“A Craftsman Must Sharpen His Tools to Do His Job,”said Confucius.Nuclear detection and readout techniques are the foundation of particle physics,nuclear physics,and particle astrophysics to reveal the nature of the...“A Craftsman Must Sharpen His Tools to Do His Job,”said Confucius.Nuclear detection and readout techniques are the foundation of particle physics,nuclear physics,and particle astrophysics to reveal the nature of the universe.Also,they are being increasingly used in other disciplines like nuclear power generation,life sciences,environmental sciences,medical sciences,etc.The article reviews the short history,recent development,and trend of nuclear detection and readout techniques,covering Semiconductor Detector,Gaseous Detector,Scintillation Detector,Cherenkov Detector,Transition Radiation Detector,and Readout Techniques.By explaining the principle and using examples,we hope to help the interested reader underst and this research field and bring exciting information to the community.展开更多
Star sensors are indispensable spatial measurement sensors for high-resolution earth observation and astronomical observations, and the demand for high measurement accuracy of satellite sensors continues to increase; ...Star sensors are indispensable spatial measurement sensors for high-resolution earth observation and astronomical observations, and the demand for high measurement accuracy of satellite sensors continues to increase; thus, the star sensor optical machine adjustment error cannot be ignored. The commonly used installation error correction method cannot solely meet the precision analysis requirements. In this paper, the relationship between the optical machine installation and the star sensor measurement error is analyzed, and several common adjustment error correction methods are compared. An adjustment method for optical machines is proposed to meet the requirements of very high precision star sensors. The assembly precision requirements of the investigated very high precision star sensor are analyzed considering the whole machine, and then the optical components are controlled through optical precision adjustments to satisfy the precision requirements. Finally, through the complete machine calibration, the star sensor precision adjustment for an optical machine structure is verified. This method meets the requirements of very high precision sensors and is suitable for the precision adjustment of optical machine structures, which is of practical significance to improve the precision of star sensors.展开更多
Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPBs)can promote plant growth and improve crop yield.They can induce plant systemic resistance to resist biotic and abiotic stresses.In recent years,with the development of green ecolo...Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPBs)can promote plant growth and improve crop yield.They can induce plant systemic resistance to resist biotic and abiotic stresses.In recent years,with the development of green ecological agriculture,new biological fertilizers such as microbial inocula and microbial fertilizers based on PGPBs have been gradually applied in crop planting.Based on plant growth promotion and disease control,the application progress of PGPBs in crops from the aspects of growth promotion mechanism,growth promotion effect,resistance to biological and abiotic stresses were discussed,aiming to provide reference for the relevant research and application of PGPBs in crops.展开更多
Existing research models can neither indicate the availability of shared bikes nor detect unusable ones owing to a lack of information on bike maintenance and failure.To improve awareness regarding the availability of...Existing research models can neither indicate the availability of shared bikes nor detect unusable ones owing to a lack of information on bike maintenance and failure.To improve awareness regarding the availability of shared bikes,we propose an innovative approach for detecting unusable shared bikes based on reinforcement learning and the PageRank algorithm.The proposed method identifies unusable shared bikes depending on the local travel data and provides a ranking of the shared bikes according to their availability levels.Given a sliding time window,the value function for the reinforcement learning model was determined by considering the cumulative number of unavailable shared bikes,the proportion of rental cancelations at the same stations,and the mean time between the cancelations.Reinforcement learning was then used to identify shared bikes with the worst availability.An availability ranking for the shared bikes below the reward threshold was performed using the PageRank algorithm.The proposed detection approach was applied to a trip dataset of a real-world bike-sharing system to illustrate the modeling process and its effectiveness.The detection results of unusable shared bikes in the absence of failure and feedback data can provide essential information to support the maintenance management decisions regarding shared bikes.展开更多
Purpose:The purpose of the research is to investigate public needs for digital information service in the Chinese libraries and museums and seek ways to help these public service institutions improve their service to ...Purpose:The purpose of the research is to investigate public needs for digital information service in the Chinese libraries and museums and seek ways to help these public service institutions improve their service to meet user needs.Design/methodology/approach:An online questionnaire survey was used to study the publicneeds for digital information service provided by libraries and museums.A total of 474 valid questionnaires were retrieved for analysis.Findings:The primary purpose of using the digital library and museum service was for knowledge acquisition,followed by work or class assignment and leisure and entertainment.Users need one-stop information service that provides information and service in a more integrated form and allows cross-database searching as well.Research limitations:A majority of the respondents were young and middle-aged people who often use the Internet.We would need to increase our sample size and include different groups of users such as children and retirees to make the sample more representative.Practical implications:Libraries and museums should collaborate to provide the users with one-stop digital information service.Meanwhile,the research can serve as a reference source for the future studies of digital library and museum service.Originality/value:Few studies were published on the public needs for digital library and museum service in China.This study bridges the gap and contributes to our understanding of the Chinese users' needs for digital information service in libraries and museums.展开更多
