AIM:To investigate the chest radiographic and high resolution computed tomography(HRCT)chest manifestations in glucocorticoid-naive allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA)patients.METHODS:This is a prospective o...AIM:To investigate the chest radiographic and high resolution computed tomography(HRCT)chest manifestations in glucocorticoid-naive allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA)patients.METHODS:This is a prospective observational study and includes 60 consecutive glucocorticoid-naive patients with ABPA who underwent chest radiography and HRCT of the chest(1.25 mm every 10 mm)in the routine diagnostic workup for ABPA.RESULTS:Chest radiographs were normal in 50%of cases.Of the remainder,most patients demonstrated permanent findings in the form of parallel line and ring shadows suggesting bronchiectasis.Consolidation was detected in 17 cases but in the majority,the corresponding HRCT chest scan showed mucus-filled bronchiectatic cavities.Chest HRCT was normal in 22 patients,while central bronchiectasis(CB)was demonstrated in the remaining 38 patients.Bronchiectasis extended to the periphery in 33%-43%depending on the criteria used for defining CB.The other findings observed on HRCT were mucoid impaction,centrilobular nodules and high-attenuation mucus in decreasing order of frequency.CONCLUSION:Patients with ABPA can present with normal HRCT chest scans.Central bronchiectasis cannot be considered a characteristic feature of ABPA as peripheral bronchiectasis is commonly observed.Consolidation is an uncommon finding in ABPA.展开更多
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA) is a complex hypersensitivity syndrome triggered against antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus,a fungus that most commonly colonizes the airways of patients with bronchial ast...Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA) is a complex hypersensitivity syndrome triggered against antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus,a fungus that most commonly colonizes the airways of patients with bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis.It presents clinically with refractory asthma,hemoptysis and systemic manifestations including fever,malaise and weight loss.Radiologically,it presents with central bronchiectasis and recurrent episodes of mucus plugging.The mucus plugs in ABPA are generally hypodense but in up to 20% of patients the mucus can be hyperdense on computed tomography.This paper reviews the literature on the clinical significance of hyperattenuated mucus in patients with ABPA.展开更多
The probability of a radiologist interpreting a disease correctly is not only influenced by their training and experience but also on the knowledge of a particular entity.This editorial reviews certain myths and reali...The probability of a radiologist interpreting a disease correctly is not only influenced by their training and experience but also on the knowledge of a particular entity.This editorial reviews certain myths and realities associated with radiological manifestations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA).ABPA is a hypersensitivity disorder against the antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus.Although commonly manifesting with central bronchiectasis(CB),the disorder can present without any abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) of the chest,so-called serologic ABPA(ABPA-S).HRCT of the chest should not be used in screening or in the initial diagnostic work up of asthmatics,as asthma without ABPA can manifest with findings of CB.High-attenuation mucus(HAM) is the pathognomonic sign of ABPA and is very helpful in the diagnosis of ABPA complicating asthma and cystic fibrosis.Instead of classifying ABPA based on the presence and absence of CB into ABPA-CB and ABPA-S respectively,ABPA should be classif ied as ABPA-S,ABPACB and ABPA-CB-HAM.The classif ication scheme based on HAM not only identifies an immunologically severe disease but also predicts a patient with increased risk of recurrent relapses.展开更多
Hydatid disease is a zoonosis that can involve almost any organ in the human body. After the liver, the lungs are the most common site for hydatid disease in adults. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of th...Hydatid disease is a zoonosis that can involve almost any organ in the human body. After the liver, the lungs are the most common site for hydatid disease in adults. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of the disease, as clinical features are often nonspecific. Classical radiological signs of pulmonary hydatid cysts have been described in the literature, aiding in the diagnosis of the disease. However, complicated hydatid cysts can prove to be a diagnostic challenge at times due to their atypical imaging features. Radiography is the initial imaging modality. Computed tomography can provide a specific diagnosis in complicated cases. Ultrasound is particularly useful in peripheral lung lesions. The role of magnetic resonance imaging largely remains unexplored.展开更多
Pulmonary hemosiderosis is defined as the clinical and functional consequence of iron overload of the lungs,which usually occurs due to recurrent intra-alveolar bleeding.It can manifest as miliary mottling and should ...Pulmonary hemosiderosis is defined as the clinical and functional consequence of iron overload of the lungs,which usually occurs due to recurrent intra-alveolar bleeding.It can manifest as miliary mottling and should be entertained in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with miliary nodules on chest radiography,especially those with mitral stenosis.The management of secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis secondary to valvular heart disease includes valvuloplasty and/or valve replacement.The radiological opacities may disappear with successful treatment of the underlying valvular disease in many patients.However,they may persist with no physiological impairment to the patient.Here,we present a 32-year-old man with mitral stenosis who presented with fever and miliary shadows on chest radiography,which was ultimately diagnosed as secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis.展开更多
