目的:探讨多发性骨髓瘤伴肾损害患者肾脏病理及细胞遗传学特点。方法:回顾性分析本院2009年1月-2019年1月初诊多发性骨髓瘤伴肾损害并行肾穿刺患者的临床资料,并且分析骨髓荧光原位杂交检查(Fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)...目的:探讨多发性骨髓瘤伴肾损害患者肾脏病理及细胞遗传学特点。方法:回顾性分析本院2009年1月-2019年1月初诊多发性骨髓瘤伴肾损害并行肾穿刺患者的临床资料,并且分析骨髓荧光原位杂交检查(Fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)结果与肾脏病理检查结果之间的关系,采用SPSS 20.0进行统计分析。结果:行肾穿刺活检患者20例,其中男性12例,女性8例。20例患者中间质性肾炎7例,其中3例FISH检查阴性,其余IgH重排、1q21扩增、RB1缺失、D13S319缺失和P53缺失检出率分别为42.86%、28.57%、28.57%、28.57%和14.29%,与总体探针阳性检出率相比显著降低(P<0.01);管型肾病6例,其中IgH重排、1q21扩增、RB1缺失、D13S319缺失、P53缺失检出率分别为66.67%、50%、66.67%、50%和0,与总体探针阳性率相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);急性肾小管损伤4例,IgH重排、1q21扩增、RB1缺失、D13S319缺失、P53缺失检出率分别为100%、50%、50%、25%和25%,与总体探针阳性率相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);淀粉样变及管型肾病合并淀粉样变各1例,均为5种探针检测为阳性;轻链沉积病1例为RB1基因缺失+D13S319基因缺失阳性。结论:不同肾脏病理损伤的患者FISH表现出异质化特点,可用其预测肾损害风险及推测可能的肾脏病理类型以指导预后。展开更多
A monitoring system is an important guarantee of safety in a production mine. However, not all monitoring substations pass the electrical fast transient/burst （EFT/B） immunity test and the explosion-proof test simul...A monitoring system is an important guarantee of safety in a production mine. However, not all monitoring substations pass the electrical fast transient/burst （EFT/B） immunity test and the explosion-proof test simultaneously. To enhance the immunity, the values of capacitance and inductance should be increased, which are actually limited by coal mine explosion-proof standards. Hence, for the first time, an active filter was applied in an electromagnetic interference （EMI） output filter. As a result, the interference within 30 MHz clearly weakened, but the frequency spectrum had a wide range. An EMI input filter and ferrite beads were adopted to restrain higher frequency interference. An output interference spectrogram of the substation was obtained with an analyzer. The results indicate that the improved complex filtering markedly help to control interference. With the support of improved complex filtering and other enhancing immunity means about I/O ports, the substation managed to pass both the EFT/B immunity test and the explosion-proof test synchronously. We conclude that improved complex filtering is of vital importance in enhancing the electromagnetic compatibilitv （EMC） of the coal mine monitoring system.展开更多
In order to eliminate false alarms,issued by gas sensors in coal mining,caused by Electromagnetic Interference(EMI),both computer simulation and field measurements were introduced to analyze the underground EMI distri...In order to eliminate false alarms,issued by gas sensors in coal mining,caused by Electromagnetic Interference(EMI),both computer simulation and field measurements were introduced to analyze the underground EMI distribution.A simplified model of a sensor with metal enclosure was established and the effects of shielding properties about the enclosure aperture were studied.Because the haulage motor is the moving EMI source,varying with time,the onsite flameproof measuring instruments cannot accomplish synchronous measurements of electromagnetic field vectors.To simplify the field measurements,two sensors,one with a lead and the other without a lead,were chosen to conduct the contrasting measurements.The EMI current caused by the perforation lead was comparatively strong and therefore nickel zinc ferrite beads were used to cut off the EMI propagation paths.The peak value of the interference current was reduced by 20%-70% with the beads.After switching on the sensor power,the sen-sors still occasionally gave false alarms when the switch of nearby large-scale electric equipment was operated.A complex EMI filter was used and the EMI attenuated markedly.The running results demonstrated that false alarms had been eliminated.We con-clude that the improved shielding and filtering are highly significant in enhancing the immunity of the gas sensor.展开更多
It is very important to accurately recognize and locate pulverized and block coal seen in a coal mine's infrared image monitoring system. Infrared monitor images of pulverized and block coal were sampled in the ro...It is very important to accurately recognize and locate pulverized and block coal seen in a coal mine's infrared image monitoring system. Infrared monitor images of pulverized and block coal were sampled in the roadway of a coal mine. Texture statistics from the grey level dependence matrix were selected as the criterion for classification. The distributions of the texture statistics were calculated and analysed. A normalizing function was added to the front end of the BP network with one hidden layer. An additional classification layer is joined behind the linear layer. The recognition of pulverized from block coal images was tested using the improved BP network. The results of the experiment show that texture variables from the grey level dependence matrix can act as recognizable features of the image. The innovative improved BP network can then recognize the pulverized and block coal images.展开更多
