Low-temperature plasma is a green and high-efficiency technology for chemical warfare agent(CWA)decontamination.However,traditional plasma devices suffer from the problems of highpower composition and large power-supp...Low-temperature plasma is a green and high-efficiency technology for chemical warfare agent(CWA)decontamination.However,traditional plasma devices suffer from the problems of highpower composition and large power-supply size,which limit their practical applications.In this paper,a self-driven microplasma decontamination system,induced by a dielectric-dielectric rotary triboelectric nanogenerator(dd-r TENG),was innovatively proposed for the decontamination of CWA simulants.The microplasma was characterized via electrical measurements,optical emission spectra and ozone concentration detection.With an output voltage of-3460 V,the dd-r TENG can successfully excite microplasma in air.Reactive species,such as OH,O(1D),Hαand O3were detected.With input average power of 0.116 W,the decontamination rate of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide reached 100%within 3 min of plasma treatment,while the decontamination rates of malathion and dimethyl methylphosphonate reached(65.92±1.65)%and(60.88±1.92)%after 7 min of plasma treatment,respectively.In addition,the decontamination rates gradually decreased with the increase in the simulant concentrations.Typical products were identified and analyzed.This study demonstrates the broad spectrum and feasibility of the dd-r TENG-microplasma for CWA elimination,which provides significant guidance for their practical applications in the future.展开更多
Symmetric six oxygen-coordinated Mn structural units(MnO6)in MnO2 with small Mn–O orbital overlap hamper electron transfer rates during energy storage.Herein,we report a novel bond angle modulation strategy to manipu...Symmetric six oxygen-coordinated Mn structural units(MnO6)in MnO2 with small Mn–O orbital overlap hamper electron transfer rates during energy storage.Herein,we report a novel bond angle modulation strategy to manipulate Mn–O orbital overlap in MnO2 through the construction of Mn vacancies(MnO2-VMn),aiming at expediting electron transfer,and thus enhancing energy storage performance.Both experimental and theoretical results disclose that the amplification of Mn–O–Mn bond angles exclusively augments the Mn(dx2-y2)-O(py)orbital overlap and triggers the electron redistribution in MnO2-VMn,inducing an augmented Mn dx2-y2 electron occupation.This heightened presence of active electrons in the Mn dx2-y2 orbital paves the way for accelerating electron transfer and ion transfer in MnO2-VMn.Notably,MnO2-VMn delivers an improved specific capacitance of 425 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a superior rate capacity of 265 F g−1 at 20 A g−1.Furthermore,an asymmetric supercapacitor(MnO2-VMn//AC ASC)was fabricated,exhibiting a high energy density of 64.3 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1000 W kg−1.Furthermore,theoretical insights uncover the profound implications of metal–oxygen–metal bond angle regulation on interatomic orbital overlap modulation.These revelations illuminate pathways for the design of advanced energy storage materials.展开更多
The scenario of geothermal tunnel is commonly observed around the world,and increases with the new constructions in the long and deep tunnels,for example in China.Tunnel insulation is generally divided into active and...The scenario of geothermal tunnel is commonly observed around the world,and increases with the new constructions in the long and deep tunnels,for example in China.Tunnel insulation is generally divided into active and passive insulation.In passive insulation,it is an effective way to set low thermal con-ductivity materials as the thermal insulation layer as the choice of insulation material mainly depends on the thermal conductivity.Polymer is a kind of material with good geothermal performance,but there are relatively few studies.In this context,the transient plane source(TPS)method was used to measure the thermal conductivity of the developed polymer.Then,the temperature field of the high geothermal tunnel insulated by the non-aqueous reactive polymer layer was simulated.With the parametric analysis results,the suggestions for the tunnel layers were proposed accordingly.It revealed that the thermal conductivity of polymer first increases and then decreases with temperature.There are two rising sec-tions(?40e10?C and 20e90?C),one flat section(10e20?C)and one descending section(>90?C).It is observed the thermal conductivity of polymer increases with increase of the density of insulation layer and the density,and the thermal conductivity decreases when exposed to high temperatures.The temperature of the surrounding rocks increases with increase of the thermal conductivity and the thickness of polymer.Finally,a more economical thickness(5 cm)was proposed.Based on the parametric study,a thermal insulation layer with thermal conductivity less than 0.045 W/(m K),thickness of 5 cm and a density less than 0.12 g/cm 3 is suggested for practice.