The use of sewage water for agricultural purpose has tremendously increased during the last few years due to shortage of water availability, especially in semi-arid regions. Despite of many nutrients recycling advanta...The use of sewage water for agricultural purpose has tremendously increased during the last few years due to shortage of water availability, especially in semi-arid regions. Despite of many nutrients recycling advantages of sewage water, farmers are not fully aware of its harmful chemical composition. Heavy metals toxicity in soil and crops results from the long term use of sewage effluent for irrigation purposes. The present study was conducted to assess effect of sewage water on the uptake of Ni, Pb and Mn in different forage species with respect to the nutrient requirement of the grazing ruminants inSargodha,Punjab,Pakistan. Five samples each of six fodder species viz., Trifolium alexandrinum, Cichorium intybus, Avena sativa, Medicago polymorpha, Brassica campestris and Medicago sativa were collected from three fields irrigated with canal water, mix water (canal plus sewage water) and sewage water respectively. Pb, Ni and Mn concentration in the forage species during different treatments varied from 0.624 to1.672 mg/g, 7.364 to 10.17 mg/g and 5.136 to 12.422 mg/kg respectively. High value of Pb and Mn concentrations was observed during sewage water treatment. Lead is a non-essential element and is a very toxic metal. But in the present investigation Ni and Pb level in forages were below the toxic level, so the ruminants feeding on these forage species had no chance of Pb and Ni toxicity. On the other hand, Mn concentration in the forage species under observation was below the critical level. So the grazing animals at this location need continued mineral supplementation of Mn to prevent diseases caused by Mn deficiency, and to support optimum animal productivity. The objective of this study was to examine the potential for forage analysis as indicators of likely mineral deficiencies or excesses of grazing livestock during different sewage water treatments.展开更多
Understanding the relationship between the properties and performance of black titanium dioxide with core-shell structure(CSBT)for environmental remediation is crucial for improving its prospects in practical applicat...Understanding the relationship between the properties and performance of black titanium dioxide with core-shell structure(CSBT)for environmental remediation is crucial for improving its prospects in practical applications.In this study,CSBT was synthesized using a glycerol-assisted sol-gel approach.The effect of different water-to-glycerol ratios(W:G=1:0,9:1,2:1,and 1:1)on the semiconducting and physicochemical properties of CSBT was investigated.The effectiveness of CSBT in removing phenolic compounds(PHCs)from real agro-industrial wastewater was studied.The CSBT synthesized with a W:G ratio of 9:1 has optimized properties for enhanced removal of PHCs.It has a distinct coreshell structure and an appropriate amount of Ti3+cations(11.18%),which play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of CSBT.When exposed to visible light,the CSBT performed better:48.30%of PHCs were removed after 180 min,compared to only 21.95%for TiO_(2) without core-shell structure.The CSBT consumed only 45.5235 kWh/m^(3) of electrical energy per order of magnitude and cost$2.4127 per unit volume of treated agro-industrial wastewater.Under the conditions tested,the CSBT demonstrated exceptional stability and reusability.The CSBT showed promising results in the treatment of phenols-containing agro-industrial wastewater.展开更多
The problem of reconstructing the spatial support of an extended radiating electric current source density in a lossy dielectric medium from transient boundary measurements of the electric fields is studied. A time re...The problem of reconstructing the spatial support of an extended radiating electric current source density in a lossy dielectric medium from transient boundary measurements of the electric fields is studied. A time reversal algorithm is proposed to localize a source density from loss-less wave-field measurements. Further, in order to recover source densities in a lossy medium, we first build attenuation operators thereby relating loss-less waves with lossy ones. Then based on asymptotic expansions of attenuation operators with respect to attenuation parameter, we propose two time reversal strategies for localization. The losses in electromagnetic wave propagation are incorporated using the Debye's complex permittivity, which is well-adopted for low frequencies(radio and microwave) associated with polarization in dielectrics.展开更多
文摘The use of sewage water for agricultural purpose has tremendously increased during the last few years due to shortage of water availability, especially in semi-arid regions. Despite of many nutrients recycling advantages of sewage water, farmers are not fully aware of its harmful chemical composition. Heavy metals toxicity in soil and crops results from the long term use of sewage effluent for irrigation purposes. The present study was conducted to assess effect of sewage water on the uptake of Ni, Pb and Mn in different forage species with respect to the nutrient requirement of the grazing ruminants inSargodha,Punjab,Pakistan. Five samples each of six fodder species viz., Trifolium alexandrinum, Cichorium intybus, Avena sativa, Medicago polymorpha, Brassica campestris and Medicago sativa were collected from three fields irrigated with canal water, mix water (canal plus sewage water) and sewage water respectively. Pb, Ni and Mn concentration in the forage species during different treatments varied from 0.624 to1.672 mg/g, 7.364 to 10.17 mg/g and 5.136 to 12.422 mg/kg respectively. High value of Pb and Mn concentrations was observed during sewage water treatment. Lead is a non-essential element and is a very toxic metal. But in the present investigation Ni and Pb level in forages were below the toxic level, so the ruminants feeding on these forage species had no chance of Pb and Ni toxicity. On the other hand, Mn concentration in the forage species under observation was below the critical level. So the grazing animals at this location need continued mineral supplementation of Mn to prevent diseases caused by Mn deficiency, and to support optimum animal productivity. The objective of this study was to examine the potential for forage analysis as indicators of likely mineral deficiencies or excesses of grazing livestock during different sewage water treatments.
基金funding from Researchers Supporting Project number(RSP2023R399),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia。
文摘Understanding the relationship between the properties and performance of black titanium dioxide with core-shell structure(CSBT)for environmental remediation is crucial for improving its prospects in practical applications.In this study,CSBT was synthesized using a glycerol-assisted sol-gel approach.The effect of different water-to-glycerol ratios(W:G=1:0,9:1,2:1,and 1:1)on the semiconducting and physicochemical properties of CSBT was investigated.The effectiveness of CSBT in removing phenolic compounds(PHCs)from real agro-industrial wastewater was studied.The CSBT synthesized with a W:G ratio of 9:1 has optimized properties for enhanced removal of PHCs.It has a distinct coreshell structure and an appropriate amount of Ti3+cations(11.18%),which play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of CSBT.When exposed to visible light,the CSBT performed better:48.30%of PHCs were removed after 180 min,compared to only 21.95%for TiO_(2) without core-shell structure.The CSBT consumed only 45.5235 kWh/m^(3) of electrical energy per order of magnitude and cost$2.4127 per unit volume of treated agro-industrial wastewater.Under the conditions tested,the CSBT demonstrated exceptional stability and reusability.The CSBT showed promising results in the treatment of phenols-containing agro-industrial wastewater.
文摘The problem of reconstructing the spatial support of an extended radiating electric current source density in a lossy dielectric medium from transient boundary measurements of the electric fields is studied. A time reversal algorithm is proposed to localize a source density from loss-less wave-field measurements. Further, in order to recover source densities in a lossy medium, we first build attenuation operators thereby relating loss-less waves with lossy ones. Then based on asymptotic expansions of attenuation operators with respect to attenuation parameter, we propose two time reversal strategies for localization. The losses in electromagnetic wave propagation are incorporated using the Debye's complex permittivity, which is well-adopted for low frequencies(radio and microwave) associated with polarization in dielectrics.
