AIM: To evaluate the impact of postoperative infectious complications on hepatocellular carcinoma following curative hepatectomy.METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of200 hepatocellular carcinoma patients wh...AIM: To evaluate the impact of postoperative infectious complications on hepatocellular carcinoma following curative hepatectomy.METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of200 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent hepatectomy at our institution between September2003 and June 2011.The patients’demographics,clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative infectious complications were analyzed.The ClavienDindo classification was adopted to assess the severity of complications.The dynamic change in the neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio,defined as the absolute neutrophil count divided by the absolute lymphocyte count,after surgery was also investigated.The observation endpoints for this study were recurrence-free survival and overall survival of the patients.Statistical analysis of the survival curves was performed using the KaplanMeier method and the log-rank test.The prognosticvalue of each variable for predicting prognosis was assessed via multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.The cutoff score for each variable was selected based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.All statistical tests were two-sided,and significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS:The median age of the patients was 49years,and the majority of patients were male(86%)and had been infected with hepatitis B virus(86%).The 30-d postoperative infectious complication rate was34.0%(n=68).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that postoperative infection was significantly correlated with tumor recurrence(P<0.001).The postoperative intra-abdominal infection group exhibited a worse prognosis than the non-intra-abdominal infection group(P<0.001).A significantly increased incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal infection was observed in the patients with hepatic cirrhosis(P=0.028),concomitant splenectomy(P=0.007)or vascular invasion(P=0.026).The patients who had an elevated postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio change(>1.643)clearly exhibited poorer recurrence-free survival than those who did not(P=0.009),although no significant correlation was observed between overall survival and the change in the postoperative neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio.Based on multivariate analysis,hepatitis B surface antigen positivity,Child-TurcottePugh class B,an elevated postoperative neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio change and intra-abdominal infection were significant predictors of poor recurrencefree survival.Hepatic cirrhosis,the maximal tumor diameter and intra-abdominal infection were significant predictors of overall survival.CONCLUSION:Postoperative intra-abdominal infection adversely affected oncologic outcomes,and the change in postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was a good indicator of tumor recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative hepatectomy.展开更多
Grass carp plays an important role in small-scale aquaculture in Vietnam. However, a severe disease, known in Vietnam as "Red Spot Disease", is causing significant economic loss in grass carp aquaculture. In...Grass carp plays an important role in small-scale aquaculture in Vietnam. However, a severe disease, known in Vietnam as "Red Spot Disease", is causing significant economic loss in grass carp aquaculture. In this study, the tissue samples isolated from the grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam are investigated and comparied with the control GCHV isolated in China by experimental infection, culture cell infection, serological cross reactivity, and RT-PCR amplification. Infected grass carp exhibits hemorrhage symptoms about 5 days after experimental injection with GCHV-V (Vietnam) strain. The symptoms and lethality induced by the GCHV-V strain are identical to that induced by the Chinese GCHV-9014 strain. The Chinese GCHV-873 strain induces typical cytopathogenic effects in 4 cell lines, such as CIK, CAB, FHM and GCO, from the 6 fish cell lines examined. No cytopathogenic effects are observed in all the 6 examined cell lines, including CAB, FHM, CIK, EPC, CCO and GCO, infected by the GCHV-V strain and GCHV-9014 strain. Immunodiffusion assays demonstrate an obvious cross-reactivity among three GCHV strains. Precipitin lines are clearly observed not only between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and the two strains GCHV-873 and GCHV-9014, but also between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and the GCHV-V strain. GCHV can be detected by immunodiffusion assays after three generations of blind propagations in the cell lines inoculated by GCHV-V strain. This implicates that GCHV-V viruses have been replicated and amplified despite there being no cytopathogenic effects observed in these examined cell lines. Three genome segments of GCHV, including S8, S9 and S10, are amplified by three sets of PCR primers designed according to the segment sequences published recently. The Q8fp and Q8rp primer set specific for genome segment S8 amplifies a 955 bp fragment from the extracted sample