With the advances in genomics and bioinformatics,particularly the extensive application of high-throughput sequencing technology,a large number of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)have been discovered,of which long ncRNAs(lncRN...With the advances in genomics and bioinformatics,particularly the extensive application of high-throughput sequencing technology,a large number of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)have been discovered,of which long ncRNAs(lncRNAs)refer to a class of transcripts that are more than 200 nucleotides in length.Accumulating evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs play significant roles in a wide range of biological processes,including regulating plant growth and development as well as modulating biotic and abiotic stress responses.Although the study of lncRNAs has been a hotspot of biological research in recent years,the functional characteristics of plant lncRNAs are still in their initial phase and face great challenges.Here,we summarize the characteristics and screening methods of lncRNAs and highlight their biological functions in major vegetable crops,including tomato,Brassica genus crops,cucumber,pepper,carrot,radish,potato,and spinach,which are implicated in the interaction of lncRNAs and miRNAs.This review enhances the understanding of lncRNAs'roles and can guide crop improvement programs in the future.展开更多
There exists an increasing need for Milli-Arc-Seconds(MAS)accuracy pointing measurement for current and future space systems.To meet the 0.1″space pointing measurement accuracy requirements of spacecraft in future,th...There exists an increasing need for Milli-Arc-Seconds(MAS)accuracy pointing measurement for current and future space systems.To meet the 0.1″space pointing measurement accuracy requirements of spacecraft in future,the influence of spacecraft micro-vibration on a 0.1″Space Pointing Measuring Instrument(SPMI)is studied.A Quasi-Zero Stiffness Device(QZSD)with adaptive adjustment and variable stroke was proposed.Then,a series of micro-vibration experiments of the SPMI were carried out.The influence of the micro-vibration generated by Guidance Navigation Control(GNC)attitude control components under different attitudes on the SPMI was analyzed.Point spread function of image motion in micro-vibration was also derived.Further,the changes of image motion under the micro-vibration environment were evaluated by extracting the gray centroid of the images,and the experiment processes and results are deeply discussed.The results show that the firstorder frequency of the QZSD system is 0.114 Hz,and it is induced by a double pendulum system;the image motion of single flywheel spinning reached 0.015 pixels;whilst the image motion reached 0.03 pixels when three flywheels are combined spinning.These latest findings provide a beneficial theoretical and technical support for the development of spacecraft with 0·1″pointing accuracy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12222512,U2032209,12075045,12335011,1875097,11975257,62074146,11975115,12205374,12305210,11975292,12005276,12005278,12375193,12227805,12235012,12375191,12005279)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1601300)+13 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34000000)the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talent Programthe CAS“Light of West China”Programthe Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.101300261)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund(2023JJ12GX013)the Special Projects of the Central Government in Guidance of Local Science and Technology Development(Research and development of three-dimensional prospecting technology based on Cosmic-ray muons)(YDZX20216200001297)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Gansu(20JR10RA645)the Lanzhou University Talent Cooperation Research Funds sponsored by both Lanzhou City(561121203)the Gansu provincial science and technology plan projects for talents(054000029)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.1232033)the Beijing Hope Run Special Fund of Cancer Foundation of China(No.LC2021B23)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2020B0301030008)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.GJJSTD20210009)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2021450)。
文摘“A Craftsman Must Sharpen His Tools to Do His Job,”said Confucius.Nuclear detection and readout techniques are the foundation of particle physics,nuclear physics,and particle astrophysics to reveal the nature of the universe.Also,they are being increasingly used in other disciplines like nuclear power generation,life sciences,environmental sciences,medical sciences,etc.The article reviews the short history,recent development,and trend of nuclear detection and readout techniques,covering Semiconductor Detector,Gaseous Detector,Scintillation Detector,Cherenkov Detector,Transition Radiation Detector,and Readout Techniques.By explaining the principle and using examples,we hope to help the interested reader underst and this research field and bring exciting information to the community.
文摘Star sensors are indispensable spatial measurement sensors for high-resolution earth observation and astronomical observations, and the demand for high measurement accuracy of satellite sensors continues to increase; thus, the star sensor optical machine adjustment error cannot be ignored. The commonly used installation error correction method cannot solely meet the precision analysis requirements. In this paper, the relationship between the optical machine installation and the star sensor measurement error is analyzed, and several common adjustment error correction methods are compared. An adjustment method for optical machines is proposed to meet the requirements of very high precision star sensors. The assembly precision requirements of the investigated very high precision star sensor are analyzed considering the whole machine, and then the optical components are controlled through optical precision adjustments to satisfy the precision requirements. Finally, through the complete machine calibration, the star sensor precision adjustment for an optical machine structure is verified. This method meets the requirements of very high precision sensors and is suitable for the precision adjustment of optical machine structures, which is of practical significance to improve the precision of star sensors.
基金Supported by Hebei Provincial Key R&D projects(21327306D)Hebei Provincial Key R&D projects(20326807D)Chengde Science and Technology Research and Development Planning Project(202103B003).
