Jujube contains abundant cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and the ultrasonic-assisted pectinase extraction(UAPE)conditions for obtaining the maximum cAMP yield from jujube were optimized.Orthogonal array design was...Jujube contains abundant cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and the ultrasonic-assisted pectinase extraction(UAPE)conditions for obtaining the maximum cAMP yield from jujube were optimized.Orthogonal array design was applied to evaluate the effects of 4 variables by UAPE on cAMP yield.The results showed that the optimal cAMP yield(783.0μg/g)was derived at ratio of liquid to solid 5 mL/g,ratio of pectinase to raw material 1.5%,time 60 min and temperature 40℃.Moreover,the effect of cAMP on the anti-allergic function of action induced by immunoglobulin E(IgE)and its meschanism was investigated through establishing the sensitized cell model in rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2 H3)cells using dinitrophenylated(DNP)-bovine serum albumin(BSA)-IgE.The results showed that cAMP interfered with sensitized cells,effectively inhibited the occurrence of basophil degranulation in dose dependence,and significantly reduced the activity ofβ-hexosamindase(β-hex),at the optimal concentration of 50μg/mL.The level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10(IL-10)was promoted and the content of pro-inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)was suppressed by cAMP.In addition,influx of intracellular Ca^(2+) was repressed effectively.Our results demonstrate that jujube cAMP regulated the cytokine balance in the allergy pathway through blocking the influx of extracellular Ca^(2+),with the prevention of allergy symptoms.展开更多
Extensive migmatization and large-scale post-collisional intrusions occurred in the Dabie orogen, east-central China,during the Early Cretaceous, characterized by distinct deformation preserved in migmatites in the No...Extensive migmatization and large-scale post-collisional intrusions occurred in the Dabie orogen, east-central China,during the Early Cretaceous, characterized by distinct deformation preserved in migmatites in the North Dabie Complex unit.The North Dabie Complex unit can be subdivided into three areas based on detailed field observations: the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, the Luotian area and the Yuexi area. Banded migmatites crop out in the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton while anisotropically deformed migmatites occur in the Luotian area, and both types coexist in the Yuexi area. Microscopy reveals similar micro-structures are in migmatites from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, the Yuexi area and border of the Luotian area, while static recrystallization appears in migmatites from the core of the Luotian area. The Lattice-Preferred Orientation of dynamically recrystallized quartz grains in the migmatites are measured using electron backscattered diffraction,revealing prism <a> slip or <c> slip in migmatite from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton and the Yuexi area and in one sample from the Luotian area. A Type I crossed girdle is developed in another sample from the Luotian area, indicating top-to-the-SE shearing that developed under greenschist facies conditions. Zircon U-Pb dates from four migmatites reveal that mainly Early Cretaceous ages are from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, only four Early Cretaceous ages are from the Luotian area, and all zircons from the Yuexi area record Indosinian metamorphic ages. Although zircon U-Pb results show multiple migmatization events, all samples record a migmatization age of about 132 Ma, suggesting an orogen-scale event at that time. The subsolidus deformation in migmatites indicates that deformation were soon after migmatization. Overall, this study shows that deformation in migmatites of the North Dabie Complex unit occurred somewhat later than the migmatization(~132 Ma) at about 131 Ma. The most likely mechanism for thinning of the thickened crust in the Dabie orogen involved removal of the upper along the detachment fault and ductile adjustment of lower crust during development of the North Dabie metamorphic core complex.展开更多
The Hefei Basin of eastern China developed in response to uplift of the Dabie Orogen,and zircon dating can be used to assess the exhumation history of the orogen.Zircons were collected from samples of the Lower Jurass...The Hefei Basin of eastern China developed in response to uplift of the Dabie Orogen,and zircon dating can be used to assess the exhumation history of the orogen.Zircons were collected from samples of the Lower Jurassic Fanghushan Formation and Middle Jurassic Sanjianpu Formation in the southern Hefei Basin,and mica-quartz schist and biotite granite gneiss from the Susong Complex of the Dabie Orogen.The zircon U-Pb dating was undertaken using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.The detrital zircons from conglomerates of the Fanghushan Formation and from clasts within the conglomerates have age-frequency distributions with the main clusters between 2.0 and 1.8 Ga,similar to age data of the Susong Complex.On the other hand,the zircons of the Fanghushan Formation do not show the age cluster at 1000–900 Ma that characterizes zircons in the underlying metasediments of the lower Paleozoic Foziling Group.A cluster of Triassic zircon ages also appears in the arkosic sandstones of the Fanghushan Formation.These data indicate that the provenance of the Fanghushan Formation was a mixture of high-pressure(HP)and ultrahigh-pressure(UHP)Triassic metamorphic rocks,Paleozoic magmatic rocks,and the Susong Complex,but not the lower Paleozoic Foziling Group even though it directly underlies the sediments of the Hefei Basin.Two samples from the Sanjianpu Formation show zircon age clusters at 797 and 791 Ma(middle Neoproterozoic)and 226 Ma(Triassic),and again,these are markedly different from the age clusters that characterize the Foziling Group.It seems,therefore,that despite the Foziling Group being at the surface in the underwater depositional area of the Hefei Basin,it was not exposed in the source area of the Hefei basinal sediments during the Jurassic,and there are two possible reasons for this.First,the exhumation of the Dabie Orogen was directed partly towards the north,in the process of which some of the Foziling Group was covered.Second,the Susong Complex rocks became involved in the development of an accretionary wedge,thus covering some of the Foziling Group during the process of subduction.展开更多