of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease, and the fragment size is identical to that amplified by the same primer set from control GCHV-873 strain. Simultaneously, the Q9fp and Q9rp primer set specific for genome segment S9 generates a same 635 bp product, and the Q10fp and Q10rp primer set specific for genome segment S10 produces a same 697 bp fragment from both template samples of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease and control GCHV-873 strain. The RT-PCR amplification and corresponding size comparison data indicate that the three GCHV-V genome segments extracted from the diseased grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam should be identical to that in control GCHV-873 strain from China. The data confirm that the causative agent of grass carp Red Spot Disease in Vietnam is a virus, and the virus is closely similar to GCHV strain in China.展开更多
Shear wave phase SKS of 11 earthquakes, collected from 23 stations of Yunnan Digital Seismic Network, is analyzed by fitting the theoretical transverse component with the observed one for determining the orientation a...Shear wave phase SKS of 11 earthquakes, collected from 23 stations of Yunnan Digital Seismic Network, is analyzed by fitting the theoretical transverse component with the observed one for determining the orientation and extent of polarization seismic anisotropy of upper mantle. Shear wave splitting is obviously observed in all stations except Heqing station (HQ). The results show that the polarization of fast split S-wave of upper mantle in Yunnan area is north-northeast in general and the time delay between fast and slow split shear waves is 0.5~2.0 s. It suggests that the influence of faults upon anisotropy analysis could not be neglected in such a geologically complex area. As the transitional zone between Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and the block of southern China, in Yunnan area the orientation of fast shear wave polarization indicating the subduction of Indian plate into Eurasian plate is the fundamental background of earth dynamics. While the southeast or south-southeast movement of Sichuan-Yunnan rhomb block, formed by the uplift of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, plays an important role in the composition of complicated structural and stress environment of Yunnan area. The divergence between the fast direction and the movement of upper mantle indicates in Yunnan area there exists complex coupling effect between lower velocity layer or asthenosphere and crustal block. The distribution of structure driving force looks like a palm extending to northeast. According to the time delay between fast and slow split shear waves, it is deduced that the thickness of anisotropy layer is 60~225 km with variation range roughly equal to that of 104~260 km of the buried depth of lower velocity layer of the earth in Yunnan area. So it suggests the top of anisotropy zone starts from the bottom of crust or from the lower velocity layer varying with specific locations related to the tremendous variation of the Moho discontinuity in Yunnan area. Furthermore, it is deduced that the anisotropy of the upper mantle is mainly from the lithosphere rather than the whole upper mantle.展开更多
Objective To study the influence of salivary lipids on the adherence of cariogenic bacteria (S.mutans Ingbritt and BF; S.sobrinus OMZ176 and 6715). Methods Mixed saliva was collected from 10 healthy subjects (5 males ...Objective To study the influence of salivary lipids on the adherence of cariogenic bacteria (S.mutans Ingbritt and BF; S.sobrinus OMZ176 and 6715). Methods Mixed saliva was collected from 10 healthy subjects (5 males and 5 females, aged 21～23). The salivary lipids was depleted under nondenatural condition (-10℃, ethanol∶ether 3∶2 V∶V ). The adherence of S.mutans and S.sobrinus to the experimental pellicles formed from mixed saliva or lipids-depleted saliva was investigated with 3H-TdR incorperation assay. Results The amount of S.mutans Ingbritt and BF adhered to lipids-depleted pellicle were significantly increased ( P <0.05). The amount of experimental bacteria adhered to lipids-depleted pellicle or mixed salivary pellicle were following the regular pattern: Ingbritt>BF>OMZ176>6715. Conclusion Salivary lipids significantly decreased the number of S.mutans adhered to pellicle.展开更多
A memory and driving clock efficient design scheme to achieve WCDMA high-speed channel decoder on a single XILINX’ XVC1000E FPGA chip is presented. Using a modified MAP algorithm, say parallel Sliding Window logarith...A memory and driving clock efficient design scheme to achieve WCDMA high-speed channel decoder on a single XILINX’ XVC1000E FPGA chip is presented. Using a modified MAP algorithm, say parallel Sliding Window logarithmic Maximum A Posterior (PSW-log-MAP), the on-chip turbo decoder can decode an information bit by only an average of two clocks per iteration. On the other hand, a high-parallel pipeline Viterbi algorithm is adopted to realize the 256-state convolutional code decoding. The final decoder with an 8×chip-clock (30 72MHz) driving can concurrently process a data rate up to 2 5Mbps of turbo coded sequences and a data rate over 400kbps of convolutional codes. There is no extern memory needed. Test results show that the decoding performance is only 0 2～0 3dB or less lost comparing to float simulation.展开更多
