Understanding the differences in mechanical properties and damage characteristics of granitoid under high temperatures is crucial for exploring deep geothermal resources.This study analyzes the evolution of the acoust...Understanding the differences in mechanical properties and damage characteristics of granitoid under high temperatures is crucial for exploring deep geothermal resources.This study analyzes the evolution of the acoustic emission(AE)characteristics and mechanical parameters of granodiorite and granite after heating and water cooling by uniaxial compression and variable-angle shear tests under different temperature gradients.We identify their changes in mesostructure and mineral composition with electron probe microanalysis and scanning electron microscopy.Results show that these two hot dry rocks have similar diagenetic minerals and microstructure,but show significantly different mechanical and acoustic characteristics,and even opposing evolution trends in a certain temperature range.At the temperatures ranging from 100℃to 500℃,the compressive and shear mechanical properties of granodiorite switch repeatedly between weakening and strengthening,and those of granite show a continuous weakening trend.At 600℃,both rocks exhibit a deterioration of mechanical properties.The damage mode of granite is characterized by initiating at low stress,exponential evolutionary activity,and intensified energy release.In contrast,granodiorite exhibits the characteristics of initiating at high stress,volatile evolutionary activity,and intermittent energy release,due to its more stable microstructure and fewer thermal defects compared to granite.As the temperature increases,the initiation and propagation of secondary cracks in granodiorite are suppressed to a certain extent,and the seismicity and brittleness are enhanced.The subtle differences in grain size,microscopic heterogeneity,and mineral composition of the two hot dry rocks determine the different acoustic-mechanical characteristics under heating and cooling,and the evolution trends with temperature.These findings are of great significance for the scientific and efficient construction of rock mass engineering by rationally utilizing different rock strata properties.展开更多
Background:Foot kinematics,such as excessive eversion and malalignment of the hindfoot,are believed to be associated with running-related injuries.The maj ority of studies to date show that different foot strike patte...Background:Foot kinematics,such as excessive eversion and malalignment of the hindfoot,are believed to be associated with running-related injuries.The maj ority of studies to date show that different foot strike patterns influence these specific foot and ankle kinematics.However,technical deficiencies in traditional motion capture approaches limit knowledge of in vivo joint kinematics with respect to rearfoot and forefoot strike patterns(RFS and FFS,respectively).This study uses a high-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system(DFIS)to determine the effects of different foot strike patterns on 3D in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joints kinematics.Methods:Fifteen healthy male recreational runners underwent foot computed tomography scanning for the construction of 3-dimensional models.A high-speed DFIS(100 Hz)was used to collect 6 degrees of freedom kinematics for participants’tibiotalar and subtalar joints when they adopted RFS and FFS in barefoot condition.Results:Compared with RFS,FFS exhibited greater internal rotation at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint.The peak internal rotation angle of the tibiotalar joint under FFS was greater than under RFS(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=0.92).RFS showed more dorsiflexion at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint than FFS.RFS also presented a larger anterior translation(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=1.28)in the subtalar joint at i nitial contact than FFS.Conclusion:Running with acute barefoot FFS increases the internal rotation of the tibiotalar joint in the early stance.The use of high-speed DFIS to quantify the movement of the tibiotalar and subtalar joint was critical to revealing the effects of RF S and FFS during running.展开更多
Kagome materials have been studied intensively in condensed matter physics.With rich properties,various Kagome materials emerge during this process.Here,we grew single crystals of Y_(0.5)Fe_(3)Sn_(3)and confirmed an Y...Kagome materials have been studied intensively in condensed matter physics.With rich properties,various Kagome materials emerge during this process.Here,we grew single crystals of Y_(0.5)Fe_(3)Sn_(3)and confirmed an YCo_(6)Ge_(6)-type Kagome-lattice structure by detailed crystal structure characterizations.This compound bears an antiferromagnetic ordering at T_(N)= 551 K,and shows a weak ferromagnetism at low temperatures,where an anomalous Hall effect was observed,suggesting the non-zero Berry curvature.With the unstable antiferromagnetic ground state,our systematic investigations make Y_(0.5)Fe_(3)Sn_(3)a potential Kagome compound for Kagome or topological physics.展开更多
