantly,particularly for core products,whereas cost-based competitive multi-product firms respond by reducing product markups.The reason for this is that positive foreign demand affects markups through two opposite channels:pro-innovative effects and pro-competitive ejfects.Pro-innovative effects are predominant among quality-based competitive multi-product firms,and these firms respond to positive foreign demand shocks by increasing product quality,prices,and markups.Pro-competitive ejfects are predominant among cost-based competitive multi-product firms,and these firms respond to positive foreign demand shocks by lowering product cost,prices,and markups.We demonstrate the presence of these mechanisms empirically.The results imply that firms with different competition strategies should adopt different measures in response to foreign demand shocks.