The development of product is a complex process. Collaboration is necessary to this process to support multi-function teams’ participation in this process at the same time. Effective task decomposition is the prerequ...The development of product is a complex process. Collaboration is necessary to this process to support multi-function teams’ participation in this process at the same time. Effective task decomposition is the prerequisite of collaborative design and constraint network was used to express the relationship among design participants. In order to make the coupling collaborative design go smoothly, a constraint satisfaction model based on dynamic constraint is put forward. An integrated-based conflict resolution model is advanced to resolve the complex conflict during the process of collaborative design.展开更多
Moldability evaluation for molded parts, which is the basis of concurrent design, is a key design stage in injection molding design. By moldability evaluation the design problems can be found timely and an optimum pla...Moldability evaluation for molded parts, which is the basis of concurrent design, is a key design stage in injection molding design. By moldability evaluation the design problems can be found timely and an optimum plastic part design achieved. In this paper, a systematic methodology for moldability evaluation based on fuzzy logic is proposed. Firstly, fuzzy set modeling for six key design attributes of molded parts is carried out respectively. Secondly, on the basis of this, the relationship between fuzzy sets for design attributes and fuzzy sets for moldability is established by fuzzy rules that are based on domain experts’ experience and knowledge. At last the integral moldability for molded parts is obtained through fuzzy reasoning. The neural network based fuzzy reasoning approach presented in this paper can improve fuzzy reasoning efficiency greatly, especially for system having a large number of rules and complicated membership functions. An example for moldability evaluation is given to show the feasibility of this proposed methodology.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81372374 and No.81000959the Combination Project of Production,Education and Research from Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education,No.2012B091100460Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,No.2009B030801007
文摘AIM: To evaluate the impact of postoperative infectious complications on hepatocellular carcinoma following curative hepatectomy.METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of200 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent hepatectomy at our institution between September2003 and June 2011.The patients’demographics,clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative infectious complications were analyzed.The ClavienDindo classification was adopted to assess the severity of complications.The dynamic change in the neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio,defined as the absolute neutrophil count divided by the absolute lymphocyte count,after surgery was also investigated.The observation endpoints for this study were recurrence-free survival and overall survival of the patients.Statistical analysis of the survival curves was performed using the KaplanMeier method and the log-rank test.The prognosticvalue of each variable for predicting prognosis was assessed via multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.The cutoff score for each variable was selected based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.All statistical tests were two-sided,and significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS:The median age of the patients was 49years,and the majority of patients were male(86%)and had been infected with hepatitis B virus(86%).The 30-d postoperative infectious complication rate was34.0%(n=68).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that postoperative infection was significantly correlated with tumor recurrence(P<0.001).The postoperative intra-abdominal infection group exhibited a worse prognosis than the non-intra-abdominal infection group(P<0.001).A significantly increased incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal infection was observed in the patients with hepatic cirrhosis(P=0.028),concomitant splenectomy(P=0.007)or vascular invasion(P=0.026).The patients who had an elevated postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio change(>1.643)clearly exhibited poorer recurrence-free survival than those who did not(P=0.009),although no significant correlation was observed between overall survival and the change in the postoperative neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio.Based on multivariate analysis,hepatitis B surface antigen positivity,Child-TurcottePugh class B,an elevated postoperative neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio change and intra-abdominal infection were significant predictors of poor recurrencefree survival.Hepatic cirrhosis,the maximal tumor diameter and intra-abdominal infection were significant predictors of overall survival.CONCLUSION:Postoperative intra-abdominal infection adversely affected oncologic outcomes,and the change in postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was a good indicator of tumor recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative hepatectomy.
