Nucleic acid(DNA and RNA)detection and quantification methods play vital roles in molecular biology.With the development of molecular biology,isothermal amplification of DNA/RNA,as a new molecular biology technology,c...Nucleic acid(DNA and RNA)detection and quantification methods play vital roles in molecular biology.With the development of molecular biology,isothermal amplification of DNA/RNA,as a new molecular biology technology,can be amplified under isothermal condition,it has the advantages of high sensitivity,high specificity,and high efficiency,and has been applied in various fields of biotechnology,including disease diagnosis,pathogen detection,food hygiene and safety detection and so on.This paper introduces the progress of isothermal amplification technology,including rolling circle amplification(RCA),nucleic acid sequence-dependent amplification(NASBA),strand displacement amplification(SDA),loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP),helicase-dependent amplification(HDA),recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA),cross-priming amplification(CPA),and its principle,advantages and disadvantages,and application development are briefly summarized.展开更多
Hierarchical nano-sized ZSM-5 aggregates were successfully synthesized via a seed-assisted method in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)through a facile one-step crystallization process.Commercial ZSM...Hierarchical nano-sized ZSM-5 aggregates were successfully synthesized via a seed-assisted method in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)through a facile one-step crystallization process.Commercial ZSM-5 zeolites with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio comparable to that of ZSM-5 products were treated with alkali and used as the seed particles.The influences of crystallization conditions were investigated,and the possible synthesis mechanism was proposed.ZSM-5 zeolites with diff erent amounts of CTAB added were characterized using many techniques and evaluated in toluene alkylation with methanol.The results showed that a trace amount of CTAB signifi cantly promoted the crystallization of ZSM-5 zeolite,with the morphology changing from hexagonal-shape crystals to uniform spherical aggregates.CTAB may act as the structure-directing agent and assemble the primary crystallites to generate hierarchical ZSM-5 aggregates.The ZSM-5 zeolite with the smallest primary particles of 50-80 nm exhibited large specific surface area,abundant mesopores,and the greatest microporosity.The hierarchical nano-sized ZSM-5 aggregate showed higher toluene conversion and a longer lifetime without compromising the selectivity to xylene and p-xylene in toluene alkylation with methanol.展开更多
随着工作场所“数智化”程度的提高,人工智能(Artificial Intelligence;AI)越来越多地扮演领导、同事或者助手等角色,成为新的员工反馈源。尽管已有研究广泛地探讨了员工向人类领导或同事寻求反馈对其创造力的影响,但鲜有研究揭示员工...随着工作场所“数智化”程度的提高,人工智能(Artificial Intelligence;AI)越来越多地扮演领导、同事或者助手等角色,成为新的员工反馈源。尽管已有研究广泛地探讨了员工向人类领导或同事寻求反馈对其创造力的影响,但鲜有研究揭示员工向AI寻求反馈的影响。鉴于此,本文首先对向“人”寻求反馈(Feedback Seeking from Human;FSH)和向“AI”寻求反馈(Feedback Seeking from Artificial Intelligence;FSAI)在功能和特性上的主要差异进行了综合分析。继而,基于资源保存理论,从促进型与防御型工作重塑以及反馈矛盾性的匹配视角,辨析和验证两种寻求反馈对员工创造力的作用机制。通过对三个子研究的数据分析(N_总=744)发现:FSH与FSAI分别通过促进型与防御型工作重塑对员工创造力产生积极影响;反馈矛盾性在FSH与促进型工作重塑、FSAI与防御型工作重塑之间起调节作用,即当反馈矛盾性越强时,FSH与促进型工作重塑的正向作用关系越强;当反馈矛盾性越弱时,FSAI与防御型工作重塑的正向作用关系越强。本文不仅为揭示FSH和FSAI对员工创造力的差异化影响提供了理论支持,还为管理者能够更好地理解与利用AI为员工寻求反馈进而激发创造力提供指导与启示。展开更多
With the rapid development of urban rail transit,rail transit plays an important role in alleviating city congestion.In recent years,with increasing pas-sengerflow,there has been huge pressure on passengerflow managemen...With the rapid development of urban rail transit,rail transit plays an important role in alleviating city congestion.In recent years,with increasing pas-sengerflow,there has been huge pressure on passengerflow management.To address this problem,we propose a novel system to provide real-time statistics and predictions of passengerflow based on big data technology and deep learning technology.Moreover,the passengerflow is visualized efficiently in this system.It can provide refined passengerflow information so that people can make more rational decisions in terms of operation and planning,deploy contingency plans to avoid emergency situations,and integrate passengerflow analysis with train production,scheduling and operation to achieve cost reduction and efficiency enhancement.展开更多
Some pathogens can use host suppressor of cytokine signaling I （SOCS-1）, an important negative-feedback molecule, as the main mode of immune evasion. Here we found that group A Streptococcus （GAS） is capable of in...Some pathogens can use host suppressor of cytokine signaling I （SOCS-1）, an important negative-feedback molecule, as the main mode of immune evasion. Here we found that group A Streptococcus （GAS） is capable of inducing SOCS-1 expression in RAW264.7 and BMDM macrophages. IFN-p plays a role in GAS-induced SOCS-1 expression in macrophages following the induction of cytokine expression by GAS, representing the classical pathway of SOCS-1 expression. However, GAS also induced STAT1 activation and SOCS-1 expression when GAS-infected cells were incubated with anti-IFN-p monoclonal antibody in this study. Moreover, upon comparing TLR4-/- BMDM macrophages with wild-type （WT） cells, we found that TLR4 also plays an essential role in the induction of SOCS-1. MyD88, which is an adaptor protein for TLR4, contributes to STAT1 activation and phosphorylation by forming a complex with Janus kinase 1 （JAK1） and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 （STAT1） in macrophages. GAS-stimulated expression of STAT1 was severely impaired in MyD88-/- macrophages, whereas expression of JAK1 was unaffected, suggesting that MyD88 was involved in STAT1 expression and phosphorylation. Together, these data demonstrated that in addition to IFN-p signaling and MyD88 complex formation, JAK1 and STAT1 act in a novel pathway to directly induce SOCS-1 expression in GAS-infected macrophages, which may be more conducive to rapid bacterial infection.展开更多