This paper performs an experimental evaluation of thermolysis-driven gases generated by the thermal decomposition of 1 M LiPF6+EC/DMC=1/1 v/v electrolytes at various decomposition temperatures,pyrolysis durations,and ...This paper performs an experimental evaluation of thermolysis-driven gases generated by the thermal decomposition of 1 M LiPF6+EC/DMC=1/1 v/v electrolytes at various decomposition temperatures,pyrolysis durations,and oxygen concentrations.Carried out in a home-built autoclave filled with pure helium,the experiment reveals that as the decomposition temperature increases,more types and larger quantities of gases will be released.Specifically,the experimental results demonstrate trends of logistic growth in the volume concentration of CO2,C2H6O,C2H4,CO,and C2H4O2 with the increase of decomposition temperature.With a prolonged pyrolysis duration,while volume concentrations of certain gases,such as CO2,C2H6O,C2H5F,and CO would increase,the concentration of C2H4O2 actually decreases.Moreover,concentrations of both C2H4 and C2H5F will first decrease and reach their minimum values at 1%v/v oxygen concentration,and then they would quickly climb back at higher oxygen concentrations,while the concentrations of C2H6 and C2H3F would decrease monotonically.It is envisioned that the detailed experimental results and findings on the gas generation pattern of 1 M LiPF6+EC/DMC=1/1 v/v electrolytes can facilitate the development of an early warning mechanism of thermal runaway based on gas sensing technology,which can be effectively applied to monitor the potential thermal failures of lithium-ion batteries with the same type of electrolyte and thus promote the thermal safety of battery packs in safety-critical applications.展开更多
Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is a compelling technology to produce fuels and chemicals powered by renewable energy.It is highly desirable to develop cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts for hydroge...Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is a compelling technology to produce fuels and chemicals powered by renewable energy.It is highly desirable to develop cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This review has summarized recent progress in mechanism understanding of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for pH-universal HER.The general approaches have been demonstrated to overcome the activity/stability limitations of the electrocatalysts for HER in a broad pH range.The perspectives and challenges for the development of p H-universal HER electrocatalysts have also been proposed.This review sheds light on the design and fabrication of high-performance electrocatalysts for versatile HER-related energy technologies.展开更多
AIM:To investigate angiopoietin(Ang) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in rats with ulcerative colitis(UC) and colorectal cancer(CRC).METHODS:Dysplasia and cancer were investigatedin rats that re...AIM:To investigate angiopoietin(Ang) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in rats with ulcerative colitis(UC) and colorectal cancer(CRC).METHODS:Dysplasia and cancer were investigatedin rats that received three cycles of 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in drinking water for 7 d followed by distilled water for 14 d after intraperitoneal pretreatment with 20 mg/kg 1,2-dimethylhydrazine(DMH)(CRC group).Colitis was investigated in rats that received three cycles of 3.5% DSS in drinking water for 7 d followed by distilled water for 14 d after intraperitoneal pretreatment with saline(UC group).Rats without DSS or DMH treatment served as controls.Expression of the tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulinlike and EGF-like domains(Tie)-2 and its ligands,Ang-1 and Ang-2,as well as VEGF were evaluated in the colorectum by Western blotting.RESULTS:Compared with rats in the control group,rats in the CRC and UC groups developed the symptoms of acute colitis with diarrhea,rectal bleeding,wasting,and loss of body weight(P < 0.05).In addition,the mean length of colorectum of CRC and UC rats was significantly shorter than that of control rats(8.29 ± 0.21 and 8.31 ± 0.86,respectively,vs 12.34 ± 0.12 cm; P < 0.05).Furthermore,rats in the CRC group,but not in the UC or control groups,developed multiple tumors in the colorectal region.Western blot analysis revealed that rats in the CRC and UC groups had markedly increased protein levels of Ang-1,Ang-2,Tie-2,and VEGF in the colorectum compared to rats in the control group.CONCLUSION:Increased expression of Ang-1,Ang-2,Tie-2,and VEGF in ulcerative colitis-derived colorectal cancer might lead to chronic colitis and pathologic angiogenesis in rats.展开更多
Purpose:The study aimed to establish a prognostic prediction model and an artificial neural network(ANN)model to determine who will benefit from transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)monotherapy for patients with hepat...Purpose:The study aimed to establish a prognostic prediction model and an artificial neural network(ANN)model to determine who will benefit from transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)monotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)invading portal vein.Methods:Treatment-naive patients with HCC and portal vein invasion who were treated with TACE monotherapy at hospital A as training cohort and hospital B as validation cohort were included.The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS).In training cohort,independent risk factors associated with OS were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis.The prognostic prediction(PP)and ANN models based on the independent risk factors were established to find out who will benefit most from TACE monotherapy.The type of portal vein tumor thrombosis was classified based on the Cheng’s Classification.The accuracy of the models was validated in validation cohort.Results:Totally,242 patients(training cohort:n=159;validation cohort:n=83)were included.The median OS was 7.1 and 8.5 months in training and validation cohort,respectively.In training cohort,the PP model was established based on the following five independent risk factors:Cheng’s Classification,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score,maximum tumor size,number of HCC nodules,and Child-Pugh stage.PP score of 17.5 was identified as cut-off point and patients were divided into two groups by PP score<17.5 and>17.5 in survival benefit and prognostication(8.8 vs.5.5 months;P<0.001).These five factors were included and ranked based on the importance associated with OS in the ANN model.Both of the two models received high accuracy after validation.Conclusions:Portal vein invaded HCC patients with PP score<17.5 may benefit most from TACE monotherapy.For these patients,TACE monotherapy should be considered.展开更多
