Mussel-derived nacre and pearl,which are natural composites composed CaCO3 platelets and interplatelet organic matrix,have recently gained interest due to their osteogenic potential.The crystal form of CaCO3 could be ...Mussel-derived nacre and pearl,which are natural composites composed CaCO3 platelets and interplatelet organic matrix,have recently gained interest due to their osteogenic potential.The crystal form of CaCO3 could be either aragonite or vaterite depending on the characteristics of mineralization template within pearls.So far,little attention has been paid on the different osteogenic capacities between aragonite and vaterite pearl.In the current work,aragonite or vaterite pearl powders were incorporated into poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)scaffold as bio-functional fillers for enhanced osteogenesis.In intro results revealed that PLLA/aragonite scaffold possessed stronger stimulatory effect on SaOS-2 cell proliferation and differentiation,evidenced by the enhanced cell viability,alkaline phosphatase activity,collagen synthesis and gene expressions of osteogenic markers including osteocalcin,osteopotin and bone sialoprotein.The bone regeneration potential of various scaffolds was evaluated in vivo employing a rabbit critical-sized radial bone defect model.The X-ray and micro-CT results showed that significant bone regeneration and bridging were achieved in defects implanted with composite scaffolds,while less bone formation and non-bridging were found for pure PLLA group.Histological evaluation using Masson's trichrome and hematoxylin/eosin(H&E)staining indicated a typical endochondral bone formation process conducted at defect sites treated with composite scaffolds.Through three-point bending test,the limbs implanted with PLLA/aragonite scaffold were found to bear significantly higher bending load compared to other two groups.Together,it is suggested that aragonite pearl has superior osteogenic capacity over vaterite pearl and PLLA/aragonite scaffold can be employed as a potential bone graft for bone regeneration.展开更多
In this work,TieMg metal-metal composites(MMCs)were successfully fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS).In vitro,the proliferation and differentiation of SaOS-2 cells in response to TieMg metal-metal composites(MMC...In this work,TieMg metal-metal composites(MMCs)were successfully fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS).In vitro,the proliferation and differentiation of SaOS-2 cells in response to TieMg metal-metal composites(MMCs)were investigated.In vivo,a rat model with femur condyle defect was employed,and TieMg MMCs implants were embedded into the femur condyles.Results showed that TieMg MMCs exhibited enhanced cytocompatibility to SaOS-2 cells than pure Ti.The micro-computed tomography(Micro-CT)results showed that the volume of bone trabecula was significantly more abundant around TieMg implants than around Ti implants,indicating that more active new-bone formed around TieMg MMCs implants.Hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)staining analysis revealed significantly greater osteointegration around TieMg implants than that around Ti implants.展开更多
The development of bone tissue engineering scaffolds still remains a challenging field,although various biomaterials have been developed for this purpose.Electrospinning is a promising approach to fabricate nanofibers...The development of bone tissue engineering scaffolds still remains a challenging field,although various biomaterials have been developed for this purpose.Electrospinning is a promising approach to fabricate nanofibers with an interconnected porous structure,which can support cell adhesion,guide cell proliferation and regulate cell differentiation.The aim of this study is to fabricate composite fibers composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)and silica nanoparticles(NPs)via electrospinning and investigate the effect of PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers on the cellular response of osteoblast-like cells(SaOS-2 cells).SEM and EDX analysis showed that silica NPs were homogenously dispersed in the composite fibers.The mechanical behavior of the fibers showed that silica NPs acted as reinforcements at concentrations of 2.5 and 5 mg/ml.The incorporation of silica NPs led to enhancement of cell attachment and spreading on PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers.SaOS-2 cells cultured on PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers exhibited increased alkaline phosphatase activity,collagen secretion and bone nodules formation.The bone nodules formation of SaOS-2 cells increased along with the amount of incorporated silica NPs.The present findings indicate that PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers can stimulate osteogenic differentiation of SaOS-2 cells and may be a promising candidate scaffold for bone tissue engineering.展开更多
Over the past decades,advancements in nanoscience and nanotechnology have resulted in numerous nanomedicine platforms.Various nanoparticles,which exhibit many unique properties,play increasingly important roles in the...Over the past decades,advancements in nanoscience and nanotechnology have resulted in numerous nanomedicine platforms.Various nanoparticles,which exhibit many unique properties,play increasingly important roles in the field of biomedicine to realize the potential of nanomedicine.Due to the capacity of self-renewal and multilineage mesenchymal differentiation,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been widely used in the area of regenerative medicine and in clinical applications due to their potential to differentiate into various lineages.There are several factors that impact the differentiation of MSCs into different lineages.Many types of biomaterials such as polymers,ceramics,and metals are commonly applied in tissue engineering and regenerative therapies,and they are continuously refined over time.In recent years,along with the rapid development of