基金supported by grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1602201)the Open Research Fund Program of Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development,Beijing Technology and Business University(PRRD-2021-YB8)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Fund(31601395)the Key Program for Shaanxi Science and Technology(2020NY-146)。
文摘Jujube contains abundant cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and the ultrasonic-assisted pectinase extraction(UAPE)conditions for obtaining the maximum cAMP yield from jujube were optimized.Orthogonal array design was applied to evaluate the effects of 4 variables by UAPE on cAMP yield.The results showed that the optimal cAMP yield(783.0μg/g)was derived at ratio of liquid to solid 5 mL/g,ratio of pectinase to raw material 1.5%,time 60 min and temperature 40℃.Moreover,the effect of cAMP on the anti-allergic function of action induced by immunoglobulin E(IgE)and its meschanism was investigated through establishing the sensitized cell model in rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2 H3)cells using dinitrophenylated(DNP)-bovine serum albumin(BSA)-IgE.The results showed that cAMP interfered with sensitized cells,effectively inhibited the occurrence of basophil degranulation in dose dependence,and significantly reduced the activity ofβ-hexosamindase(β-hex),at the optimal concentration of 50μg/mL.The level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10(IL-10)was promoted and the content of pro-inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)was suppressed by cAMP.In addition,influx of intracellular Ca^(2+) was repressed effectively.Our results demonstrate that jujube cAMP regulated the cytokine balance in the allergy pathway through blocking the influx of extracellular Ca^(2+),with the prevention of allergy symptoms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41572186, 41541045)
文摘Extensive migmatization and large-scale post-collisional intrusions occurred in the Dabie orogen, east-central China,during the Early Cretaceous, characterized by distinct deformation preserved in migmatites in the North Dabie Complex unit.The North Dabie Complex unit can be subdivided into three areas based on detailed field observations: the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, the Luotian area and the Yuexi area. Banded migmatites crop out in the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton while anisotropically deformed migmatites occur in the Luotian area, and both types coexist in the Yuexi area. Microscopy reveals similar micro-structures are in migmatites from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, the Yuexi area and border of the Luotian area, while static recrystallization appears in migmatites from the core of the Luotian area. The Lattice-Preferred Orientation of dynamically recrystallized quartz grains in the migmatites are measured using electron backscattered diffraction,revealing prism <a> slip or <c> slip in migmatite from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton and the Yuexi area and in one sample from the Luotian area. A Type I crossed girdle is developed in another sample from the Luotian area, indicating top-to-the-SE shearing that developed under greenschist facies conditions. Zircon U-Pb dates from four migmatites reveal that mainly Early Cretaceous ages are from the north of the Tiantangzhai pluton, only four Early Cretaceous ages are from the Luotian area, and all zircons from the Yuexi area record Indosinian metamorphic ages. Although zircon U-Pb results show multiple migmatization events, all samples record a migmatization age of about 132 Ma, suggesting an orogen-scale event at that time. The subsolidus deformation in migmatites indicates that deformation were soon after migmatization. Overall, this study shows that deformation in migmatites of the North Dabie Complex unit occurred somewhat later than the migmatization(~132 Ma) at about 131 Ma. The most likely mechanism for thinning of the thickened crust in the Dabie orogen involved removal of the upper along the detachment fault and ductile adjustment of lower crust during development of the North Dabie metamorphic core complex.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41572186&41872216)。
文摘The Hefei Basin of eastern China developed in response to uplift of the Dabie Orogen,and zircon dating can be used to assess the exhumation history of the orogen.Zircons were collected from samples of the Lower Jurassic Fanghushan Formation and Middle Jurassic Sanjianpu Formation in the southern Hefei Basin,and mica-quartz schist and biotite granite gneiss from the Susong Complex of the Dabie Orogen.The zircon U-Pb dating was undertaken using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.The detrital zircons from conglomerates of the Fanghushan Formation and from clasts within the conglomerates have age-frequency distributions with the main clusters between 2.0 and 1.8 Ga,similar to age data of the Susong Complex.On the other hand,the zircons of the Fanghushan Formation do not show the age cluster at 1000–900 Ma that characterizes zircons in the underlying metasediments of the lower Paleozoic Foziling Group.A cluster of Triassic zircon ages also appears in the arkosic sandstones of the Fanghushan Formation.These data indicate that the provenance of the Fanghushan Formation was a mixture of high-pressure(HP)and ultrahigh-pressure(UHP)Triassic metamorphic rocks,Paleozoic magmatic rocks,and the Susong Complex,but not the lower Paleozoic Foziling Group even though it directly underlies the sediments of the Hefei Basin.Two samples from the Sanjianpu Formation show zircon age clusters at 797 and 791 Ma(middle Neoproterozoic)and 226 Ma(Triassic),and again,these are markedly different from the age clusters that characterize the Foziling Group.It seems,therefore,that despite the Foziling Group being at the surface in the underwater depositional area of the Hefei Basin,it was not exposed in the source area of the Hefei basinal sediments during the Jurassic,and there are two possible reasons for this.First,the exhumation of the Dabie Orogen was directed partly towards the north,in the process of which some of the Foziling Group was covered.Second,the Susong Complex rocks became involved in the development of an accretionary wedge,thus covering some of the Foziling Group during the process of subduction.