Seven new drimane-type sesquiterpennoids,phellinuins A-G(1-7),together with one known compound 3b,11,12-trihydroxydrimene(8)were isolated from the cultures of mushroom Phellinus tuberculosus.Their structures were eluc...Seven new drimane-type sesquiterpennoids,phellinuins A-G(1-7),together with one known compound 3b,11,12-trihydroxydrimene(8)were isolated from the cultures of mushroom Phellinus tuberculosus.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and MS spectroscopic data and by comparison with data reported in the literature.展开更多
Multi-session transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is usually needed for the treatment of intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but it may not always have a positive influence on prognosis due to high heter...Multi-session transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is usually needed for the treatment of intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but it may not always have a positive influence on prognosis due to high heterogeneity of HCC.To avoid ineffective repeated TACE,the concept of TACE failure/refractoriness has been proposed by several organizations and is being addressed using tyrosine kinase inhibitors.The concept of TACE failure/refractoriness is controversial due to ambiguous definitions and low evidence-based data.To date,only a few studies have examined the rationality concerning the definition of TACE failure/refractoriness,although the concept has been introduced and applied in many TACE-related clinical trials.This review focuses on some of the issues related to different versions of TACE failure/refractoriness,the rationality of related definitions,and the feasibility of continuing TACE after so-called failure/refractoriness based on published evidence.A suggestion to re-define TAEC failure/refractoriness is also put forward.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of chymase inhibitor TY-51469 in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Seventy-five healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one o...AIM: To investigate the effect of chymase inhibitor TY-51469 in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Seventy-five healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the three groups(control group, model group and TY-51469 experiment group) and each group had twenty-five rats. The rats of the model group and experiment group were subjected to treatment with 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) 10 mg/kg to induce colitis. The control group and model group were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of saline, while the experiment group was subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg TY-51469 each day. Five rats of each group were sacrificed on 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 d, respectively. The degree of inflammation was assessed by histopathological scoring; flow cytometry was performed to detect the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in peripheral blood; colon tissues of rats were collected to measure m RNA and protein expression by PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry; serum levels of interleukin(IL)-10, transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 and IL-17A were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The rats in the experiment group and model group had significantly more severe colitis than the ones in the control group(P < 0.05) before treatment on day 0; no significant difference was observed between the experiment group and model group(P > 0.05). After treatment with TY-51469, the rats in the experiment group had significantly less severe colitis compared with the model group on 7, 14, 21 and 28 d(P < 0.05). The proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs was lower in the model group and experiment group than in the control group; the experiment group had a significantly higher proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs than that in the model group(P < 0.05). The model group and experiment group demonstrated lower expression of Foxp3 than the control group; the experiment group had higher Foxp3 expression than the model group(P < 0.05). Cytokines IL-10, TGF-β1 and IL-17 A were lower in the model group and experiment group than in the control group; the experiment group had higher expression than the model group(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: After treatment with chymase inhibitor TY-51469, the experiment group demonstrated more significantly reduced intestinal inflammation and higher expression of immune tolerance related cytokines(IL-10, TGF-β1, IL-17A) and Foxp3 which is specifically expressed in Tregs compared with the model group. Therefore, chymase inhibitor TY-51469 might ameliorate the progression of DSS-induced colitis possibly by increasing the expression of Tregs and cytokines.展开更多
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) is a progressive, currently untreatable and ultimately fatal ataxic disorder that belongs to the group of neurological disorders known as CAG-repeat or p...Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) is a progressive, currently untreatable and ultimately fatal ataxic disorder that belongs to the group of neurological disorders known as CAG-repeat or polyglutamine diseases. Here, we present the first prenatal diagnosis of SCA3/MJD in China's Mainland in a woman who was known to carry an expanded CAG-trinucleotide repeat in the MJD1 gene. After evaluating motivation and psychological tolerance of the couple, amniocentesis was performed after 14 weeks of gestation. Polymerase chain reactions followed by T-vector cloning and direct sequencing were employed to evaluate the CAG-repeat number of the fetal MJD1 gene. We identified a truncated CAG expansion of 78 repeats in the MJD1 gene of the fetus compared with 81 repeats in his mother.展开更多