Nanowires(NWs)and nanobelts(NBs)have been widely studied and fabricated into a variety of nanoscale devices such as light emitting diodes(LEDs),lasers and biosensors.These unique materials have attracted sustained att...Nanowires(NWs)and nanobelts(NBs)have been widely studied and fabricated into a variety of nanoscale devices such as light emitting diodes(LEDs),lasers and biosensors.These unique materials have attracted sustained attention due to their novel properties,ease of growth,and the ability to fabricate highly engineered devices.However,their widespread application remains hindered due to the difficulty in integrating multiple NWs or NBs together for more complex devices.Integration of multiple NWs and NBs together on the same chip can enable the coupling of different devices to help realize complex on-chip architectures such as photonic integrated circuits or nanoscale diagnostic tools,which currently require outcoupling using larger components.In this letter we report the coupling of on-chip NB LEDs and photodetectors using a single,precisely self-aligned,cadmium sulfide(CdS)NB fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)substrate.Electroluminescence generated by the CdS NB is waveguided and measured across the self-aligned device and demonstrates an on/off ratio of 10^2-10^3.This work describes a new method for fabricating and integrating more complex nanoscale devices that can enable advances in areas such as on-chip optical computational components and nanoscale optical biodiagnostics.展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate the chest radiographic and high resolution computed tomography(HRCT)chest manifestations in glucocorticoid-naive allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA)patients.METHODS:This is a prospective observational study and includes 60 consecutive glucocorticoid-naive patients with ABPA who underwent chest radiography and HRCT of the chest(1.25 mm every 10 mm)in the routine diagnostic workup for ABPA.RESULTS:Chest radiographs were normal in 50%of cases.Of the remainder,most patients demonstrated permanent findings in the form of parallel line and ring shadows suggesting bronchiectasis.Consolidation was detected in 17 cases but in the majority,the corresponding HRCT chest scan showed mucus-filled bronchiectatic cavities.Chest HRCT was normal in 22 patients,while central bronchiectasis(CB)was demonstrated in the remaining 38 patients.Bronchiectasis extended to the periphery in 33%-43%depending on the criteria used for defining CB.The other findings observed on HRCT were mucoid impaction,centrilobular nodules and high-attenuation mucus in decreasing order of frequency.CONCLUSION:Patients with ABPA can present with normal HRCT chest scans.Central bronchiectasis cannot be considered a characteristic feature of ABPA as peripheral bronchiectasis is commonly observed.Consolidation is an uncommon finding in ABPA.
文摘Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA) is a complex hypersensitivity syndrome triggered against antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus,a fungus that most commonly colonizes the airways of patients with bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis.It presents clinically with refractory asthma,hemoptysis and systemic manifestations including fever,malaise and weight loss.Radiologically,it presents with central bronchiectasis and recurrent episodes of mucus plugging.The mucus plugs in ABPA are generally hypodense but in up to 20% of patients the mucus can be hyperdense on computed tomography.This paper reviews the literature on the clinical significance of hyperattenuated mucus in patients with ABPA.
文摘The probability of a radiologist interpreting a disease correctly is not only influenced by their training and experience but also on the knowledge of a particular entity.This editorial reviews certain myths and realities associated with radiological manifestations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA).ABPA is a hypersensitivity disorder against the antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus.Although commonly manifesting with central bronchiectasis(CB),the disorder can present without any abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) of the chest,so-called serologic ABPA(ABPA-S).HRCT of the chest should not be used in screening or in the initial diagnostic work up of asthmatics,as asthma without ABPA can manifest with findings of CB.High-attenuation mucus(HAM) is the pathognomonic sign of ABPA and is very helpful in the diagnosis of ABPA complicating asthma and cystic fibrosis.Instead of classifying ABPA based on the presence and absence of CB into ABPA-CB and ABPA-S respectively,ABPA should be classif ied as ABPA-S,ABPACB and ABPA-CB-HAM.The classif ication scheme based on HAM not only identifies an immunologically severe disease but also predicts a patient with increased risk of recurrent relapses.
文摘Hydatid disease is a zoonosis that can involve almost any organ in the human body. After the liver, the lungs are the most common site for hydatid disease in adults. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of the disease, as clinical features are often nonspecific. Classical radiological signs of pulmonary hydatid cysts have been described in the literature, aiding in the diagnosis of the disease. However, complicated hydatid cysts can prove to be a diagnostic challenge at times due to their atypical imaging features. Radiography is the initial imaging modality. Computed tomography can provide a specific diagnosis in complicated cases. Ultrasound is particularly useful in peripheral lung lesions. The role of magnetic resonance imaging largely remains unexplored.
文摘Pulmonary hemosiderosis is defined as the clinical and functional consequence of iron overload of the lungs,which usually occurs due to recurrent intra-alveolar bleeding.It can manifest as miliary mottling and should be entertained in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with miliary nodules on chest radiography,especially those with mitral stenosis.The management of secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis secondary to valvular heart disease includes valvuloplasty and/or valve replacement.The radiological opacities may disappear with successful treatment of the underlying valvular disease in many patients.However,they may persist with no physiological impairment to the patient.Here,we present a 32-year-old man with mitral stenosis who presented with fever and miliary shadows on chest radiography,which was ultimately diagnosed as secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis.
文摘Nanowires(NWs)and nanobelts(NBs)have been widely studied and fabricated into a variety of nanoscale devices such as light emitting diodes(LEDs),lasers and biosensors.These unique materials have attracted sustained attention due to their novel properties,ease of growth,and the ability to fabricate highly engineered devices.However,their widespread application remains hindered due to the difficulty in integrating multiple NWs or NBs together for more complex devices.Integration of multiple NWs and NBs together on the same chip can enable the coupling of different devices to help realize complex on-chip architectures such as photonic integrated circuits or nanoscale diagnostic tools,which currently require outcoupling using larger components.In this letter we report the coupling of on-chip NB LEDs and photodetectors using a single,precisely self-aligned,cadmium sulfide(CdS)NB fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)substrate.Electroluminescence generated by the CdS NB is waveguided and measured across the self-aligned device and demonstrates an on/off ratio of 10^2-10^3.This work describes a new method for fabricating and integrating more complex nanoscale devices that can enable advances in areas such as on-chip optical computational components and nanoscale optical biodiagnostics.
