Dear Sir,We write to report on the clinical manifestations and outcomes of ocular sarcoidosis in patients presenting to uveitis referral centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.This is the first report focused solely o...Dear Sir,We write to report on the clinical manifestations and outcomes of ocular sarcoidosis in patients presenting to uveitis referral centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.This is the first report focused solely on ocular sarcoidosis from this country.展开更多
Immune mediated inflammatory anterior segment diseases are variable and their management requires intense immunosuppression.Treatment with topical steroids is associated with serious ocular side effects.In order to ov...Immune mediated inflammatory anterior segment diseases are variable and their management requires intense immunosuppression.Treatment with topical steroids is associated with serious ocular side effects.In order to overcome the potentially blinding complications of topical steroids,immunomodulatory drugs are being used more frequently.Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor that induces suppression of T lymphocytes activity and reduction of ocular inflammation.Tacrolimus was recently investigated for application in various anterior segment inflammatory disorders.In this review,we will discuss the therapeutic application of topical tacrolimus as a steroid-sparing agent in treating T cell mediated anterior segment inflammation.展开更多
The current field of posterior pole and retinal imaging of the human eye has expanded into detailed analyses of the macula,retinal periphery,individual retinal layers,vitreoretinal interface,imaging of the choroid and...The current field of posterior pole and retinal imaging of the human eye has expanded into detailed analyses of the macula,retinal periphery,individual retinal layers,vitreoretinal interface,imaging of the choroid and the optic nerve head.The challenge in retinal imaging is the enduring pursuit of deeper penetration into tissues,increased resolution to the cellular level,and interpretation of observations.How much deeper can we go and with what resolution and reproducibility?These are fundamental questions for experts in search of novel imaging modalities.New discoveries may resolve existing controversies,but inevitably stimulate new questions.Emerging technologies in retinal imaging include adaptive optics retinal imaging and optical coherence tomography-based retinal angiography.In this review,the focus of our discussion will be the discrepancy between the findings(interpretation)of one imaging technology that do not agree or are not even found with a complementary technology.If a clearly seen abnormality is present with one technology but absent in another,what are the possible explanations?Following is a summary of key concepts of retinal and optic nerve imaging modalities and current controversies regarding their interpretation and/or limitations.展开更多
文摘Dear Sir,We write to report on the clinical manifestations and outcomes of ocular sarcoidosis in patients presenting to uveitis referral centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.This is the first report focused solely on ocular sarcoidosis from this country.
文摘Immune mediated inflammatory anterior segment diseases are variable and their management requires intense immunosuppression.Treatment with topical steroids is associated with serious ocular side effects.In order to overcome the potentially blinding complications of topical steroids,immunomodulatory drugs are being used more frequently.Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor that induces suppression of T lymphocytes activity and reduction of ocular inflammation.Tacrolimus was recently investigated for application in various anterior segment inflammatory disorders.In this review,we will discuss the therapeutic application of topical tacrolimus as a steroid-sparing agent in treating T cell mediated anterior segment inflammation.
文摘The current field of posterior pole and retinal imaging of the human eye has expanded into detailed analyses of the macula,retinal periphery,individual retinal layers,vitreoretinal interface,imaging of the choroid and the optic nerve head.The challenge in retinal imaging is the enduring pursuit of deeper penetration into tissues,increased resolution to the cellular level,and interpretation of observations.How much deeper can we go and with what resolution and reproducibility?These are fundamental questions for experts in search of novel imaging modalities.New discoveries may resolve existing controversies,but inevitably stimulate new questions.Emerging technologies in retinal imaging include adaptive optics retinal imaging and optical coherence tomography-based retinal angiography.In this review,the focus of our discussion will be the discrepancy between the findings(interpretation)of one imaging technology that do not agree or are not even found with a complementary technology.If a clearly seen abnormality is present with one technology but absent in another,what are the possible explanations?Following is a summary of key concepts of retinal and optic nerve imaging modalities and current controversies regarding their interpretation and/or limitations.