The spontaneous combustion is a smoldering process and characterized by a slow burning speed and a long duration. Therefore, it is a hazard to coal mines. Early detection of coal mine spontaneous combustion is quite d...The spontaneous combustion is a smoldering process and characterized by a slow burning speed and a long duration. Therefore, it is a hazard to coal mines. Early detection of coal mine spontaneous combustion is quite difficult because of the complexity of different coal mines. And the traditional threshold discriminance is not suitable for spontaneous combustion detection due to the uncertainty of coalmine combustion. Restrictions of the single detection method will also affect the detection precision in the early time of spontaneous combustion. Although multiple detection methods can be adopted as a complementarity to improve the accuracy of detection, the synthesized method will in- crease the complicacy of criterion, making it difficult to estimate the combustion. To solve this problem, a fuzzy inference system based on CRI （Compositional Rule of Inference） and fuzzy reasoning method FITA （First Infer Then Aggregate） are presented. And the neural network is also developed to realize the fuzzy inference system. Finally, the effectiveness of the inference system is demonstrated bv means of an experiment.展开更多
Background Acute lung injury （ALl） is a serious and common condition for which there are currently no specific strategies for treatment. Recent studies have suggested that bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal...Background Acute lung injury （ALl） is a serious and common condition for which there are currently no specific strategies for treatment. Recent studies have suggested that bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） may have therapeutic applications in multiple clinical disorders. We explored the biological effects of MSCs during endotoxin-induced ALl and the mechanisms involved. Methods MSCs were isolated from male rat bone marrow and the ALl model was induced by intravenous endotoxin injection. Female rats were sacrificed at 6 hours, 24 hours, 4 days, 1 week and 3 weeks post-injection of MSCs or saline and the lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serum were harvested for analysis. We further evaluated the survival of the rats and examined the effects of endotoxin-induced injury on the interaction between alveolar macrophages （AMs） and MSCs in ex vivo. Results There was a significant decrease in numbers of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （P 〈0.05）, and myeloperoxidase activity in the lung （P 〈0.01）, and of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum （P 〈0.05） in the MSC treated rats at 4 days. Furthermore, MSC treated rats exhibited improved survival, lower lung injury score, higher concentration of IL-10 in the serum and a reduced hydroxyproline content, but these differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, co-cultures of MSCs and AMs had significantly reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and macrophage inflammatory protein （MIP）-1α and significantly increased levels of IL-10 （P〈0.05） in the culture supernatants. Conclusions Treatment with intravenous injection of bone marrow-derived MSCs have beneficial effects on endotoxin-induced ALl in rats. The beneficial effect might be achieved through the engraftment of differentiated MSCs in the lungs and appears derive more from their capacity to secrete soluble factors that modulate immune responses.展开更多
Background Toll-like receptor-4 （TLR-4） is integrally involved in lipopolysaccharide （LPS） signaling and has a requisite role in the activation of nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）. The exact mechanisms that lend perf...Background Toll-like receptor-4 （TLR-4） is integrally involved in lipopolysaccharide （LPS） signaling and has a requisite role in the activation of nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）. The exact mechanisms that lend perfluorocarbon （PFC） liquids a cytoprotective effect have yet to be elucidated. Therefore we examined in an in vitro model the cytoprotective effect of PFC on LPS-stimulated alveolar epithelial cellls （AECs）. Methods AECs （A549 cells, human lung adenocarcinoma cell line） were divided into four groups： control, PFC, LPS and LPS ＋ PFC （coculture group） groups. