Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a v...Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a variety of analysis programs for battlefield targets to traditional weapons have been developed,but a comprehensive assessment methodology for targets'vulnerability to laser is still missing.Based on the shotline method,this paper proposes a method that equates laser beam to shotline array,an efficient vulnerability analysis program of target to laser is established by this method,and the program includes the circuit board and the wire into the vulnerability analysis category,which improves the precision of the vulnerability analysis.Taking the UAV engine part as the target of vulnerability analysis,combine with the"life-death unit method"to calculate the laser penetration rate of various materials of the UAV,and the influence of laser weapon system parameters and striking orientation on the killing probability is quantified after introducing the penetration rate into the vulnerability analysis program.The quantitative analysis method proposed in this paper has certain general expansibility,which can provide a fresh idea for the vulnerability analysis of other targets to laser.展开更多
The recent pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)is posing a great threat to global public health.Therefore,rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting...The recent pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)is posing a great threat to global public health.Therefore,rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting appropriate treatments,saving people's lives and preventing epidemics.It is important to establish a quick standard diagnostic test for the detection of the infectious disease(COVID-19)to prevent subsequent secondary spread.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)is regarded as a gold standard test for the molecular diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections with high sensitivity and specificity.Isothermal nucleic acid amplification is considered to be a highly promising candidate method due to its fundamental advantage in quick procedure time at constant temperature without thermocycler opera-tion.A variety of improved or new approaches also have been developed.This review summarizes the currently available detection methods for coronavirus nucleic acid.It is anticipated that this will assist researchers and clinicians in developing better techniques for timely and effective detection of coro-navirus infection.展开更多
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small (approximately 22 nucleotides in length), noncoding, functional RNAs. With the development of molecular biology, the research of miRNA biological function has attra...MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small (approximately 22 nucleotides in length), noncoding, functional RNAs. With the development of molecular biology, the research of miRNA biological function has attracted significant interest, as abnormal miRNA expression is identified to contribute to serious human diseases such as cancers. Traditional methods for miRNA detection do not meet current demands. In particular, nanomaterial-based methods, nucleic acid amplification-based methods such as rolling circle amplification (RCA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), strand-displacement amplification (SDA) and some enzyme-free amplifications have been employed widely for the highly sensitive detection of miRNA. MiRNA functional research and clinical diagnostics have been accelerated by these new techniques. Herein, we summarize and discuss the recent progress in the development of miRNA detection methods and new applications. This review will provide guidelines for the development of follow-up miRNA detection methods with high sensitivity and specificity, and applicability to disease diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions...Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions of intrarenal flow signals, echogenicity, and flow fullness in main renal veins were observed with CDU. Resistance index (RI) was recorded from the waveforms of segmental or interlobar renal artery.Results Ten kidneys in nine patients were confirmed to have thrombus within the main renal veins, and one patient was confirmed to have thrombus within the small intrarenal veins. The appearances of the main renal vein thrombosis included full of solid echogenicity or strip echogenicity and complete or partial filling defect within the main renal veins, and absent or a few intrarenal venous flow signals in 70% of kidneys involved. The appearances of intrarenal vein thrombosis included obscure renal structure and no venous flow signal within the involved part of the kidneys. Reverse diastolic flow in the intrarenal artery had only a sensitivity of 36% (4/11); in other 7 kidneys without intrarenal arterial reverse diastolic flow, increased RI (mean, 0.84; range, 0.74-0.96) was found.Conclusion CDU is helpful for rapid clinical diagnosis and follow-up of RVT, and therefore can be the first imaging modality of choice for RVT.展开更多
