Lakes play important roles in sustaining the ecosystem and economic development in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China,but the spatial patterns and driving mechanisms of water quality in lakes so far remain uncl...Lakes play important roles in sustaining the ecosystem and economic development in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China,but the spatial patterns and driving mechanisms of water quality in lakes so far remain unclear.This study aimed to identify the spatial changes in water quality and the driving factors of seven lakes(Juyanhai Lake,Ulansuhai Lake,Hongjiannao Lake,Daihai Lake,Chagannaoer Lake,Hulun Lake,and Wulannuoer Lake)across the longitudinal axis(from the west to the east)of Inner Mongolia.Large-scale research was conducted using the comprehensive trophic level index(TLI(Σ)),multivariate statistics,and spatial analysis methods.The results showed that most lakes in Inner Mongolia were weakly alkaline.Total dissolved solids and salinity of lake water showed obvious zonation characteristics.Nitrogen and phosphorus were identified as the main pollutants in lakes,with high average concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus being of 4.05 and 0.21 mg/L,respectively.The values of TLI(Σ)ranged from 49.14 to 71.77,indicating varying degrees of lake eutrophication,and phosphorus was the main driver of lake eutrophication.The lakes of Inner Mongolia could be categorized into lakes to the west of Daihai Lake and lakes to the east of Daihai Lake in terms of salinity and TLI(Σ).The salinity levels of lakes to the west of Daihai Lake exceeded those of lakes to the east of Daihai Lake,whereas the opposite trend was observed for lake trophic level.The intensity and mode of anthropogenic activities were the driving factors of the spatial patterns of lake water quality.It is recommended to control the impact of anthropogenic activities on the water quality of lakes in Inner Mongolia to improve lake ecological environment.These findings provide a more thorough understanding of the driving mechanism of the spatial patterns of water quality in lakes of Inner Mongolia,which can be used to develop strategies for lake ecosystem protection and water resources management in this region.展开更多
分类体系完善、药品信息全面的药品知识库能够为临床决策以及临床合理用药提供依据和支持。该文以国内的多个医药资源作为参考和数据来源,建立了药品库知识描述体系和分类体系,对药品进行标准化分类并形成详细的知识描述,构建了多来源...分类体系完善、药品信息全面的药品知识库能够为临床决策以及临床合理用药提供依据和支持。该文以国内的多个医药资源作为参考和数据来源,建立了药品库知识描述体系和分类体系,对药品进行标准化分类并形成详细的知识描述,构建了多来源的中文药品知识库(Chinese Medicine Knowledge Base,CMKB)。所构建的CMKB的分类包括27种一级类别和119种二级类别,从药品的适应证、用法用量等多个层面对14141种药品进行描述并采用BiLSTM-CRF和T-BiLSTM-CRF模型将非结构化描述中的疾病实体进行了信息抽取,形成了对药品属性的结构化信息抽取,建立了药品实体与自动抽取的疾病实体之间的知识关联。所构建的CMKB能够与中文医学知识图谱进行连接,扩充药品信息,并能够为智能诊断和医疗问答等提供知识基础。展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC3201203)the Major Science and Technology Projects of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2020ZD0009)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51869014)the Open Project Program of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resources Use of the Mongolian Plateau(KF2020006)the Special Funds for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Postgraduates in Inner Mongolia University(11200-121024).
文摘Lakes play important roles in sustaining the ecosystem and economic development in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China,but the spatial patterns and driving mechanisms of water quality in lakes so far remain unclear.This study aimed to identify the spatial changes in water quality and the driving factors of seven lakes(Juyanhai Lake,Ulansuhai Lake,Hongjiannao Lake,Daihai Lake,Chagannaoer Lake,Hulun Lake,and Wulannuoer Lake)across the longitudinal axis(from the west to the east)of Inner Mongolia.Large-scale research was conducted using the comprehensive trophic level index(TLI(Σ)),multivariate statistics,and spatial analysis methods.The results showed that most lakes in Inner Mongolia were weakly alkaline.Total dissolved solids and salinity of lake water showed obvious zonation characteristics.Nitrogen and phosphorus were identified as the main pollutants in lakes,with high average concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus being of 4.05 and 0.21 mg/L,respectively.The values of TLI(Σ)ranged from 49.14 to 71.77,indicating varying degrees of lake eutrophication,and phosphorus was the main driver of lake eutrophication.The lakes of Inner Mongolia could be categorized into lakes to the west of Daihai Lake and lakes to the east of Daihai Lake in terms of salinity and TLI(Σ).The salinity levels of lakes to the west of Daihai Lake exceeded those of lakes to the east of Daihai Lake,whereas the opposite trend was observed for lake trophic level.The intensity and mode of anthropogenic activities were the driving factors of the spatial patterns of lake water quality.It is recommended to control the impact of anthropogenic activities on the water quality of lakes in Inner Mongolia to improve lake ecological environment.These findings provide a more thorough understanding of the driving mechanism of the spatial patterns of water quality in lakes of Inner Mongolia,which can be used to develop strategies for lake ecosystem protection and water resources management in this region.
文摘分类体系完善、药品信息全面的药品知识库能够为临床决策以及临床合理用药提供依据和支持。该文以国内的多个医药资源作为参考和数据来源,建立了药品库知识描述体系和分类体系,对药品进行标准化分类并形成详细的知识描述,构建了多来源的中文药品知识库(Chinese Medicine Knowledge Base,CMKB)。所构建的CMKB的分类包括27种一级类别和119种二级类别,从药品的适应证、用法用量等多个层面对14141种药品进行描述并采用BiLSTM-CRF和T-BiLSTM-CRF模型将非结构化描述中的疾病实体进行了信息抽取,形成了对药品属性的结构化信息抽取,建立了药品实体与自动抽取的疾病实体之间的知识关联。所构建的CMKB能够与中文医学知识图谱进行连接,扩充药品信息,并能够为智能诊断和医疗问答等提供知识基础。
