期刊文献+
共找到2篇文章
< 1 >
每页显示 20 50 100
Recommending the IHACRES model for water resources assessment and resolving water conflicts in Africa 被引量:7
1
作者 samir mohammad ali alredaisy 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE 2011年第1期40-48,共9页
The International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) recognized the lack of hydro- logical data as a world-wide problem in 2002 and adopted the Prediction of Ungauged Basins (PUB) as a decadal research ag... The International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) recognized the lack of hydro- logical data as a world-wide problem in 2002 and adopted the Prediction of Ungauged Basins (PUB) as a decadal research agenda during the period of 2003 to 2012. One of the objectives is to further develop methodologies for prediction in ungauged basins and to reduce uncertainties in model prediction. Estimation of stream flows is required for flood control, water quality control, valley habitat assessment and water budget of a country. However, the majority of water catchments, streams and valleys are ungauged in most developing countries. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the IHACRES (Identification of Hy- drographs and Components from Rainfall, Evaporation and Stream) model into African hydrological plan- ning as a methodology for water resources assessment, which in turn can be used to resolve water conflicts between communities and countries and to study the climate change issues. This is because the IHACRES model is applied for the estimation of flows in ungauged catchments whose physical catchments descriptors (PCDs) can be determined by driving variables (i.e. rainfall and temperature); and also in gauged streams but whose gauging stations are no longer operational but historical data are available for model calibration. The model provides a valuable insight into the hydrologic behaviour of the upper water sources for valleys as well as provides a useful methodology for water resources assessment in situations of scarce financial resources in developing countries. In addition, it requires relatively few parameters in its calibration and has been successful applied in previous regionalization studies. It will also make possible the equitable distri- bution of water resources in international basins and rivers' catchments. This paper does not apply the model anywhere, but recommends it as a methodology for water resources assessment in order to cure water conflicts on the African continent. 展开更多
关键词 ungauged catchment water resources assessment RAINFALL RUNOFF lumped models Nile Basin AFRICA
下载PDF
Mitigating the catastrophic impacts of torrential rivers in semi-arid environments: a case of the Gash River in eastern Sudan
2
作者 samir mohammad ali alredaisy 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE 2011年第3期174-183,共10页
The climatic, geomorphic, hydrologic and aquifer characteristics of the torrential Gash River across mountainous areas, in far eastern Sudan, were analyzed in order to mitigate its recurring catastrophic impacts. Hydr... The climatic, geomorphic, hydrologic and aquifer characteristics of the torrential Gash River across mountainous areas, in far eastern Sudan, were analyzed in order to mitigate its recurring catastrophic impacts. Hydrologic and climatic data and interpretation of Gash River satellite images were from relevant research works carried out in Gash Basin from 1985 to 2008. The results indicated that the total catchment area of Gash River is about 21,000 km2, and the basin area is 31,000 km2. The total length of Gash River is 450 km and the average slope is 200 cm/km. The width of the catchment varies from 30 m to 90 m and that of the basin is from 100 m to 800 m, and the course of the river is varied. During the period of 1980?2008, the mean annual rainfall was 250 mm and the mean annual discharge was 6.8 ×10~8 m^3, and the flooding is approximately one time per 5 years. Torrential floods measured at Kassala town since 1907 showed that an absolute maximum discharge was 876 m3/s and a mean maximum discharge was 365 m3/s. These characteristics differ widely between catchment and basin areas. The author proposes that, by analyzing the climatic, geomorphic, hydrologic and aquifer characteristics of the Gash River and considering the role of community, a concise database could be provided to formulate the aquifer, geomorphic, hydrologic and climatic (AQUIGEOHYCLIM) regional approach to mitigate Gash River recurring catastrophic impacts. 展开更多
关键词 AQUIGEOHYCLIM Gash River basin climate GEOMORPHOLOGY HYDROLOGY mitigation water management
下载PDF
上一页 1 下一页 到第
使用帮助 返回顶部