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR)onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)satellites can provide over 40 years of global remote sensing observations,which can be used to retrieve long...Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR)onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)satellites can provide over 40 years of global remote sensing observations,which can be used to retrieve long-term aerosol optical depth(AOD).This is of great significance to the study of global climate change.In this paper,we proposed an algorithm to jointly calculate AOD and land surface properties from AVHRR observations.With assumptions that AOD doesn’t vary in adjacent space and earth surface property doesn’t vary in two days,the algorithm considered non-Lambertian surface reflection based on the shape of bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF shape)and obtained AOD and surface property by optimal estimation(OE)method.The algorithm has been applied to NOAA-7,9,11,14,16,18,and 19 satellites and AVHRR-retrieved AOD with 5×10 km over China(15°–60°N,70°–140°E)has been obtained from 1982 to 2016.Comparisons of AVHRR-retrieved AOD against AErosol RObotic NETwork(AERONET)(in and around China)and China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network(CARSNET)AOD show good consistency with 62.62%points within the uncertainty ofΔτ=±(0.05+0.25τ)and root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 0.26.Further comparison of the monthly mean AOD of multiple AOD datasets in the‘Beijing’,‘Dalanzadgad’,‘NCU_Taiwan’and‘Kanpur’stations shows that the results of the algorithm are stable.The yearly averaged AOD data also has similar agreements with MERRA-2(The Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications,Version 2)and AVHRRDB data(AVHRR‘Deep Blue’aerosol data set).The multi-year mean correlation coefficient is 0.70 and 0.61 and the percentages within the uncertainty are 80.01%and 67.29%compared with MERRA-2 AOD and AVHRRDB AOD respectively.展开更多
基金supported by grants from Jiangsu Higher Education Institution Innovative Research Team for Science and Technology(2021),the Key Technology Program of Suzhou People’s Livelihood Technology Projects(Grant Nos.SKY2021029,SZS2020311)the Open Project of Jiangsu Biobank of Clinical Resources(TC2021B009)the Qing-Lan Project of Jiangsu Province in China(2021,2022).
文摘Nucleic acid(DNA and RNA)detection and quantification methods play vital roles in molecular biology.With the development of molecular biology,isothermal amplification of DNA/RNA,as a new molecular biology technology,can be amplified under isothermal condition,it has the advantages of high sensitivity,high specificity,and high efficiency,and has been applied in various fields of biotechnology,including disease diagnosis,pathogen detection,food hygiene and safety detection and so on.This paper introduces the progress of isothermal amplification technology,including rolling circle amplification(RCA),nucleic acid sequence-dependent amplification(NASBA),strand displacement amplification(SDA),loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP),helicase-dependent amplification(HDA),recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA),cross-priming amplification(CPA),and its principle,advantages and disadvantages,and application development are briefly summarized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21276183).
文摘Hierarchical nano-sized ZSM-5 aggregates were successfully synthesized via a seed-assisted method in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)through a facile one-step crystallization process.Commercial ZSM-5 zeolites with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio comparable to that of ZSM-5 products were treated with alkali and used as the seed particles.The influences of crystallization conditions were investigated,and the possible synthesis mechanism was proposed.ZSM-5 zeolites with diff erent amounts of CTAB added were characterized using many techniques and evaluated in toluene alkylation with methanol.The results showed that a trace amount of CTAB signifi cantly promoted the crystallization of ZSM-5 zeolite,with the morphology changing from hexagonal-shape crystals to uniform spherical aggregates.CTAB may act as the structure-directing agent and assemble the primary crystallites to generate hierarchical ZSM-5 aggregates.The ZSM-5 zeolite with the smallest primary particles of 50-80 nm exhibited large specific surface area,abundant mesopores,and the greatest microporosity.The hierarchical nano-sized ZSM-5 aggregate showed higher toluene conversion and a longer lifetime without compromising the selectivity to xylene and p-xylene in toluene alkylation with methanol.
