The worldwide increase in energy demand necessitates the development and optimization of marginal oil fields for sustenance.In this regard,effective and economic production of fluids are heavily relied upon the artifi...The worldwide increase in energy demand necessitates the development and optimization of marginal oil fields for sustenance.In this regard,effective and economic production of fluids are heavily relied upon the artificial lift techniques as the reservoir's natural energy may not be able to deliver the fluids to the surface.Gas lift is a widely practised and successful method that is suitable for rejuvenating the oil production from such fields.In this study,the influence of critical parameters like water cut,wellhead pressure(WHP)and gas-lift gas injection rate on the output from a gas lifted well was analysed.A significant reduction in the oil production was observed with the increase in water cut.For a fixed gas injection rate of 1 Mmscf/day,the production decreased by 26.90%when the water cut increased from 15%to 30%and further by 50.80%when the water cut reached 45%.An increase in the gas injection rate from 1 Mmscf/day to 8 Mmscf/day resulted in an increase in the production rate by 29.21%,40.48%and 56.56%for 15%,30%,and 45%water cut conditions,respectively.It was observed that there is a drop in the oil rate with the increase in WHP for a constant gas injection rate.An increase in the WHP from 100 psi to 300 psi resulted in a drop in the oil production rate by 11.01%,11.78%and 12.74%for 15%,30%and 45%water cut conditions,respectively.The study sheds light on the significance of optimizing the critical parameters to maximize the production from a well,with severely affected productivity,using a continuous gas lift system.展开更多
The use of passive mixing devices to enhance the mixing of supersonic streams is of importance in many aerospace and allied applications. A comparative experimental study of two such non-conventional axi-symmetric sup...The use of passive mixing devices to enhance the mixing of supersonic streams is of importance in many aerospace and allied applications. A comparative experimental study of two such non-conventional axi-symmetric supersonic nozzles for mixing augmentation is undertaken in the present study. The nozzles studied are conventional convergent divergent (c-d), ramp, and nozzle with secondary tabs at the Mach number of 1.7. The freejet characteristics of the jets from the nozzles and the confined mixing of the jets under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions were experimentally investigated. In addition, schlieren and laser light sheet methods are employed for flow visualization. Results of experiments on freejet showed rapid total pressure decay, higher jet width, and increased shear layer width in the case of jets from non-conventional nozzles. Also visualized were complex shock patterns in these jets. The confined mixing studies in both cold and hot flows confirm the increased mixing behavior of non-conventional nozzles within shorter mixing duct lengths. Laser sheet visualization clearly demonstrated the formation of streamwise vortices, which accounts for the enhanced mixing while employing the nozzles under study.展开更多
文摘The worldwide increase in energy demand necessitates the development and optimization of marginal oil fields for sustenance.In this regard,effective and economic production of fluids are heavily relied upon the artificial lift techniques as the reservoir's natural energy may not be able to deliver the fluids to the surface.Gas lift is a widely practised and successful method that is suitable for rejuvenating the oil production from such fields.In this study,the influence of critical parameters like water cut,wellhead pressure(WHP)and gas-lift gas injection rate on the output from a gas lifted well was analysed.A significant reduction in the oil production was observed with the increase in water cut.For a fixed gas injection rate of 1 Mmscf/day,the production decreased by 26.90%when the water cut increased from 15%to 30%and further by 50.80%when the water cut reached 45%.An increase in the gas injection rate from 1 Mmscf/day to 8 Mmscf/day resulted in an increase in the production rate by 29.21%,40.48%and 56.56%for 15%,30%,and 45%water cut conditions,respectively.It was observed that there is a drop in the oil rate with the increase in WHP for a constant gas injection rate.An increase in the WHP from 100 psi to 300 psi resulted in a drop in the oil production rate by 11.01%,11.78%and 12.74%for 15%,30%and 45%water cut conditions,respectively.The study sheds light on the significance of optimizing the critical parameters to maximize the production from a well,with severely affected productivity,using a continuous gas lift system.
文摘The use of passive mixing devices to enhance the mixing of supersonic streams is of importance in many aerospace and allied applications. A comparative experimental study of two such non-conventional axi-symmetric supersonic nozzles for mixing augmentation is undertaken in the present study. The nozzles studied are conventional convergent divergent (c-d), ramp, and nozzle with secondary tabs at the Mach number of 1.7. The freejet characteristics of the jets from the nozzles and the confined mixing of the jets under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions were experimentally investigated. In addition, schlieren and laser light sheet methods are employed for flow visualization. Results of experiments on freejet showed rapid total pressure decay, higher jet width, and increased shear layer width in the case of jets from non-conventional nozzles. Also visualized were complex shock patterns in these jets. The confined mixing studies in both cold and hot flows confirm the increased mixing behavior of non-conventional nozzles within shorter mixing duct lengths. Laser sheet visualization clearly demonstrated the formation of streamwise vortices, which accounts for the enhanced mixing while employing the nozzles under study.