Lattice thermal conductivity(κlat)of MgSiO_(3) perovskite and post-perovskite is an important parameter for the thermal dynamics in the Earth.Here,we develop a deep potential of density functional theory quality unde...Lattice thermal conductivity(κlat)of MgSiO_(3) perovskite and post-perovskite is an important parameter for the thermal dynamics in the Earth.Here,we develop a deep potential of density functional theory quality under entire thermodynamic conditions in the lower mantle,and calculate theκlatby the Green-Kubo relation.Deep potential molecular dynamics captures full-order anharmonicity and considers ill-defined phonons in low-κlatmaterials ignored in the phonon gas model.Theκlatshows negative temperature dependence and positive linear pressure dependence.Interestingly,theκlatundergos an increase at the phase boundary from perovskite to post-perovskite.We demonstrate that,along the geotherm,theκlatincreases by 18.2% at the phase boundary.Our results would be helpful for evaluating Earth’s thermal dynamics and improving the Earth model.展开更多
Objective:To identify potential serum protein candidates involved in linking the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)-defined qi deficiency constitution(QDC)to Pi-qi-deficiency syndrome(PQDS)of chronic superficial gastri...Objective:To identify potential serum protein candidates involved in linking the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)-defined qi deficiency constitution(QDC)to Pi-qi-deficiency syndrome(PQDS)of chronic superficial gastritis(CSG).Methods:Using participants with the TCM-defined balanced constitution as a control population,labelfree quantitative proteomics was adopted to identify differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in serum samples from two case populations:case population 1(participants with QDC)and case population 2(patients with PQDS of CSG).The DEPs discovered in both case populations were analyzed to identify common DEPs as potential candidates for proteins involved in the link between QDC and PQDS.Based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and analysis of proteineprotein interaction networks,we evaluated the possible functions of these potential serum candidates.Results:We discovered 24 and 28 proteins that were differentially expressed in case populations 1 and 2,respectively,compared with the control population.Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the expression profile of DEPs of individuals from the same population clustered well,while those from different populations were segregated.Furthermore,GO analysis revealed the 10 DEPs that were common to both case populations to be mainly associated with negative regulation of cellular metabolic and immune system processes while KEGG analysis indicated these proteins to be associated with complement and coagulation cascades and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling.Notably,serum levels of C4b-binding protein beta chain,glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D1 and MS-F1 light chain variable region proteins were notably higher in the two case populations compared with the control,particularly in the case of CSG with PQDS.Conclusion:The results presented here provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying development of PQDS of CSG from QDC,and suggest candidate serum biomarkers for future application in integrative medicine.展开更多
Objective:To screen for blood leukocyte microRNA(miRNA)biomarkers responsible for the association between the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)qi deficiency constitution(QDC)and the Pi-qi-deficiency syndrome(PQDS)of c...Objective:To screen for blood leukocyte microRNA(miRNA)biomarkers responsible for the association between the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)qi deficiency constitution(QDC)and the Pi-qi-deficiency syndrome(PQDS)of chronic superficial gastritis(CSG).Methods:Peripheral blood leukocytes were separated from people of two TCM constitutions(balance and qi deficiency)and from CSG patients with PQDS.Total RNA was isolated from the leukocytes and subjected to subsequent high-throughput miRNA sequencing to identify the miRNAs that are specifically and highly expressed in persons of QDC and CSG patients with PQDS.In addition,the target genes of the associated miRNAs were predicted.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway-based enrichment analyses of these target genes were performed to further evaluate the associated miRNA candidates as potential biomarkers responsible for the association between QDC and PQDS of CSG.Results:Compared with the control group with a balance constitution(P<.05,fold change>1.5 or<0.5),31 and 38 differentially expressed miRNAs were found in persons of QDC and CSG patients with PQDS,respectively.In particular,hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-146a-3p were highly expressed in both the persons of QDC and CSG patients with PQDS.GO analysis of the target genes of the two common miRNAs showed that they were mainly associated with functions related to synthesis and metabolism,such as cellular nitrogen compound metabolic processes,biosynthetic processes,cellular protein modification processes,and cellular component assembly.KEGG analysis identified the common pathways enriched among the target genes,including the Hippo signaling pathway and the transcriptional misregulation pathway.The common target genes of the two miRNAs seemed to be associated with the spliceosome pathway and the RNA degradation pathway.Conclusion:Hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-146a-3p may serve as candidate biomarkers responsible for the association between QDC and PQDS of CSG.展开更多
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52104112)the Research Foundation of the Department of Natural Resources of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.20230101DZ)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.2023JJ20062).
