随着社会经济的发展和对生态保护需求的增强,以防洪和兴利为目标的传统水库综合调度已经不能满足多样化的需求,进行多目标的水库综合优化调度显得尤为重要。为实现皂市水库水资源综合效益最优化,平衡社会效益、经济效益和生态效益,面向...随着社会经济的发展和对生态保护需求的增强,以防洪和兴利为目标的传统水库综合调度已经不能满足多样化的需求,进行多目标的水库综合优化调度显得尤为重要。为实现皂市水库水资源综合效益最优化,平衡社会效益、经济效益和生态效益,面向水库的发电、供水和生态要求,在不同来水条件下建立基于多目标混合蛙跳差分进化算法(Multi-objective Shuffled Frog Leaping Differential Evolution Algorithm,MSFL-DEA)求解的皂市水库优化调度模型,并采用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)与逼近理想点法(Technique for Oder Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solu⁃tion,TOPSIS)的组合赋权法进行不同决策偏好的方案优选。结果表明:随上游来水减少,水库的发电效益下降最为显著,其次为生态效益和供水效益;各来水频率下,生态与发电、供水与生态的竞争关系相对更为明显,发电与供水之间相对较弱;根据不同决策偏好,得出供水优先、发电优先、生态优先以及均衡优化4组方案,对比认为均衡方案偏向折中,且年内各月的供水、生态及发电过程也相对协调(以P=75%为例);该方案在来水频率分别为50%、75%和95%时,年发电量分别为3.697、2.981、2.155亿kWh,供水满足度为0.871、0.775、0.702,生态满足度为0.861、0.699、0.615。研究成果有利于提高水资源利用效率,为皂市水库的科学调度决策提供参考。展开更多
The main hazard-causing factors of tropical cyclones are strong wind,heavy rainfall,and storm surge.Evaluation of the hazard-causing degree of a tropical cyclone requires a joint intensity analysis of these hazard-cau...The main hazard-causing factors of tropical cyclones are strong wind,heavy rainfall,and storm surge.Evaluation of the hazard-causing degree of a tropical cyclone requires a joint intensity analysis of these hazard-causing factors.According to the maximum hourly mean wind speed,total rainfall,and maximum tide level at various observation stations in Hong Kong during these tropical cyclones,three hazard-causing indices for tropical cyclones are introduced:the strong-wind index(VI),total-rainfall index(RI),and tide-level index(LI).Through a joint probability analysis of VI,RI,and LI for a tropical cyclone affecting Hong Kong,the joint return period is calculated to evaluate its joint hazard-causing intensity.A limit state function of Hong Kong’s resistance to tropical cyclones is developed and used to evaluate the regional risk of tropical cyclones affecting Hong Kong.The results indicate that the joint return period of VI,RI,and LI can reflect the joint hazard-causing intensity of strong wind,heavy rain,and storm surge caused by tropical cyclones;if the overall design return periods of the regional structures decrease,the regional ability to defend against tropical cyclone disasters is degraded.展开更多
A prototype beam monitor was designed to provide tracking information for heavy-ion projectiles for the cool storage ring(CSR)external target experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).High gr...A prototype beam monitor was designed to provide tracking information for heavy-ion projectiles for the cool storage ring(CSR)external target experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).High granularity and direct charge sensing are the main features of this device.It measures the beam position in a two-dimensional(2D)plane transverse to the beam direction on an event-by-event basis.The current design consists of two field cages inside a single vessel that operates independently and has electrical drift fields in orthogonal directions.Preliminary tests of the prototype were performed using a^(241)Am a source.The results show that a spatial resolution of less than 40μm and a time resolution of less than 600 ns can be achieved.展开更多
文摘随着社会经济的发展和对生态保护需求的增强,以防洪和兴利为目标的传统水库综合调度已经不能满足多样化的需求,进行多目标的水库综合优化调度显得尤为重要。为实现皂市水库水资源综合效益最优化,平衡社会效益、经济效益和生态效益,面向水库的发电、供水和生态要求,在不同来水条件下建立基于多目标混合蛙跳差分进化算法(Multi-objective Shuffled Frog Leaping Differential Evolution Algorithm,MSFL-DEA)求解的皂市水库优化调度模型,并采用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)与逼近理想点法(Technique for Oder Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solu⁃tion,TOPSIS)的组合赋权法进行不同决策偏好的方案优选。结果表明:随上游来水减少,水库的发电效益下降最为显著,其次为生态效益和供水效益;各来水频率下,生态与发电、供水与生态的竞争关系相对更为明显,发电与供水之间相对较弱;根据不同决策偏好,得出供水优先、发电优先、生态优先以及均衡优化4组方案,对比认为均衡方案偏向折中,且年内各月的供水、生态及发电过程也相对协调(以P=75%为例);该方案在来水频率分别为50%、75%和95%时,年发电量分别为3.697、2.981、2.155亿kWh,供水满足度为0.871、0.775、0.702,生态满足度为0.861、0.699、0.615。研究成果有利于提高水资源利用效率,为皂市水库的科学调度决策提供参考。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China—Shandong Joint Fund under contract No.U1706226the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.52171284。
文摘The main hazard-causing factors of tropical cyclones are strong wind,heavy rainfall,and storm surge.Evaluation of the hazard-causing degree of a tropical cyclone requires a joint intensity analysis of these hazard-causing factors.According to the maximum hourly mean wind speed,total rainfall,and maximum tide level at various observation stations in Hong Kong during these tropical cyclones,three hazard-causing indices for tropical cyclones are introduced:the strong-wind index(VI),total-rainfall index(RI),and tide-level index(LI).Through a joint probability analysis of VI,RI,and LI for a tropical cyclone affecting Hong Kong,the joint return period is calculated to evaluate its joint hazard-causing intensity.A limit state function of Hong Kong’s resistance to tropical cyclones is developed and used to evaluate the regional risk of tropical cyclones affecting Hong Kong.The results indicate that the joint return period of VI,RI,and LI can reflect the joint hazard-causing intensity of strong wind,heavy rain,and storm surge caused by tropical cyclones;if the overall design return periods of the regional structures decrease,the regional ability to defend against tropical cyclone disasters is degraded.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11927901, U2032209, 12005046)
文摘A prototype beam monitor was designed to provide tracking information for heavy-ion projectiles for the cool storage ring(CSR)external target experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).High granularity and direct charge sensing are the main features of this device.It measures the beam position in a two-dimensional(2D)plane transverse to the beam direction on an event-by-event basis.The current design consists of two field cages inside a single vessel that operates independently and has electrical drift fields in orthogonal directions.Preliminary tests of the prototype were performed using a^(241)Am a source.The results show that a spatial resolution of less than 40μm and a time resolution of less than 600 ns can be achieved.