nanotechnology and nanomedicine,nanoparticles have been playing more and more important roles in the fields of biomedicine and bioengineering.The combined use of nanoparticles and MSCs in biomedicine requires greater knowledge of the effects of nanoparticles on MSCs.This review focuses on the effects of four inorganic or metallic nanoparticles(hydroxyapatite,silica,silver,and calcium carbonate),which are widely used as biomaterials,on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs.In this review,the cytotoxicity of these four nanoparticles,their effects on osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of MSCs and the signalling pathways or transcription factors involved are summarized.In addition,the chemical composition,size,shape,surface area,surface charge and surface chemistry of nanoparticles,have been reported to impact cellular behaviours.In this review,we particularly emphasize the influence of their size on cellular responses.We envision our review will provide a theoretical basis for the combined application of MSCs and nanoparticles in biomedicine.展开更多
Modulating the activation state and degree of macrophages still remains as a challenge for the topographical design of Ti-based implants.In this work,micro/nano-structured coatings were prepared on Ti substrates by mi...Modulating the activation state and degree of macrophages still remains as a challenge for the topographical design of Ti-based implants.In this work,micro/nano-structured coatings were prepared on Ti substrates by micro-arc oxidation(MAO)and subsequent hydrothermal(HT)treatment.By varying the HT conditions,plate-like nano-structures with an average length of 80,440 or 780 nm were obtained on MAO-prepared micro-topographical surfaces.Depending on the dimensional features of nano-plates,the specimens were noted as Micro,Micro/Nano-180,Micro/Nano-440 and Micro/Nano-780,respectively.The in vitro results showed that the activation state and degree of macrophages could be effectively modulated by the micro/nano-structured surfaces with various dimensional features.Compared to the Micro surface,the Micro/Nano-180 surface activated both M1 and M2 phenotype in macrophages,while the Micro/Nano-440 and Micro/Nano-780 surfaces polarized macrophages to their M1 phenotype.The activation degree of M1 macrophages followed the trend:Micro<Micro/Nano-180<Micro/Nano-440<Micro/Nano-780.However,the osteogenic potential of the activated macrophages in response to various surfaces were in the order:Micro≈Micro/Nano-780<Micro/Nano-180<Micro/Nano-440.Together,the findings presented in this work indicate that engineering nano-structures with controllable dimensional features is a promising strategy to modulate macrophage activation state and degree.In addition,it is essential to determine the appropriate activation degree of M1 macrophages for enhanced osteogenesis.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 51361130032 and 51472139） and the Doctor Subject Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China （Grant No. 20120002130002）.
基金the financial support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M630909 and 2019T120711).
文摘Mussel-derived nacre and pearl,which are natural composites composed CaCO3 platelets and interplatelet organic matrix,have recently gained interest due to their osteogenic potential.The crystal form of CaCO3 could be either aragonite or vaterite depending on the characteristics of mineralization template within pearls.So far,little attention has been paid on the different osteogenic capacities between aragonite and vaterite pearl.In the current work,aragonite or vaterite pearl powders were incorporated into poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)scaffold as bio-functional fillers for enhanced osteogenesis.In intro results revealed that PLLA/aragonite scaffold possessed stronger stimulatory effect on SaOS-2 cell proliferation and differentiation,evidenced by the enhanced cell viability,alkaline phosphatase activity,collagen synthesis and gene expressions of osteogenic markers including osteocalcin,osteopotin and bone sialoprotein.The bone regeneration potential of various scaffolds was evaluated in vivo employing a rabbit critical-sized radial bone defect model.The X-ray and micro-CT results showed that significant bone regeneration and bridging were achieved in defects implanted with composite scaffolds,while less bone formation and non-bridging were found for pure PLLA group.Histological evaluation using Masson's trichrome and hematoxylin/eosin(H&E)staining indicated a typical endochondral bone formation process conducted at defect sites treated with composite scaffolds.Through three-point bending test,the limbs implanted with PLLA/aragonite scaffold were found to bear significantly higher bending load compared to other two groups.Together,it is suggested that aragonite pearl has superior osteogenic capacity over vaterite pearl and PLLA/aragonite scaffold can be employed as a potential bone graft for bone regeneration.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar of China(51625404)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M630909).
文摘In this work,TieMg metal-metal composites(MMCs)were successfully fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS).In vitro,the proliferation and differentiation of SaOS-2 cells in response to TieMg metal-metal composites(MMCs)were investigated.In vivo,a rat model with femur condyle defect was employed,and TieMg MMCs implants were embedded into the femur condyles.Results showed that TieMg MMCs exhibited enhanced cytocompatibility to SaOS-2 cells than pure Ti.The micro-computed tomography(Micro-CT)results showed that the volume of bone trabecula was significantly more abundant around TieMg implants than around Ti implants,indicating that more active new-bone formed around TieMg MMCs implants.Hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)staining analysis revealed significantly greater osteointegration around TieMg implants than that around Ti implants.