文摘Understanding the differences in mechanical properties and damage characteristics of granitoid under high temperatures is crucial for exploring deep geothermal resources.This study analyzes the evolution of the acoustic emission(AE)characteristics and mechanical parameters of granodiorite and granite after heating and water cooling by uniaxial compression and variable-angle shear tests under different temperature gradients.We identify their changes in mesostructure and mineral composition with electron probe microanalysis and scanning electron microscopy.Results show that these two hot dry rocks have similar diagenetic minerals and microstructure,but show significantly different mechanical and acoustic characteristics,and even opposing evolution trends in a certain temperature range.At the temperatures ranging from 100℃to 500℃,the compressive and shear mechanical properties of granodiorite switch repeatedly between weakening and strengthening,and those of granite show a continuous weakening trend.At 600℃,both rocks exhibit a deterioration of mechanical properties.The damage mode of granite is characterized by initiating at low stress,exponential evolutionary activity,and intensified energy release.In contrast,granodiorite exhibits the characteristics of initiating at high stress,volatile evolutionary activity,and intermittent energy release,due to its more stable microstructure and fewer thermal defects compared to granite.As the temperature increases,the initiation and propagation of secondary cracks in granodiorite are suppressed to a certain extent,and the seismicity and brittleness are enhanced.The subtle differences in grain size,microscopic heterogeneity,and mineral composition of the two hot dry rocks determine the different acoustic-mechanical characteristics under heating and cooling,and the evolution trends with temperature.These findings are of great significance for the scientific and efficient construction of rock mass engineering by rationally utilizing different rock strata properties.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.12272238 and No.11932013)the"Outstanding Young Scholar"Program of Shanghai Municipalthe"Dawn"Program of Shanghai Education Commission(Grant No.19SG47)。
文摘Background:Foot kinematics,such as excessive eversion and malalignment of the hindfoot,are believed to be associated with running-related injuries.The maj ority of studies to date show that different foot strike patterns influence these specific foot and ankle kinematics.However,technical deficiencies in traditional motion capture approaches limit knowledge of in vivo joint kinematics with respect to rearfoot and forefoot strike patterns(RFS and FFS,respectively).This study uses a high-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system(DFIS)to determine the effects of different foot strike patterns on 3D in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joints kinematics.Methods:Fifteen healthy male recreational runners underwent foot computed tomography scanning for the construction of 3-dimensional models.A high-speed DFIS(100 Hz)was used to collect 6 degrees of freedom kinematics for participants’tibiotalar and subtalar joints when they adopted RFS and FFS in barefoot condition.Results:Compared with RFS,FFS exhibited greater internal rotation at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint.The peak internal rotation angle of the tibiotalar joint under FFS was greater than under RFS(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=0.92).RFS showed more dorsiflexion at 0%-20%of the stance phase in the tibiotalar joint than FFS.RFS also presented a larger anterior translation(p<0.001,Cohen’s d=1.28)in the subtalar joint at i nitial contact than FFS.Conclusion:Running with acute barefoot FFS increases the internal rotation of the tibiotalar joint in the early stance.The use of high-speed DFIS to quantify the movement of the tibiotalar and subtalar joint was critical to revealing the effects of RF S and FFS during running.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1403400,2022YFA1403800,and 2019YFA0704900)the Fundamental Science Center of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52088101)+5 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.Z190009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11974394,1217442651271038)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(Grant No.XDB33000000)the Key Research Program of CAS(Grant No.ZDRW-CN-2021-3)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of CAS (Grant No.ZDKYYQ20210003)。
文摘Kagome materials have been studied intensively in condensed matter physics.With rich properties,various Kagome materials emerge during this process.Here,we grew single crystals of Y_(0.5)Fe_(3)Sn_(3)and confirmed an YCo_(6)Ge_(6)-type Kagome-lattice structure by detailed crystal structure characterizations.This compound bears an antiferromagnetic ordering at T_(N)= 551 K,and shows a weak ferromagnetism at low temperatures,where an anomalous Hall effect was observed,suggesting the non-zero Berry curvature.With the unstable antiferromagnetic ground state,our systematic investigations make Y_(0.5)Fe_(3)Sn_(3)a potential Kagome compound for Kagome or topological physics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51877203)the Science and Technology Foundation of State Grid Corporation of China(521205190014).
