Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare how Chinese and Zambian pregnant women respond to nutrition and exercise. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data that was conducted in Chingola City, Zambia, an...Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare how Chinese and Zambian pregnant women respond to nutrition and exercise. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data that was conducted in Chingola City, Zambia, and Hangzhou City, China, using an online survey between September 1, 2023 and February 28, 2024. The subjects were divided into two groups (the China group and the Zambia group) according to their nationality. Results: A total of 210 participants were included through a questionnaire survey, 104 from China and 106 from Zambia. In terms of nutrient supplementation and whether to choose takeout weekly, 100% of Chinese pregnant women chose yes, while 100% of Zambian pregnant women chose no (P 0.05). The proportion of pregnant women in the China group choosing moderate or intense activities was higher than that in the Zambia group. In terms of daily exercise time, the proportion of Chinese pregnant women choosing 13 - 30 minutes or 30 - 60 minutes was significantly higher than that of Zambian pregnant women (P Conclusion: From the findings in our study, it can be observed that although pregnancy is an experience that many women may go through, lifestyle habits during pregnancy can vary from culture to culture or ethnicity.展开更多
Noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn_(3)Sn has shown remarkable efficiency in charge-spin conversion,a novel magnetic spin Hall effect,and a stable topological antiferromagnetic state,which has resulted in great interest f...Noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn_(3)Sn has shown remarkable efficiency in charge-spin conversion,a novel magnetic spin Hall effect,and a stable topological antiferromagnetic state,which has resulted in great interest from researchers in the field of spin-orbit torque.Current research has primarily focused on the spin-orbit torque effect of epitaxially grown noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn_(3)Sn films.However,this method is not suitable for large-scale industrial preparation.In this study,amorphous Mn_(3)Sn films and Mn_(3)Sn/Py heterostructures were prepared using magnetron sputtering on silicon substrates.The spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance measurement demonstrated that only the conventional spin-orbit torque effect generated by in-plane polarized spin currents existed in the Mn_(3)Sn/Py heterostructure,with a spin-orbit torque efficiency of 0.016.Additionally,we prepared the perpendicular magnetized Mn_(3)Sn/CoTb heterostructure based on amorphous Mn_(3)Sn film,where the spin-orbit torque driven perpendicular magnetization switching was achieved with a lower critical switching current density(3.9×10^(7)A/cm^(2))compared to Ta/CoTb heterostructure.This research reveals the spin-orbit torque effect of amorphous Mn_(3)Sn films and establishes a foundation for further advancement in the practical application of Mn_(3)Sn materials in spintronic devices.展开更多
以Web of Science数据库中2000-2022年间译者信息检索行为的核心文献为样本,借助R语言Bibliometrix文献计量工具包,分析并绘制其文献时间分布、高被引期刊、重要作者、关键词聚类、关键词共现及关键词历时变化知识图谱,梳理发展趋势、...以Web of Science数据库中2000-2022年间译者信息检索行为的核心文献为样本,借助R语言Bibliometrix文献计量工具包,分析并绘制其文献时间分布、高被引期刊、重要作者、关键词聚类、关键词共现及关键词历时变化知识图谱,梳理发展趋势、研究主题、研究热点和未来趋势。结果发现:从发展趋势来看,国际译者信息检索行为研究呈波浪式上升发展,研究成果主要刊发在图书馆情报学、信息科学及翻译学等领域的国际核心期刊上。研究主题及热点主要围绕译者信息检索过程和译者信息素养培养两方面开展。其中,前者探究信息资源类型、检索式表达和检索结果等变量对翻译问题解决的影响,并与机器翻译译后编辑等领域结合,探究不同翻译模式下译者信息检索行为的差异;后者探讨译者的信息素养培养模式。未来研究可关注译者个体因素对信息资源使用行为的影响,注重译者信息素养培养与评估,加强研究方法与工具的跨学科借鉴与创新。展开更多
It is well known that the line search methods play a very important role for optimization problems. In this paper a new line search method is proposed for solving unconstrained optimization. Under weak conditions, thi...It is well known that the line search methods play a very important role for optimization problems. In this paper a new line search method is proposed for solving unconstrained optimization. Under weak conditions, this method possesses global convergence and R-linear convergence for nonconvex function and convex function, respectively. Moreover, the given search direction has sufficiently descent property and belongs to a trust region without carrying out any line search rule. Numerical results show that the new method is effective.展开更多