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1） was detected by ELISA, tumor necrosis factor-g （TNF-a） and interleukin-8 （IL-8） were detected by radioimmunological methods. The expression of TLR-4 mRNA and protein was detected by real time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The activation of NF-κB was detected by Western blotting （proteins of I-κBa and NF-κB p65）. Results ICAM-1, TNF-a and IL-8 were significantly increased in LPS-stimulated AECs groups. The expression of TLR-4 mRNA and protein in LPS-stimulated groups was markedly increased. Meanwhile, NF-κB was activated as indicated by the significant degradation of IKB-a and the significant release of NF-κB P65 and its subsequent translocation into the nucleus. There were no significant effects of PFC alone on any of the factors studied while the coculture group showed significant downregulation of the secretion of ICAM-1, TNF-a and IL-8, the expression of TLR-4 rn^NA and the activity of NF-κB. Conclusions Taken together, our results demonstrate that LPS can induce AEC-related inflammatory injury via the activation of TLR-4 and subsequent activation of NF-κB. PFC is able to protect AECs from LPS-induced inflammatory injury by blocking the initiation of the LPS signaling pathway, which is indicated by the significant decrease of TLR-4 expression and NF-κB activation.展开更多
Background Gefitinib, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） tyrosine kinase, is an effective treatment for epithelial tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, and is generally well t...Background Gefitinib, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） tyrosine kinase, is an effective treatment for epithelial tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, and is generally well tolerated.However, some clinical trials revealed that gefitinib exposure caused lung fibrosis, a severe adverse reaction.This study investigated the effect of gefitinib on lung fibrosis in mice.Methods We generated a mouse model of lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin to investigate the fibrotic effect of gefitinib.C57BL/6 mice were injected intratracheally with bleomycin or saline, with intragastric administration of gefitinib or saline.Lung tissues were harvested on day 14 or 21 for histology and genetic analysis.Results The histological results showed that bleomycin successfully induced lung fibrosis in mice, and gefitinib prevented lung fibrosis and suppressed the proliferation of S100A4-positive fibroblast cells.In addition, Western blotting analysis revealed that gefitinib decreased the expression of phosphorylated EGFR （p-EGFR）.Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR （qRT-PCR） demonstrated that gefitinib inhibited the accumulation of collagens Ⅰ and Ⅲ.Conclusions These results reveal that gefitinib reduces pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in mice and suggest that administration of small molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors has the potential to prevent pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation of mesenchymal cells, and that targeting tyrosine kinase receptors might be useful for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in humans.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨多发性骨髓瘤伴肾损害患者肾脏病理及细胞遗传学特点。方法:回顾性分析本院2009年1月-2019年1月初诊多发性骨髓瘤伴肾损害并行肾穿刺患者的临床资料,并且分析骨髓荧光原位杂交检查(Fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)结果与肾脏病理检查结果之间的关系,采用SPSS 20.0进行统计分析。结果:行肾穿刺活检患者20例,其中男性12例,女性8例。20例患者中间质性肾炎7例,其中3例FISH检查阴性,其余IgH重排、1q21扩增、RB1缺失、D13S319缺失和P53缺失检出率分别为42.86%、28.57%、28.57%、28.57%和14.29%,与总体探针阳性检出率相比显著降低(P<0.01);管型肾病6例,其中IgH重排、1q21扩增、RB1缺失、D13S319缺失、P53缺失检出率分别为66.67%、50%、66.67%、50%和0,与总体探针阳性率相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);急性肾小管损伤4例,IgH重排、1q21扩增、RB1缺失、D13S319缺失、P53缺失检出率分别为100%、50%、50%、25%和25%,与总体探针阳性率相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);淀粉样变及管型肾病合并淀粉样变各1例,均为5种探针检测为阳性;轻链沉积病1例为RB1基因缺失+D13S319基因缺失阳性。结论:不同肾脏病理损伤的患者FISH表现出异质化特点,可用其预测肾损害风险及推测可能的肾脏病理类型以指导预后。
基金Project 50674093 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A monitoring system is an important guarantee of safety in a production mine. However, not all monitoring substations pass the electrical fast transient/burst （EFT/B） immunity test and the explosion-proof test simultaneously. To enhance the immunity, the values of capacitance and inductance should be increased, which are actually limited by coal mine explosion-proof standards. Hence, for the first time, an active filter was applied in an electromagnetic interference （EMI） output filter. As a result, the interference within 30 MHz clearly weakened, but the frequency spectrum had a wide range. An EMI input filter and ferrite beads were adopted to restrain higher frequency interference. An output interference spectrogram of the substation was obtained with an analyzer. The results indicate that the improved complex filtering markedly help to control interference. With the support of improved complex filtering and other enhancing immunity means about I/O ports, the substation managed to pass both the EFT/B immunity test and the explosion-proof test synchronously. We conclude that improved complex filtering is of vital importance in enhancing the electromagnetic compatibilitv （EMC） of the coal mine monitoring system.