Along with the continuous consumption in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the price of cobalt is inevitably going up in recent years. Therefore, recycling valuable Co element from spent devices, and boosting its service ...Along with the continuous consumption in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the price of cobalt is inevitably going up in recent years. Therefore, recycling valuable Co element from spent devices, and boosting its service efficiency are becoming two indispensable approaches to promote the utilization of Co in various energy conversion/storage devices. Herein, we realize the recovery of Co from spent LIBs and synthesize a three–dimensional (3D) sea-urchin-like cobalt nitride composite material (labeled as CoN-Gr-2), which is used as a bi-functional catalyst for water splitting. Benefiting from the intrinsic high conductivity, larger surface area and unique 3D sea–urchin–like architecture, CoN-Gr-2 shows an excellent electron transfer efficiency, highly exposed active sites as well as the superior mass transport capacity. The CoN-Gr-2 catalyst exhibits low overpotentials of 128.9 mV and 280 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are comparable to the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C and RuO_(2) catalysts. Moreover, when adopting CoN-Gr-2 as both anode and cathode materials for overall water splitting (in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte), the assembled cell achieves a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) at 1.61 V, which almost close to that of Pt/C||RuO_(2) benchmark (1.60 V), demonstrating its superior water-splitting efficiency. Meanwhile, the CoN catalysts exhibit strong chemical interaction with the Gr support, suppressing the aggregation of CoN catalysts and maintains their high activity during HER and OER reactions. So, the cell exhibits a high current retention of 97.3% after 40 h. This work successfully develops an industrial chain from recycling Co wastes in spent energy devices to controllably designing 3D sea-urchin-like CoN-Gr with high water splitting efficiency. Therefore, it could further promote the efficient utilization of valuable Co element in various energy devices.展开更多
Partial substitution of polyoxometalate(POM)is an efficient route to modulate the catalytic property of maternal POM.In this work,a new Keggin type POM involving{Ni 6}cluster,{[Ni(H_(2) O)_(2)(Dach)_(2)][Ni(Dach)_(2)]...Partial substitution of polyoxometalate(POM)is an efficient route to modulate the catalytic property of maternal POM.In this work,a new Keggin type POM involving{Ni 6}cluster,{[Ni(H_(2) O)_(2)(Dach)_(2)][Ni(Dach)_(2)]_(2)}{[Ni_(6)Cl(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2) O)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))][Ni_(6)(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2) O)_(2)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))]}Cl·27H_(2) O,(1,Dach=1,2-diaminocyclohexane)was synthesized.Compounds 1 shows excellent catalytic performance in the selective oxidation of aniline to azoxybenzene(AOB)in water.The apparently different results from that with the matrix{PW 9 O_(3)_(4)}({PW9})suggest the successful regulation of the catalytic property of{PW9}by the introduction of the{Ni6}cluster into the skeleton.The experimental results indicate that the highlighted performance of 1 is contributed by the synergy of W and Ni sites,which are respectively responsible for the oxidation and condensation steps in the production of AOB.The good selectivity to AOB is essentially attributed to the effective modulation of the reaction rates of oxidation and condensation steps by W and Ni sites,respectively.展开更多
In this study,the complex mechanical behavior of an aluminum/low-density polyethylene(LDPE)half sandwich structure was investigated during the blanking process.Mechanical tests were conducted for the polymer and metal...In this study,the complex mechanical behavior of an aluminum/low-density polyethylene(LDPE)half sandwich structure was investigated during the blanking process.Mechanical tests were conducted for the polymer and metal layer and the delamination behavior of the adhesive between the two layers.A new testing device was designed for detecting the delamination under tensile mode.Corresponding finite element models were established for the mechanical tests of the metal layer and the delamination of both layers for inverse parameter identifcation.Material parameters for Lemaitre-type damage,Drucker-Prager,and cohesive zone modeIs were identified for the metal,polymer,and adhesive,respectively.A finiteelement(FE)model was established for the blanking process of the sandwich structures.The experimental forcedisplacement curves,obtained in the blanking process of the half sandwich sheet,were compared with the predicted results of the FE model.The results showed that the predicted force-displacement curves and the experimental results were in good agreement.Additionally,the correlation between cutting clearance and changes in the forcedisplacement curves was obtained.Three feature values quantitatively described the imperfection of the experimental cutting edge.The effect of punch clearance on these values was studied numerically and experimentally.The results indicated that a smaller clearance generated a better cutting-edge quality.The stress state of the half sandwich structure during blanking was analyzed using the established FE model.展开更多
The conversion of CO_(2)into CO,CH_(4)and other hydrocarbons through solar energy can alleviate the energy shortage problem.We design a novel photocatalyst with S defects CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)hollow structure.The int...The conversion of CO_(2)into CO,CH_(4)and other hydrocarbons through solar energy can alleviate the energy shortage problem.We design a novel photocatalyst with S defects CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)hollow structure.The interlayerexpanded MoSe_(2)can increase the adsorption of intermediates.The unique hollow structure can improve the light utilization efficiency and the electron–holes separation.CuIn_(5)S_(8)with S vacancies in bimetallic sites has high selectivity and photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)activity.Therefore,S vacant CuIn_(5)S_(8)confined in a few-layers MoSe_(2)with interlayer-expanded hollow heterostructures exhibit super performance for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.After 8-h light reaction,the outputs of CO and CH_(4)for the 15.3 wt%CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)sample containing S vacancies(Vs)are 30.4 and 14.7 lmol·g^(-1),respectively.The mechanism is also investigated in detail through in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technology.展开更多