文摘This paper performs an experimental evaluation of thermolysis-driven gases generated by the thermal decomposition of 1 M LiPF6+EC/DMC=1/1 v/v electrolytes at various decomposition temperatures,pyrolysis durations,and oxygen concentrations.Carried out in a home-built autoclave filled with pure helium,the experiment reveals that as the decomposition temperature increases,more types and larger quantities of gases will be released.Specifically,the experimental results demonstrate trends of logistic growth in the volume concentration of CO2,C2H6O,C2H4,CO,and C2H4O2 with the increase of decomposition temperature.With a prolonged pyrolysis duration,while volume concentrations of certain gases,such as CO2,C2H6O,C2H5F,and CO would increase,the concentration of C2H4O2 actually decreases.Moreover,concentrations of both C2H4 and C2H5F will first decrease and reach their minimum values at 1%v/v oxygen concentration,and then they would quickly climb back at higher oxygen concentrations,while the concentrations of C2H6 and C2H3F would decrease monotonically.It is envisioned that the detailed experimental results and findings on the gas generation pattern of 1 M LiPF6+EC/DMC=1/1 v/v electrolytes can facilitate the development of an early warning mechanism of thermal runaway based on gas sensing technology,which can be effectively applied to monitor the potential thermal failures of lithium-ion batteries with the same type of electrolyte and thus promote the thermal safety of battery packs in safety-critical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21671039 and 21673241)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2015J01038)New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in Fujian Normal University(IRTSTFJ)。
文摘Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is a compelling technology to produce fuels and chemicals powered by renewable energy.It is highly desirable to develop cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This review has summarized recent progress in mechanism understanding of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for pH-universal HER.The general approaches have been demonstrated to overcome the activity/stability limitations of the electrocatalysts for HER in a broad pH range.The perspectives and challenges for the development of p H-universal HER electrocatalysts have also been proposed.This review sheds light on the design and fabrication of high-performance electrocatalysts for versatile HER-related energy technologies.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province,No.2013225303the Science and Technology Project of Shenyang City,No.F13-316-1-40
文摘AIM:To investigate angiopoietin(Ang) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in rats with ulcerative colitis(UC) and colorectal cancer(CRC).METHODS:Dysplasia and cancer were investigatedin rats that received three cycles of 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in drinking water for 7 d followed by distilled water for 14 d after intraperitoneal pretreatment with 20 mg/kg 1,2-dimethylhydrazine(DMH)(CRC group).Colitis was investigated in rats that received three cycles of 3.5% DSS in drinking water for 7 d followed by distilled water for 14 d after intraperitoneal pretreatment with saline(UC group).Rats without DSS or DMH treatment served as controls.Expression of the tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulinlike and EGF-like domains(Tie)-2 and its ligands,Ang-1 and Ang-2,as well as VEGF were evaluated in the colorectum by Western blotting.RESULTS:Compared with rats in the control group,rats in the CRC and UC groups developed the symptoms of acute colitis with diarrhea,rectal bleeding,wasting,and loss of body weight(P < 0.05).In addition,the mean length of colorectum of CRC and UC rats was significantly shorter than that of control rats(8.29 ± 0.21 and 8.31 ± 0.86,respectively,vs 12.34 ± 0.12 cm; P < 0.05).Furthermore,rats in the CRC group,but not in the UC or control groups,developed multiple tumors in the colorectal region.Western blot analysis revealed that rats in the CRC and UC groups had markedly increased protein levels of Ang-1,Ang-2,Tie-2,and VEGF in the colorectum compared to rats in the control group.CONCLUSION:Increased expression of Ang-1,Ang-2,Tie-2,and VEGF in ulcerative colitis-derived colorectal cancer might lead to chronic colitis and pathologic angiogenesis in rats.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81901847)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190177)the Suzhou Science and Technology Youth Plan(KJXW2018003)
文摘Purpose:The study aimed to establish a prognostic prediction model and an artificial neural network(ANN)model to determine who will benefit from transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)monotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)invading portal vein.Methods:Treatment-naive patients with HCC and portal vein invasion who were treated with TACE monotherapy at hospital A as training cohort and hospital B as validation cohort were included.The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS).In training cohort,independent risk factors associated with OS were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis.The prognostic prediction(PP)and ANN models based on the independent risk factors were established to find out who will benefit most from TACE monotherapy.The type of portal vein tumor thrombosis was classified based on the Cheng’s Classification.The accuracy of the models was validated in validation cohort.Results:Totally,242 patients(training cohort:n=159;validation cohort:n=83)were included.The median OS was 7.1 and 8.5 months in training and validation cohort,respectively.In training cohort,the PP model was established based on the following five independent risk factors:Cheng’s Classification,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score,maximum tumor size,number of HCC nodules,and Child-Pugh stage.PP score of 17.5 was identified as cut-off point and patients were divided into two groups by PP score<17.5 and>17.5 in survival benefit and prognostication(8.8 vs.5.5 months;P<0.001).These five factors were included and ranked based on the importance associated with OS in the ANN model.Both of the two models received high accuracy after validation.Conclusions:Portal vein invaded HCC patients with PP score<17.5 may benefit most from TACE monotherapy.For these patients,TACE monotherapy should be considered.