In this paper, a modified variation of the Limited SQP method is presented for constrained optimization. This method possesses not only the information of gradient but also the information of function value. Moreover,...In this paper, a modified variation of the Limited SQP method is presented for constrained optimization. This method possesses not only the information of gradient but also the information of function value. Moreover, the proposed method requires no more function or derivative evaluations and hardly more storage or arithmetic operations. Under suitable conditions, the global convergence is established.展开更多
Firstly,this paper proposes a generalized log-determinant optimization model with the purpose of estimating the high-dimensional sparse inverse covariance matrices.Under the normality assumption,the zero components in...Firstly,this paper proposes a generalized log-determinant optimization model with the purpose of estimating the high-dimensional sparse inverse covariance matrices.Under the normality assumption,the zero components in the inverse covariance matrices represent the conditional independence between pairs of variables given all the other variables.The generalized model considered in this study,because of the setting of the eigenvalue bounded constraints,covers a large number of existing estimators as special cases.Secondly,rather than directly tracking the challenging optimization problem,this paper uses a couple of alternating direction methods of multipliers(ADMM)to solve its dual model where 5 separable structures are contained.The first implemented algorithm is based on a single Gauss–Seidel iteration,but it does not necessarily converge theoretically.In contrast,the second algorithm employs the symmetric Gauss–Seidel(sGS)based ADMM which is equivalent to the 2-block iterative scheme from the latest sGS decomposition theorem.Finally,we do numerical simulations using the synthetic data and the real data set which show that both algorithms are very effective in estimating high-dimensional sparse inverse covariance matrix.展开更多
Anterograde viral tracers are powerful and essential tools for dissecting the output targets of a brain region of interest. They have been developed from herpes simplex virus 1(HSV-1) strain H129(H129), and have been ...Anterograde viral tracers are powerful and essential tools for dissecting the output targets of a brain region of interest. They have been developed from herpes simplex virus 1(HSV-1) strain H129(H129), and have been successfully applied to map diverse neural circuits.Initially, the anterograde polysynaptic tracer H129-G4 was used by many groups. We then developed the first monosynaptic tracer, H129-dTK-tdT, which was highly successful, yet improvements are needed. Now, by inserting another tdTomato expression cassette into the H129-dTK-tdT genome, we have created H129-dTK-T2, an updated version of H129-dTK-tdT that has improved labeling intensity. To help scientists produce and apply our H129-derived viral tracers, here we provide the protocol describing our detailed and standardized procedures. Commonly-encountered technical problems and their solutions are also discussed in detail. Broadly, the dissemination of this protocol will greatly support scientists to apply these viral tracers on a large scale.展开更多
文摘Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare how Chinese and Zambian pregnant women respond to nutrition and exercise. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data that was conducted in Chingola City, Zambia, and Hangzhou City, China, using an online survey between September 1, 2023 and February 28, 2024. The subjects were divided into two groups (the China group and the Zambia group) according to their nationality. Results: A total of 210 participants were included through a questionnaire survey, 104 from China and 106 from Zambia. In terms of nutrient supplementation and whether to choose takeout weekly, 100% of Chinese pregnant women chose yes, while 100% of Zambian pregnant women chose no (P 0.05). The proportion of pregnant women in the China group choosing moderate or intense activities was higher than that in the Zambia group. In terms of daily exercise time, the proportion of Chinese pregnant women choosing 13 - 30 minutes or 30 - 60 minutes was significantly higher than that of Zambian pregnant women (P Conclusion: From the findings in our study, it can be observed that although pregnancy is an experience that many women may go through, lifestyle habits during pregnancy can vary from culture to culture or ethnicity.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0103300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12274119)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2022CFA088)the Open Research Fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(Grant No.2022SLABFN04).