This work provides numerical and experimental investigations of blanking process,where the shear-enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model is fully characterized and successfully applied in blanking process to predict the cut...This work provides numerical and experimental investigations of blanking process,where the shear-enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model is fully characterized and successfully applied in blanking process to predict the cutting force and cutting edge geometry under different blanking process parameters.Advanced high strength steel DP1000 and an aluminum alloy Al6082-T6 are selected for series of experiments.To obtain the damage parameters in Lemaitre’s damage model the flat rectangular notched specimens tensile test was conducted and the inverse parameter identification procedure was performed.For characterizing the crack closure parameter h in the shear enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model,an in-plane torsion test with novel specimen design was conducted.The finite element model(FEM)of this test was established with the minimum mesh size of 0.01 mm which was consistent with the minimum mesh size in the shear zone of the FEM for blanking process simulation.The longitudinal strain distributions of four kinds of initial notch radius or central-hole specimen were measured and compared with simulation results to validate the FEMs for these four tests.Deformation analysis of blanking of a circular work piece also was performed under three clearances.The effects of blanking conditions on sheared part morphology were detected.Stress triaxiality distribution of the blank sheet was revealed taking advantage of the successfully established FEM.The availability of the testing method and the determination method of the parameters was investigated.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62005276,62175234)the Scientific and Technological Development Program of Jilin,China(Grant No.20230508111RC)to provide fund for this research。
文摘Laser anti-drone technology is entering the sequence of actual combat,and it is necessary to consider the vulnerability of typical functional parts of UAVs.Since the concept of"vulnerability"was proposed,a variety of analysis programs for battlefield targets to traditional weapons have been developed,but a comprehensive assessment methodology for targets'vulnerability to laser is still missing.Based on the shotline method,this paper proposes a method that equates laser beam to shotline array,an efficient vulnerability analysis program of target to laser is established by this method,and the program includes the circuit board and the wire into the vulnerability analysis category,which improves the precision of the vulnerability analysis.Taking the UAV engine part as the target of vulnerability analysis,combine with the"life-death unit method"to calculate the laser penetration rate of various materials of the UAV,and the influence of laser weapon system parameters and striking orientation on the killing probability is quantified after introducing the penetration rate into the vulnerability analysis program.The quantitative analysis method proposed in this paper has certain general expansibility,which can provide a fresh idea for the vulnerability analysis of other targets to laser.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 81973281)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019FZA7017)Leading Talent of“Ten Thousand Plan”-National High-Level Talents SpecialSupport Plan。
文摘The recent pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)is posing a great threat to global public health.Therefore,rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting appropriate treatments,saving people's lives and preventing epidemics.It is important to establish a quick standard diagnostic test for the detection of the infectious disease(COVID-19)to prevent subsequent secondary spread.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)is regarded as a gold standard test for the molecular diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections with high sensitivity and specificity.Isothermal nucleic acid amplification is considered to be a highly promising candidate method due to its fundamental advantage in quick procedure time at constant temperature without thermocycler opera-tion.A variety of improved or new approaches also have been developed.This review summarizes the currently available detection methods for coronavirus nucleic acid.It is anticipated that this will assist researchers and clinicians in developing better techniques for timely and effective detection of coro-navirus infection.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 81573389)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0908600)
文摘MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small (approximately 22 nucleotides in length), noncoding, functional RNAs. With the development of molecular biology, the research of miRNA biological function has attracted significant interest, as abnormal miRNA expression is identified to contribute to serious human diseases such as cancers. Traditional methods for miRNA detection do not meet current demands. In particular, nanomaterial-based methods, nucleic acid amplification-based methods such as rolling circle amplification (RCA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), strand-displacement amplification (SDA) and some enzyme-free amplifications have been employed widely for the highly sensitive detection of miRNA. MiRNA functional research and clinical diagnostics have been accelerated by these new techniques. Herein, we summarize and discuss the recent progress in the development of miRNA detection methods and new applications. This review will provide guidelines for the development of follow-up miRNA detection methods with high sensitivity and specificity, and applicability to disease diagnosis and therapy.