文摘随着工作场所“数智化”程度的提高,人工智能(Artificial Intelligence;AI)越来越多地扮演领导、同事或者助手等角色,成为新的员工反馈源。尽管已有研究广泛地探讨了员工向人类领导或同事寻求反馈对其创造力的影响,但鲜有研究揭示员工向AI寻求反馈的影响。鉴于此,本文首先对向“人”寻求反馈(Feedback Seeking from Human;FSH)和向“AI”寻求反馈(Feedback Seeking from Artificial Intelligence;FSAI)在功能和特性上的主要差异进行了综合分析。继而,基于资源保存理论,从促进型与防御型工作重塑以及反馈矛盾性的匹配视角,辨析和验证两种寻求反馈对员工创造力的作用机制。通过对三个子研究的数据分析(N_总=744)发现:FSH与FSAI分别通过促进型与防御型工作重塑对员工创造力产生积极影响;反馈矛盾性在FSH与促进型工作重塑、FSAI与防御型工作重塑之间起调节作用,即当反馈矛盾性越强时,FSH与促进型工作重塑的正向作用关系越强;当反馈矛盾性越弱时,FSAI与防御型工作重塑的正向作用关系越强。本文不仅为揭示FSH和FSAI对员工创造力的差异化影响提供了理论支持,还为管理者能够更好地理解与利用AI为员工寻求反馈进而激发创造力提供指导与启示。
基金This work is supported in part by grants of Zhejiang Xinmiao Talents Program under No.2021R415025the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for Chinese College Students under No.202111057017.
文摘With the rapid development of urban rail transit,rail transit plays an important role in alleviating city congestion.In recent years,with increasing pas-sengerflow,there has been huge pressure on passengerflow management.To address this problem,we propose a novel system to provide real-time statistics and predictions of passengerflow based on big data technology and deep learning technology.Moreover,the passengerflow is visualized efficiently in this system.It can provide refined passengerflow information so that people can make more rational decisions in terms of operation and planning,deploy contingency plans to avoid emergency situations,and integrate passengerflow analysis with train production,scheduling and operation to achieve cost reduction and efficiency enhancement.
文摘Some pathogens can use host suppressor of cytokine signaling I （SOCS-1）, an important negative-feedback molecule, as the main mode of immune evasion. Here we found that group A Streptococcus （GAS） is capable of inducing SOCS-1 expression in RAW264.7 and BMDM macrophages. IFN-p plays a role in GAS-induced SOCS-1 expression in macrophages following the induction of cytokine expression by GAS, representing the classical pathway of SOCS-1 expression. However, GAS also induced STAT1 activation and SOCS-1 expression when GAS-infected cells were incubated with anti-IFN-p monoclonal antibody in this study. Moreover, upon comparing TLR4-/- BMDM macrophages with wild-type （WT） cells, we found that TLR4 also plays an essential role in the induction of SOCS-1. MyD88, which is an adaptor protein for TLR4, contributes to STAT1 activation and phosphorylation by forming a complex with Janus kinase 1 （JAK1） and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 （STAT1） in macrophages. GAS-stimulated expression of STAT1 was severely impaired in MyD88-/- macrophages, whereas expression of JAK1 was unaffected, suggesting that MyD88 was involved in STAT1 expression and phosphorylation. Together, these data demonstrated that in addition to IFN-p signaling and MyD88 complex formation, JAK1 and STAT1 act in a novel pathway to directly induce SOCS-1 expression in GAS-infected macrophages, which may be more conducive to rapid bacterial infection.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:[Grant Number 41871260].
文摘Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR)onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)satellites can provide over 40 years of global remote sensing observations,which can be used to retrieve long-term aerosol optical depth(AOD).This is of great significance to the study of global climate change.In this paper,we proposed an algorithm to jointly calculate AOD and land surface properties from AVHRR observations.With assumptions that AOD doesn’t vary in adjacent space and earth surface property doesn’t vary in two days,the algorithm considered non-Lambertian surface reflection based on the shape of bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF shape)and obtained AOD and surface property by optimal estimation(OE)method.The algorithm has been applied to NOAA-7,9,11,14,16,18,and 19 satellites and AVHRR-retrieved AOD with 5×10 km over China(15°–60°N,70°–140°E)has been obtained from 1982 to 2016.Comparisons of AVHRR-retrieved AOD against AErosol RObotic NETwork(AERONET)(in and around China)and China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network(CARSNET)AOD show good consistency with 62.62%points within the uncertainty ofΔτ=±(0.05+0.25τ)and root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 0.26.Further comparison of the monthly mean AOD of multiple AOD datasets in the‘Beijing’,‘Dalanzadgad’,‘NCU_Taiwan’and‘Kanpur’stations shows that the results of the algorithm are stable.The yearly averaged AOD data also has similar agreements with MERRA-2(The Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications,Version 2)and AVHRRDB data(AVHRR‘Deep Blue’aerosol data set).The multi-year mean correlation coefficient is 0.70 and 0.61 and the percentages within the uncertainty are 80.01%and 67.29%compared with MERRA-2 AOD and AVHRRDB AOD respectively.