基金Project 50674093 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to eliminate false alarms,issued by gas sensors in coal mining,caused by Electromagnetic Interference(EMI),both computer simulation and field measurements were introduced to analyze the underground EMI distribution.A simplified model of a sensor with metal enclosure was established and the effects of shielding properties about the enclosure aperture were studied.Because the haulage motor is the moving EMI source,varying with time,the onsite flameproof measuring instruments cannot accomplish synchronous measurements of electromagnetic field vectors.To simplify the field measurements,two sensors,one with a lead and the other without a lead,were chosen to conduct the contrasting measurements.The EMI current caused by the perforation lead was comparatively strong and therefore nickel zinc ferrite beads were used to cut off the EMI propagation paths.The peak value of the interference current was reduced by 20%-70% with the beads.After switching on the sensor power,the sen-sors still occasionally gave false alarms when the switch of nearby large-scale electric equipment was operated.A complex EMI filter was used and the EMI attenuated markedly.The running results demonstrated that false alarms had been eliminated.We con-clude that the improved shielding and filtering are highly significant in enhancing the immunity of the gas sensor.
基金Project 20050290010 supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Chinese Education Ministry
文摘It is very important to accurately recognize and locate pulverized and block coal seen in a coal mine's infrared image monitoring system. Infrared monitor images of pulverized and block coal were sampled in the roadway of a coal mine. Texture statistics from the grey level dependence matrix were selected as the criterion for classification. The distributions of the texture statistics were calculated and analysed. A normalizing function was added to the front end of the BP network with one hidden layer. An additional classification layer is joined behind the linear layer. The recognition of pulverized from block coal images was tested using the improved BP network. The results of the experiment show that texture variables from the grey level dependence matrix can act as recognizable features of the image. The innovative improved BP network can then recognize the pulverized and block coal images.
基金Project 20050290010 supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Chinese Education Ministry and 2005AA133070 by National 863 Program for High Technique Research Development
文摘The spontaneous combustion is a smoldering process and characterized by a slow burning speed and a long duration. Therefore, it is a hazard to coal mines. Early detection of coal mine spontaneous combustion is quite difficult because of the complexity of different coal mines. And the traditional threshold discriminance is not suitable for spontaneous combustion detection due to the uncertainty of coalmine combustion. Restrictions of the single detection method will also affect the detection precision in the early time of spontaneous combustion. Although multiple detection methods can be adopted as a complementarity to improve the accuracy of detection, the synthesized method will in- crease the complicacy of criterion, making it difficult to estimate the combustion. To solve this problem, a fuzzy inference system based on CRI （Compositional Rule of Inference） and fuzzy reasoning method FITA （First Infer Then Aggregate） are presented. And the neural network is also developed to realize the fuzzy inference system. Finally, the effectiveness of the inference system is demonstrated bv means of an experiment.