基金financially supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(U1132607)Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(2011312D11019).
文摘Seven new drimane-type sesquiterpennoids,phellinuins A-G(1-7),together with one known compound 3b,11,12-trihydroxydrimene(8)were isolated from the cultures of mushroom Phellinus tuberculosus.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and MS spectroscopic data and by comparison with data reported in the literature.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo. 81901847+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu ProvinceNo. BK20190177the Suzhou Science and Technology Youth PlanNo. KJXW2018003
文摘Multi-session transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is usually needed for the treatment of intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but it may not always have a positive influence on prognosis due to high heterogeneity of HCC.To avoid ineffective repeated TACE,the concept of TACE failure/refractoriness has been proposed by several organizations and is being addressed using tyrosine kinase inhibitors.The concept of TACE failure/refractoriness is controversial due to ambiguous definitions and low evidence-based data.To date,only a few studies have examined the rationality concerning the definition of TACE failure/refractoriness,although the concept has been introduced and applied in many TACE-related clinical trials.This review focuses on some of the issues related to different versions of TACE failure/refractoriness,the rationality of related definitions,and the feasibility of continuing TACE after so-called failure/refractoriness based on published evidence.A suggestion to re-define TAEC failure/refractoriness is also put forward.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Liaoning ProvinceNo.2013225303+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Shenyang CityNo.F13-316-1-40
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of chymase inhibitor TY-51469 in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Seventy-five healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the three groups(control group, model group and TY-51469 experiment group) and each group had twenty-five rats. The rats of the model group and experiment group were subjected to treatment with 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) 10 mg/kg to induce colitis. The control group and model group were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of saline, while the experiment group was subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg TY-51469 each day. Five rats of each group were sacrificed on 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 d, respectively. The degree of inflammation was assessed by histopathological scoring; flow cytometry was performed to detect the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in peripheral blood; colon tissues of rats were collected to measure m RNA and protein expression by PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry; serum levels of interleukin(IL)-10, transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 and IL-17A were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The rats in the experiment group and model group had significantly more severe colitis than the ones in the control group(P < 0.05) before treatment on day 0; no significant difference was observed between the experiment group and model group(P > 0.05). After treatment with TY-51469, the rats in the experiment group had significantly less severe colitis compared with the model group on 7, 14, 21 and 28 d(P < 0.05). The proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs was lower in the model group and experiment group than in the control group; the experiment group had a significantly higher proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs than that in the model group(P < 0.05). The model group and experiment group demonstrated lower expression of Foxp3 than the control group; the experiment group had higher Foxp3 expression than the model group(P < 0.05). Cytokines IL-10, TGF-β1 and IL-17 A were lower in the model group and experiment group than in the control group; the experiment group had higher expression than the model group(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: After treatment with chymase inhibitor TY-51469, the experiment group demonstrated more significantly reduced intestinal inflammation and higher expression of immune tolerance related cytokines(IL-10, TGF-β1, IL-17A) and Foxp3 which is specifically expressed in Tregs compared with the model group. Therefore, chymase inhibitor TY-51469 might ameliorate the progression of DSS-induced colitis possibly by increasing the expression of Tregs and cytokines.