文摘Noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn_(3)Sn has shown remarkable efficiency in charge-spin conversion,a novel magnetic spin Hall effect,and a stable topological antiferromagnetic state,which has resulted in great interest from researchers in the field of spin-orbit torque.Current research has primarily focused on the spin-orbit torque effect of epitaxially grown noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn_(3)Sn films.However,this method is not suitable for large-scale industrial preparation.In this study,amorphous Mn_(3)Sn films and Mn_(3)Sn/Py heterostructures were prepared using magnetron sputtering on silicon substrates.The spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance measurement demonstrated that only the conventional spin-orbit torque effect generated by in-plane polarized spin currents existed in the Mn_(3)Sn/Py heterostructure,with a spin-orbit torque efficiency of 0.016.Additionally,we prepared the perpendicular magnetized Mn_(3)Sn/CoTb heterostructure based on amorphous Mn_(3)Sn film,where the spin-orbit torque driven perpendicular magnetization switching was achieved with a lower critical switching current density(3.9×10^(7)A/cm^(2))compared to Ta/CoTb heterostructure.This research reveals the spin-orbit torque effect of amorphous Mn_(3)Sn films and establishes a foundation for further advancement in the practical application of Mn_(3)Sn materials in spintronic devices.
文摘以Web of Science数据库中2000-2022年间译者信息检索行为的核心文献为样本,借助R语言Bibliometrix文献计量工具包,分析并绘制其文献时间分布、高被引期刊、重要作者、关键词聚类、关键词共现及关键词历时变化知识图谱,梳理发展趋势、研究主题、研究热点和未来趋势。结果发现:从发展趋势来看,国际译者信息检索行为研究呈波浪式上升发展,研究成果主要刊发在图书馆情报学、信息科学及翻译学等领域的国际核心期刊上。研究主题及热点主要围绕译者信息检索过程和译者信息素养培养两方面开展。其中,前者探究信息资源类型、检索式表达和检索结果等变量对翻译问题解决的影响,并与机器翻译译后编辑等领域结合,探究不同翻译模式下译者信息检索行为的差异;后者探讨译者的信息素养培养模式。未来研究可关注译者个体因素对信息资源使用行为的影响,注重译者信息素养培养与评估,加强研究方法与工具的跨学科借鉴与创新。
文摘It is well known that the line search methods play a very important role for optimization problems. In this paper a new line search method is proposed for solving unconstrained optimization. Under weak conditions, this method possesses global convergence and R-linear convergence for nonconvex function and convex function, respectively. Moreover, the given search direction has sufficiently descent property and belongs to a trust region without carrying out any line search rule. Numerical results show that the new method is effective.
文摘In this paper, a modified variation of the Limited SQP method is presented for constrained optimization. This method possesses not only the information of gradient but also the information of function value. Moreover, the proposed method requires no more function or derivative evaluations and hardly more storage or arithmetic operations. Under suitable conditions, the global convergence is established.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11971149).
文摘Firstly,this paper proposes a generalized log-determinant optimization model with the purpose of estimating the high-dimensional sparse inverse covariance matrices.Under the normality assumption,the zero components in the inverse covariance matrices represent the conditional independence between pairs of variables given all the other variables.The generalized model considered in this study,because of the setting of the eigenvalue bounded constraints,covers a large number of existing estimators as special cases.Secondly,rather than directly tracking the challenging optimization problem,this paper uses a couple of alternating direction methods of multipliers(ADMM)to solve its dual model where 5 separable structures are contained.The first implemented algorithm is based on a single Gauss–Seidel iteration,but it does not necessarily converge theoretically.In contrast,the second algorithm employs the symmetric Gauss–Seidel(sGS)based ADMM which is equivalent to the 2-block iterative scheme from the latest sGS decomposition theorem.Finally,we do numerical simulations using the synthetic data and the real data set which show that both algorithms are very effective in estimating high-dimensional sparse inverse covariance matrix.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB755601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81427801, 81571355, and 81601206)the National Institutes of Health RF1 Funding of China (RF1MH120020-01)。
文摘Anterograde viral tracers are powerful and essential tools for dissecting the output targets of a brain region of interest. They have been developed from herpes simplex virus 1(HSV-1) strain H129(H129), and have been successfully applied to map diverse neural circuits.Initially, the anterograde polysynaptic tracer H129-G4 was used by many groups. We then developed the first monosynaptic tracer, H129-dTK-tdT, which was highly successful, yet improvements are needed. Now, by inserting another tdTomato expression cassette into the H129-dTK-tdT genome, we have created H129-dTK-T2, an updated version of H129-dTK-tdT that has improved labeling intensity. To help scientists produce and apply our H129-derived viral tracers, here we provide the protocol describing our detailed and standardized procedures. Commonly-encountered technical problems and their solutions are also discussed in detail. Broadly, the dissemination of this protocol will greatly support scientists to apply these viral tracers on a large scale.