文摘Background Acute lung injury （ALl） is a serious and common condition for which there are currently no specific strategies for treatment. Recent studies have suggested that bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） may have therapeutic applications in multiple clinical disorders. We explored the biological effects of MSCs during endotoxin-induced ALl and the mechanisms involved. Methods MSCs were isolated from male rat bone marrow and the ALl model was induced by intravenous endotoxin injection. Female rats were sacrificed at 6 hours, 24 hours, 4 days, 1 week and 3 weeks post-injection of MSCs or saline and the lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serum were harvested for analysis. We further evaluated the survival of the rats and examined the effects of endotoxin-induced injury on the interaction between alveolar macrophages （AMs） and MSCs in ex vivo. Results There was a significant decrease in numbers of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （P 〈0.05）, and myeloperoxidase activity in the lung （P 〈0.01）, and of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum （P 〈0.05） in the MSC treated rats at 4 days. Furthermore, MSC treated rats exhibited improved survival, lower lung injury score, higher concentration of IL-10 in the serum and a reduced hydroxyproline content, but these differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, co-cultures of MSCs and AMs had significantly reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and macrophage inflammatory protein （MIP）-1α and significantly increased levels of IL-10 （P〈0.05） in the culture supernatants. Conclusions Treatment with intravenous injection of bone marrow-derived MSCs have beneficial effects on endotoxin-induced ALl in rats. The beneficial effect might be achieved through the engraftment of differentiated MSCs in the lungs and appears derive more from their capacity to secrete soluble factors that modulate immune responses.
文摘Background Toll-like receptor-4 （TLR-4） is integrally involved in lipopolysaccharide （LPS） signaling and has a requisite role in the activation of nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）. The exact mechanisms that lend perfluorocarbon （PFC） liquids a cytoprotective effect have yet to be elucidated. Therefore we examined in an in vitro model the cytoprotective effect of PFC on LPS-stimulated alveolar epithelial cellls （AECs）. Methods AECs （A549 cells, human lung adenocarcinoma cell line） were divided into four groups： control, PFC, LPS and LPS ＋ PFC （coculture group） groups. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1） was detected by ELISA, tumor necrosis factor-g （TNF-a） and interleukin-8 （IL-8） were detected by radioimmunological methods. The expression of TLR-4 mRNA and protein was detected by real time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The activation of NF-κB was detected by Western blotting （proteins of I-κBa and NF-κB p65）. Results ICAM-1, TNF-a and IL-8 were significantly increased in LPS-stimulated AECs groups. The expression of TLR-4 mRNA and protein in LPS-stimulated groups was markedly increased. Meanwhile, NF-κB was activated as indicated by the significant degradation of IKB-a and the significant release of NF-κB P65 and its subsequent translocation into the nucleus. There were no significant effects of PFC alone on any of the factors studied while the coculture group showed significant downregulation of the secretion of ICAM-1, TNF-a and IL-8, the expression of TLR-4 rn^NA and the activity of NF-κB. Conclusions Taken together, our results demonstrate that LPS can induce AEC-related inflammatory injury via the activation of TLR-4 and subsequent activation of NF-κB. PFC is able to protect AECs from LPS-induced inflammatory injury by blocking the initiation of the LPS signaling pathway, which is indicated by the significant decrease of TLR-4 expression and NF-κB activation.
基金This study was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.30370616 and No.30070335）, and Eleventh Five-Year Project of the Armed Forces Outstanding Talent （No.06J019）.
文摘Background Gefitinib, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） tyrosine kinase, is an effective treatment for epithelial tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, and is generally well tolerated.However, some clinical trials revealed that gefitinib exposure caused lung fibrosis, a severe adverse reaction.This study investigated the effect of gefitinib on lung fibrosis in mice.Methods We generated a mouse model of lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin to investigate the fibrotic effect of gefitinib.C57BL/6 mice were injected intratracheally with bleomycin or saline, with intragastric administration of gefitinib or saline.Lung tissues were harvested on day 14 or 21 for histology and genetic analysis.Results The histological results showed that bleomycin successfully induced lung fibrosis in mice, and gefitinib prevented lung fibrosis and suppressed the proliferation of S100A4-positive fibroblast cells.In addition, Western blotting analysis revealed that gefitinib decreased the expression of phosphorylated EGFR （p-EGFR）.Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR （qRT-PCR） demonstrated that gefitinib inhibited the accumulation of collagens Ⅰ and Ⅲ.Conclusions These results reveal that gefitinib reduces pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in mice and suggest that administration of small molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors has the potential to prevent pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation of mesenchymal cells, and that targeting tyrosine kinase receptors might be useful for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in humans.