基金grants from the National Science and Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period, No. 2006BAI05A07the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program), No. 2006cb500700+5 种基金the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China, No. 2004BA720A03the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30871354, 30710303061 and 30470619the Key Project in the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 08JJ3048the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 11JJ5071the Science and Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province, No. 2009SK3172the Graduate Degree Thesis Innovation Foundation of Central South University, No. 2008yb030
文摘Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) is a progressive, currently untreatable and ultimately fatal ataxic disorder that belongs to the group of neurological disorders known as CAG-repeat or polyglutamine diseases. Here, we present the first prenatal diagnosis of SCA3/MJD in China's Mainland in a woman who was known to carry an expanded CAG-trinucleotide repeat in the MJD1 gene. After evaluating motivation and psychological tolerance of the couple, amniocentesis was performed after 14 weeks of gestation. Polymerase chain reactions followed by T-vector cloning and direct sequencing were employed to evaluate the CAG-repeat number of the fetal MJD1 gene. We identified a truncated CAG expansion of 78 repeats in the MJD1 gene of the fetus compared with 81 repeats in his mother.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U1830206)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0403200)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11874424,11904401,11974423,and 12104507)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021RC4026)。
文摘Lattice thermal conductivity(κlat)of MgSiO_(3) perovskite and post-perovskite is an important parameter for the thermal dynamics in the Earth.Here,we develop a deep potential of density functional theory quality under entire thermodynamic conditions in the lower mantle,and calculate theκlatby the Green-Kubo relation.Deep potential molecular dynamics captures full-order anharmonicity and considers ill-defined phonons in low-κlatmaterials ignored in the phonon gas model.Theκlatshows negative temperature dependence and positive linear pressure dependence.Interestingly,theκlatundergos an increase at the phase boundary from perovskite to post-perovskite.We demonstrate that,along the geotherm,theκlatincreases by 18.2% at the phase boundary.Our results would be helpful for evaluating Earth’s thermal dynamics and improving the Earth model.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81430099,81300016)Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges(2014DFA32950).
文摘Objective:To identify potential serum protein candidates involved in linking the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)-defined qi deficiency constitution(QDC)to Pi-qi-deficiency syndrome(PQDS)of chronic superficial gastritis(CSG).Methods:Using participants with the TCM-defined balanced constitution as a control population,labelfree quantitative proteomics was adopted to identify differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in serum samples from two case populations:case population 1(participants with QDC)and case population 2(patients with PQDS of CSG).The DEPs discovered in both case populations were analyzed to identify common DEPs as potential candidates for proteins involved in the link between QDC and PQDS.Based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and analysis of proteineprotein interaction networks,we evaluated the possible functions of these potential serum candidates.Results:We discovered 24 and 28 proteins that were differentially expressed in case populations 1 and 2,respectively,compared with the control population.Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the expression profile of DEPs of individuals from the same population clustered well,while those from different populations were segregated.Furthermore,GO analysis revealed the 10 DEPs that were common to both case populations to be mainly associated with negative regulation of cellular metabolic and immune system processes while KEGG analysis indicated these proteins to be associated with complement and coagulation cascades and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling.Notably,serum levels of C4b-binding protein beta chain,glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D1 and MS-F1 light chain variable region proteins were notably higher in the two case populations compared with the control,particularly in the case of CSG with PQDS.Conclusion:The results presented here provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying development of PQDS of CSG from QDC,and suggest candidate serum biomarkers for future application in integrative medicine.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81430099,81300016&31500704)Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges(2014DFA32950).
文摘Objective:To screen for blood leukocyte microRNA(miRNA)biomarkers responsible for the association between the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)qi deficiency constitution(QDC)and the Pi-qi-deficiency syndrome(PQDS)of chronic superficial gastritis(CSG).Methods:Peripheral blood leukocytes were separated from people of two TCM constitutions(balance and qi deficiency)and from CSG patients with PQDS.Total RNA was isolated from the leukocytes and subjected to subsequent high-throughput miRNA sequencing to identify the miRNAs that are specifically and highly expressed in persons of QDC and CSG patients with PQDS.In addition,the target genes of the associated miRNAs were predicted.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway-based enrichment analyses of these target genes were performed to further evaluate the associated miRNA candidates as potential biomarkers responsible for the association between QDC and PQDS of CSG.Results:Compared with the control group with a balance constitution(P<.05,fold change>1.5 or<0.5),31 and 38 differentially expressed miRNAs were found in persons of QDC and CSG patients with PQDS,respectively.In particular,hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-146a-3p were highly expressed in both the persons of QDC and CSG patients with PQDS.GO analysis of the target genes of the two common miRNAs showed that they were mainly associated with functions related to synthesis and metabolism,such as cellular nitrogen compound metabolic processes,biosynthetic processes,cellular protein modification processes,and cellular component assembly.KEGG analysis identified the common pathways enriched among the target genes,including the Hippo signaling pathway and the transcriptional misregulation pathway.The common target genes of the two miRNAs seemed to be associated with the spliceosome pathway and the RNA degradation pathway.Conclusion:Hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-146a-3p may serve as candidate biomarkers responsible for the association between QDC and PQDS of CSG.