基金This research was supported by National 863 High Technology Research Foundation of China(2002AA62601)National Natural Science Foundation of China(30170726)+1 种基金the Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCXZ-SW-302)the Innovation Project of the Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Grass carp plays an important role in small-scale aquaculture in Vietnam. However, a severe disease, known in Vietnam as "Red Spot Disease", is causing significant economic loss in grass carp aquaculture. In this study, the tissue samples isolated from the grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam are investigated and comparied with the control GCHV isolated in China by experimental infection, culture cell infection, serological cross reactivity, and RT-PCR amplification. Infected grass carp exhibits hemorrhage symptoms about 5 days after experimental injection with GCHV-V (Vietnam) strain. The symptoms and lethality induced by the GCHV-V strain are identical to that induced by the Chinese GCHV-9014 strain. The Chinese GCHV-873 strain induces typical cytopathogenic effects in 4 cell lines, such as CIK, CAB, FHM and GCO, from the 6 fish cell lines examined. No cytopathogenic effects are observed in all the 6 examined cell lines, including CAB, FHM, CIK, EPC, CCO and GCO, infected by the GCHV-V strain and GCHV-9014 strain. Immunodiffusion assays demonstrate an obvious cross-reactivity among three GCHV strains. Precipitin lines are clearly observed not only between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and the two strains GCHV-873 and GCHV-9014, but also between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and the GCHV-V strain. GCHV can be detected by immunodiffusion assays after three generations of blind propagations in the cell lines inoculated by GCHV-V strain. This implicates that GCHV-V viruses have been replicated and amplified despite there being no cytopathogenic effects observed in these examined cell lines. Three genome segments of GCHV, including S8, S9 and S10, are amplified by three sets of PCR primers designed according to the segment sequences published recently. The Q8fp and Q8rp primer set specific for genome segment S8 amplifies a 955 bp fragment from the extracted sample of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease, and the fragment size is identical to that amplified by the same primer set from control GCHV-873 strain. Simultaneously, the Q9fp and Q9rp primer set specific for genome segment S9 generates a same 635 bp product, and the Q10fp and Q10rp primer set specific for genome segment S10 produces a same 697 bp fragment from both template samples of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease and control GCHV-873 strain. The RT-PCR amplification and corresponding size comparison data indicate that the three GCHV-V genome segments extracted from the diseased grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam should be identical to that in control GCHV-873 strain from China. The data confirm that the causative agent of grass carp Red Spot Disease in Vietnam is a virus, and the virus is closely similar to GCHV strain in China.