基金This work was financially supported by Intergovernmental cooperation in science and technology(2016YFE0125300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51472139).
文摘The development of bone tissue engineering scaffolds still remains a challenging field,although various biomaterials have been developed for this purpose.Electrospinning is a promising approach to fabricate nanofibers with an interconnected porous structure,which can support cell adhesion,guide cell proliferation and regulate cell differentiation.The aim of this study is to fabricate composite fibers composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)and silica nanoparticles(NPs)via electrospinning and investigate the effect of PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers on the cellular response of osteoblast-like cells(SaOS-2 cells).SEM and EDX analysis showed that silica NPs were homogenously dispersed in the composite fibers.The mechanical behavior of the fibers showed that silica NPs acted as reinforcements at concentrations of 2.5 and 5 mg/ml.The incorporation of silica NPs led to enhancement of cell attachment and spreading on PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers.SaOS-2 cells cultured on PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers exhibited increased alkaline phosphatase activity,collagen secretion and bone nodules formation.The bone nodules formation of SaOS-2 cells increased along with the amount of incorporated silica NPs.The present findings indicate that PLGA/SiO_(2)composite fibers can stimulate osteogenic differentiation of SaOS-2 cells and may be a promising candidate scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
基金The work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1100100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51472139).
文摘Over the past decades,advancements in nanoscience and nanotechnology have resulted in numerous nanomedicine platforms.Various nanoparticles,which exhibit many unique properties,play increasingly important roles in the field of biomedicine to realize the potential of nanomedicine.Due to the capacity of self-renewal and multilineage mesenchymal differentiation,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been widely used in the area of regenerative medicine and in clinical applications due to their potential to differentiate into various lineages.There are several factors that impact the differentiation of MSCs into different lineages.Many types of biomaterials such as polymers,ceramics,and metals are commonly applied in tissue engineering and regenerative therapies,and they are continuously refined over time.In recent years,along with the rapid development of nanotechnology and nanomedicine,nanoparticles have been playing more and more important roles in the fields of biomedicine and bioengineering.The combined use of nanoparticles and MSCs in biomedicine requires greater knowledge of the effects of nanoparticles on MSCs.This review focuses on the effects of four inorganic or metallic nanoparticles(hydroxyapatite,silica,silver,and calcium carbonate),which are widely used as biomaterials,on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs.In this review,the cytotoxicity of these four nanoparticles,their effects on osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of MSCs and the signalling pathways or transcription factors involved are summarized.In addition,the chemical composition,size,shape,surface area,surface charge and surface chemistry of nanoparticles,have been reported to impact cellular behaviours.In this review,we particularly emphasize the influence of their size on cellular responses.We envision our review will provide a theoretical basis for the combined application of MSCs and nanoparticles in biomedicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51771233,52071346 and 51604104)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2018M633164)+1 种基金Innovation-oriented Advanced Technology and Industrial Technology Program Project of Hunan Province(Grant No.2020SK2017)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2019A1515110736)。
文摘Modulating the activation state and degree of macrophages still remains as a challenge for the topographical design of Ti-based implants.In this work,micro/nano-structured coatings were prepared on Ti substrates by micro-arc oxidation(MAO)and subsequent hydrothermal(HT)treatment.By varying the HT conditions,plate-like nano-structures with an average length of 80,440 or 780 nm were obtained on MAO-prepared micro-topographical surfaces.Depending on the dimensional features of nano-plates,the specimens were noted as Micro,Micro/Nano-180,Micro/Nano-440 and Micro/Nano-780,respectively.The in vitro results showed that the activation state and degree of macrophages could be effectively modulated by the micro/nano-structured surfaces with various dimensional features.Compared to the Micro surface,the Micro/Nano-180 surface activated both M1 and M2 phenotype in macrophages,while the Micro/Nano-440 and Micro/Nano-780 surfaces polarized macrophages to their M1 phenotype.The activation degree of M1 macrophages followed the trend:Micro<Micro/Nano-180<Micro/Nano-440<Micro/Nano-780.However,the osteogenic potential of the activated macrophages in response to various surfaces were in the order:Micro≈Micro/Nano-780<Micro/Nano-180<Micro/Nano-440.Together,the findings presented in this work indicate that engineering nano-structures with controllable dimensional features is a promising strategy to modulate macrophage activation state and degree.In addition,it is essential to determine the appropriate activation degree of M1 macrophages for enhanced osteogenesis.