文摘Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions of intrarenal flow signals, echogenicity, and flow fullness in main renal veins were observed with CDU. Resistance index (RI) was recorded from the waveforms of segmental or interlobar renal artery.Results Ten kidneys in nine patients were confirmed to have thrombus within the main renal veins, and one patient was confirmed to have thrombus within the small intrarenal veins. The appearances of the main renal vein thrombosis included full of solid echogenicity or strip echogenicity and complete or partial filling defect within the main renal veins, and absent or a few intrarenal venous flow signals in 70% of kidneys involved. The appearances of intrarenal vein thrombosis included obscure renal structure and no venous flow signal within the involved part of the kidneys. Reverse diastolic flow in the intrarenal artery had only a sensitivity of 36% (4/11); in other 7 kidneys without intrarenal arterial reverse diastolic flow, increased RI (mean, 0.84; range, 0.74-0.96) was found.Conclusion CDU is helpful for rapid clinical diagnosis and follow-up of RVT, and therefore can be the first imaging modality of choice for RVT.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge financial support provided by the Key National Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.2018FA028,NO.2019FD039 and No.2019FY003023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51474191,No.52064049 and No.21467030)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(No.2020 J0016)the International Joint Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials of Yunnan Province(202003AE140001)the Key Laboratory of Solid State Ions for Green Energy of Yunnan University(2019)the Postdoctoral Foundation of Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Yunnan Province(No.W8163007)the Program for Outstand Young Talents(2018)of Yunnan University.
文摘Along with the continuous consumption in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the price of cobalt is inevitably going up in recent years. Therefore, recycling valuable Co element from spent devices, and boosting its service efficiency are becoming two indispensable approaches to promote the utilization of Co in various energy conversion/storage devices. Herein, we realize the recovery of Co from spent LIBs and synthesize a three–dimensional (3D) sea-urchin-like cobalt nitride composite material (labeled as CoN-Gr-2), which is used as a bi-functional catalyst for water splitting. Benefiting from the intrinsic high conductivity, larger surface area and unique 3D sea–urchin–like architecture, CoN-Gr-2 shows an excellent electron transfer efficiency, highly exposed active sites as well as the superior mass transport capacity. The CoN-Gr-2 catalyst exhibits low overpotentials of 128.9 mV and 280 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are comparable to the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C and RuO_(2) catalysts. Moreover, when adopting CoN-Gr-2 as both anode and cathode materials for overall water splitting (in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte), the assembled cell achieves a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) at 1.61 V, which almost close to that of Pt/C||RuO_(2) benchmark (1.60 V), demonstrating its superior water-splitting efficiency. Meanwhile, the CoN catalysts exhibit strong chemical interaction with the Gr support, suppressing the aggregation of CoN catalysts and maintains their high activity during HER and OER reactions. So, the cell exhibits a high current retention of 97.3% after 40 h. This work successfully develops an industrial chain from recycling Co wastes in spent energy devices to controllably designing 3D sea-urchin-like CoN-Gr with high water splitting efficiency. Therefore, it could further promote the efficient utilization of valuable Co element in various energy devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21773247,22275185,21521061,21875252)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2006L2005).