基金Sub-project of State Key Basic Research Development Programming Project，the pre-research Project
文摘Shear wave phase SKS of 11 earthquakes, collected from 23 stations of Yunnan Digital Seismic Network, is analyzed by fitting the theoretical transverse component with the observed one for determining the orientation and extent of polarization seismic anisotropy of upper mantle. Shear wave splitting is obviously observed in all stations except Heqing station (HQ). The results show that the polarization of fast split S-wave of upper mantle in Yunnan area is north-northeast in general and the time delay between fast and slow split shear waves is 0.5~2.0 s. It suggests that the influence of faults upon anisotropy analysis could not be neglected in such a geologically complex area. As the transitional zone between Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and the block of southern China, in Yunnan area the orientation of fast shear wave polarization indicating the subduction of Indian plate into Eurasian plate is the fundamental background of earth dynamics. While the southeast or south-southeast movement of Sichuan-Yunnan rhomb block, formed by the uplift of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, plays an important role in the composition of complicated structural and stress environment of Yunnan area. The divergence between the fast direction and the movement of upper mantle indicates in Yunnan area there exists complex coupling effect between lower velocity layer or asthenosphere and crustal block. The distribution of structure driving force looks like a palm extending to northeast. According to the time delay between fast and slow split shear waves, it is deduced that the thickness of anisotropy layer is 60~225 km with variation range roughly equal to that of 104~260 km of the buried depth of lower velocity layer of the earth in Yunnan area. So it suggests the top of anisotropy zone starts from the bottom of crust or from the lower velocity layer varying with specific locations related to the tremendous variation of the Moho discontinuity in Yunnan area. Furthermore, it is deduced that the anisotropy of the upper mantle is mainly from the lithosphere rather than the whole upper mantle.
文摘Objective To study the influence of salivary lipids on the adherence of cariogenic bacteria (S.mutans Ingbritt and BF; S.sobrinus OMZ176 and 6715). Methods Mixed saliva was collected from 10 healthy subjects (5 males and 5 females, aged 21～23). The salivary lipids was depleted under nondenatural condition (-10℃, ethanol∶ether 3∶2 V∶V ). The adherence of S.mutans and S.sobrinus to the experimental pellicles formed from mixed saliva or lipids-depleted saliva was investigated with 3H-TdR incorperation assay. Results The amount of S.mutans Ingbritt and BF adhered to lipids-depleted pellicle were significantly increased ( P <0.05). The amount of experimental bacteria adhered to lipids-depleted pellicle or mixed salivary pellicle were following the regular pattern: Ingbritt>BF>OMZ176>6715. Conclusion Salivary lipids significantly decreased the number of S.mutans adhered to pellicle.
文摘A memory and driving clock efficient design scheme to achieve WCDMA high-speed channel decoder on a single XILINX’ XVC1000E FPGA chip is presented. Using a modified MAP algorithm, say parallel Sliding Window logarithmic Maximum A Posterior (PSW-log-MAP), the on-chip turbo decoder can decode an information bit by only an average of two clocks per iteration. On the other hand, a high-parallel pipeline Viterbi algorithm is adopted to realize the 256-state convolutional code decoding. The final decoder with an 8×chip-clock (30 72MHz) driving can concurrently process a data rate up to 2 5Mbps of turbo coded sequences and a data rate over 400kbps of convolutional codes. There is no extern memory needed. Test results show that the decoding performance is only 0 2～0 3dB or less lost comparing to float simulation.
文摘The development of product is a complex process. Collaboration is necessary to this process to support multi-function teams’ participation in this process at the same time. Effective task decomposition is the prerequisite of collaborative design and constraint network was used to express the relationship among design participants. In order to make the coupling collaborative design go smoothly, a constraint satisfaction model based on dynamic constraint is put forward. An integrated-based conflict resolution model is advanced to resolve the complex conflict during the process of collaborative design.
文摘Moldability evaluation for molded parts, which is the basis of concurrent design, is a key design stage in injection molding design. By moldability evaluation the design problems can be found timely and an optimum plastic part design achieved. In this paper, a systematic methodology for moldability evaluation based on fuzzy logic is proposed. Firstly, fuzzy set modeling for six key design attributes of molded parts is carried out respectively. Secondly, on the basis of this, the relationship between fuzzy sets for design attributes and fuzzy sets for moldability is established by fuzzy rules that are based on domain experts’ experience and knowledge. At last the integral moldability for molded parts is obtained through fuzzy reasoning. The neural network based fuzzy reasoning approach presented in this paper can improve fuzzy reasoning efficiency greatly, especially for system having a large number of rules and complicated membership functions. An example for moldability evaluation is given to show the feasibility of this proposed methodology.