文摘Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPBs)can promote plant growth and improve crop yield.They can induce plant systemic resistance to resist biotic and abiotic stresses.In recent years,with the development of green ecological agriculture,new biological fertilizers such as microbial inocula and microbial fertilizers based on PGPBs have been gradually applied in crop planting.Based on plant growth promotion and disease control,the application progress of PGPBs in crops from the aspects of growth promotion mechanism,growth promotion effect,resistance to biological and abiotic stresses were discussed,aiming to provide reference for the relevant research and application of PGPBs in crops.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(G.Nos.71961025 and 71910107002)Natural Science Foundation of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(G.No.2019MS07020)Young Talents of Science and Technology in the Universities of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(G.No.NJYT-20-B08).
文摘Existing research models can neither indicate the availability of shared bikes nor detect unusable ones owing to a lack of information on bike maintenance and failure.To improve awareness regarding the availability of shared bikes,we propose an innovative approach for detecting unusable shared bikes based on reinforcement learning and the PageRank algorithm.The proposed method identifies unusable shared bikes depending on the local travel data and provides a ranking of the shared bikes according to their availability levels.Given a sliding time window,the value function for the reinforcement learning model was determined by considering the cumulative number of unavailable shared bikes,the proportion of rental cancelations at the same stations,and the mean time between the cancelations.Reinforcement learning was then used to identify shared bikes with the worst availability.An availability ranking for the shared bikes below the reward threshold was performed using the PageRank algorithm.The proposed detection approach was applied to a trip dataset of a real-world bike-sharing system to illustrate the modeling process and its effectiveness.The detection results of unusable shared bikes in the absence of failure and feedback data can provide essential information to support the maintenance management decisions regarding shared bikes.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:13ATQ001)
文摘Purpose:The purpose of the research is to investigate public needs for digital information service in the Chinese libraries and museums and seek ways to help these public service institutions improve their service to meet user needs.Design/methodology/approach:An online questionnaire survey was used to study the publicneeds for digital information service provided by libraries and museums.A total of 474 valid questionnaires were retrieved for analysis.Findings:The primary purpose of using the digital library and museum service was for knowledge acquisition,followed by work or class assignment and leisure and entertainment.Users need one-stop information service that provides information and service in a more integrated form and allows cross-database searching as well.Research limitations:A majority of the respondents were young and middle-aged people who often use the Internet.We would need to increase our sample size and include different groups of users such as children and retirees to make the sample more representative.Practical implications:Libraries and museums should collaborate to provide the users with one-stop digital information service.Meanwhile,the research can serve as a reference source for the future studies of digital library and museum service.Originality/value:Few studies were published on the public needs for digital library and museum service in China.This study bridges the gap and contributes to our understanding of the Chinese users' needs for digital information service in libraries and museums.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172583)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei (C2021209005,C2021209019)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M673188,2021T140097).
文摘With the advances in genomics and bioinformatics,particularly the extensive application of high-throughput sequencing technology,a large number of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)have been discovered,of which long ncRNAs(lncRNAs)refer to a class of transcripts that are more than 200 nucleotides in length.Accumulating evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs play significant roles in a wide range of biological processes,including regulating plant growth and development as well as modulating biotic and abiotic stress responses.Although the study of lncRNAs has been a hotspot of biological research in recent years,the functional characteristics of plant lncRNAs are still in their initial phase and face great challenges.Here,we summarize the characteristics and screening methods of lncRNAs and highlight their biological functions in major vegetable crops,including tomato,Brassica genus crops,cucumber,pepper,carrot,radish,potato,and spinach,which are implicated in the interaction of lncRNAs and miRNAs.This review enhances the understanding of lncRNAs'roles and can guide crop improvement programs in the future.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51905034,52275083)。
文摘There exists an increasing need for Milli-Arc-Seconds(MAS)accuracy pointing measurement for current and future space systems.To meet the 0.1″space pointing measurement accuracy requirements of spacecraft in future,the influence of spacecraft micro-vibration on a 0.1″Space Pointing Measuring Instrument(SPMI)is studied.A Quasi-Zero Stiffness Device(QZSD)with adaptive adjustment and variable stroke was proposed.Then,a series of micro-vibration experiments of the SPMI were carried out.The influence of the micro-vibration generated by Guidance Navigation Control(GNC)attitude control components under different attitudes on the SPMI was analyzed.Point spread function of image motion in micro-vibration was also derived.Further,the changes of image motion under the micro-vibration environment were evaluated by extracting the gray centroid of the images,and the experiment processes and results are deeply discussed.The results show that the firstorder frequency of the QZSD system is 0.114 Hz,and it is induced by a double pendulum system;the image motion of single flywheel spinning reached 0.015 pixels;whilst the image motion reached 0.03 pixels when three flywheels are combined spinning.These latest findings provide a beneficial theoretical and technical support for the development of spacecraft with 0·1″pointing accuracy.