文摘Partial substitution of polyoxometalate(POM)is an efficient route to modulate the catalytic property of maternal POM.In this work,a new Keggin type POM involving{Ni 6}cluster,{[Ni(H_(2) O)_(2)(Dach)_(2)][Ni(Dach)_(2)]_(2)}{[Ni_(6)Cl(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2) O)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))][Ni_(6)(μ-OH)_(3)(H_(2) O)_(2)(Dach)_(3)(WO_(4))(PW9 O_(3)_(4))]}Cl·27H_(2) O,(1,Dach=1,2-diaminocyclohexane)was synthesized.Compounds 1 shows excellent catalytic performance in the selective oxidation of aniline to azoxybenzene(AOB)in water.The apparently different results from that with the matrix{PW 9 O_(3)_(4)}({PW9})suggest the successful regulation of the catalytic property of{PW9}by the introduction of the{Ni6}cluster into the skeleton.The experimental results indicate that the highlighted performance of 1 is contributed by the synergy of W and Ni sites,which are respectively responsible for the oxidation and condensation steps in the production of AOB.The good selectivity to AOB is essentially attributed to the effective modulation of the reaction rates of oxidation and condensation steps by W and Ni sites,respectively.
文摘In this study,the complex mechanical behavior of an aluminum/low-density polyethylene(LDPE)half sandwich structure was investigated during the blanking process.Mechanical tests were conducted for the polymer and metal layer and the delamination behavior of the adhesive between the two layers.A new testing device was designed for detecting the delamination under tensile mode.Corresponding finite element models were established for the mechanical tests of the metal layer and the delamination of both layers for inverse parameter identifcation.Material parameters for Lemaitre-type damage,Drucker-Prager,and cohesive zone modeIs were identified for the metal,polymer,and adhesive,respectively.A finiteelement(FE)model was established for the blanking process of the sandwich structures.The experimental forcedisplacement curves,obtained in the blanking process of the half sandwich sheet,were compared with the predicted results of the FE model.The results showed that the predicted force-displacement curves and the experimental results were in good agreement.Additionally,the correlation between cutting clearance and changes in the forcedisplacement curves was obtained.Three feature values quantitatively described the imperfection of the experimental cutting edge.The effect of punch clearance on these values was studied numerically and experimentally.The results indicated that a smaller clearance generated a better cutting-edge quality.The stress state of the half sandwich structure during blanking was analyzed using the established FE model.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52064049,21467030 and 51764048)the Key National Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(Nos.2018FA028 and 2019FY003023)+1 种基金the International Joint Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials of Yunnan Province(No.202003AE140001)the Key Laboratory of Solid-State Ions for Green Energy of Yunnan University(2019).
文摘The conversion of CO_(2)into CO,CH_(4)and other hydrocarbons through solar energy can alleviate the energy shortage problem.We design a novel photocatalyst with S defects CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)hollow structure.The interlayerexpanded MoSe_(2)can increase the adsorption of intermediates.The unique hollow structure can improve the light utilization efficiency and the electron–holes separation.CuIn_(5)S_(8)with S vacancies in bimetallic sites has high selectivity and photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)activity.Therefore,S vacant CuIn_(5)S_(8)confined in a few-layers MoSe_(2)with interlayer-expanded hollow heterostructures exhibit super performance for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.After 8-h light reaction,the outputs of CO and CH_(4)for the 15.3 wt%CuIn_(5)S_(8)@MoSe_(2)sample containing S vacancies(Vs)are 30.4 and 14.7 lmol·g^(-1),respectively.The mechanism is also investigated in detail through in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technology.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by the German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD).
文摘This work provides numerical and experimental investigations of blanking process,where the shear-enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model is fully characterized and successfully applied in blanking process to predict the cutting force and cutting edge geometry under different blanking process parameters.Advanced high strength steel DP1000 and an aluminum alloy Al6082-T6 are selected for series of experiments.To obtain the damage parameters in Lemaitre’s damage model the flat rectangular notched specimens tensile test was conducted and the inverse parameter identification procedure was performed.For characterizing the crack closure parameter h in the shear enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model,an in-plane torsion test with novel specimen design was conducted.The finite element model(FEM)of this test was established with the minimum mesh size of 0.01 mm which was consistent with the minimum mesh size in the shear zone of the FEM for blanking process simulation.The longitudinal strain distributions of four kinds of initial notch radius or central-hole specimen were measured and compared with simulation results to validate the FEMs for these four tests.Deformation analysis of blanking of a circular work piece also was performed under three clearances.The effects of blanking conditions on sheared part morphology were detected.Stress triaxiality distribution of the blank sheet was revealed taking advantage of the successfully established FEM.The availability of the testing method and the determination method of the parameters was investigated.