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg)affects various critical physiological and biochemical processes in higher plants,and its deficiency impedes plant growth and development.Although potassium(K)-induced Mg deficiency in agricultural produc...Magnesium(Mg)affects various critical physiological and biochemical processes in higher plants,and its deficiency impedes plant growth and development.Although potassium(K)-induced Mg deficiency in agricultural production is widespread,the specific relationship of K with Mg and especially its competitive nature is poorly understood.This review summarizes current knowledge on the interactions between K and Mg with respect to their root uptake,root-to-shoot translocation and distribution in plants.Their synergistic effects on certain physiological functions are also described.The antagonistic effect of K on Mg is stronger than that of Mg on K in root absorption and transport within plants,indicating that the balanced use of K and Mg fertilizers is necessary for sustaining high plant-available Mg and alleviating K-induced Mg deficiency,especially in plant species with high K demand or in highavailable-K soil.The relationship between Mg and K in plant tissues may be antagonistic or synergistic depending on plant species,cell type,leaf age,source-and sink organs.There are synergistic effects of K and Mg on photosynthesis,carbohydrate transport and allocation,nitrogen metabolism,and turgor regulation.Definition of optimal K/Mg ratios for soils and plant tissues is desirable for maintaining proper nutritional status in plants,leading to a physiological state supporting crop production.Future research should concentrate on identifying the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between K and Mg in a given physiological function.展开更多
High grain protein content(GPC) reduces rice eating and cooking quality(ECQ). We generated OsAAP6 and OsAAP10 knockout mutants in three high-yielding japonica varieties and one japonica line using the CRISPR/Cas9 syst...High grain protein content(GPC) reduces rice eating and cooking quality(ECQ). We generated OsAAP6 and OsAAP10 knockout mutants in three high-yielding japonica varieties and one japonica line using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Mutation efficiency varied with genetic background in the T_0 generation, and GPC in the T_1 generation decreased significantly,owing mainly to a reduction in glutelin content. Amylose content was down-regulated significantly in some Osaap6 and all Osaap10 mutants. The increased taste value of these mutants was supported by Rapid Visco Analysis(RVA) profiles, which showed higher peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity and lower setback viscosity than the wild type. There were no significant deficiencies in agronomic traits of the mutants. Targeted mutagenesis of OsAAP6 and OsAAP10, especially OsAAP10, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system can rapidly reduce GPC and improve ECQ of rice, providing a new strategy for the breeding cultivars with desired ECQ.展开更多
High-fidelity two-qubit gates are essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computation and simulation.Tunable coupler design is used to reduce the problem of parasitic coupling and frequency crowding in ma...High-fidelity two-qubit gates are essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computation and simulation.Tunable coupler design is used to reduce the problem of parasitic coupling and frequency crowding in manyqubit systems and thus thought to be advantageous. Here we design an extensible 5-qubit system in which center transmon qubit can couple to every four near-neighboring qubits via a capacitive tunable coupler and experimentally demonstrate high-fidelity controlled-phase(CZ) gate by manipulating central qubit and one nearneighboring qubit. Speckle purity benchmarking and cross entropy benchmarking are used to assess the purity fidelity and the fidelity of the CZ gate. The average purity fidelity of the CZ gate is 99.69±0.04% and the average fidelity of the CZ gate is 99.65±0.04%, which means that the control error is about 0.04%. Our work is helpful for resolving many challenges in implementation of large-scale quantum systems.展开更多
Gaussian-modulated coherent state quantum key distribution is gradually moving towards practical application. Generally, the involved scheme is based on the binary random basis choice. To improve the performance and s...Gaussian-modulated coherent state quantum key distribution is gradually moving towards practical application. Generally, the involved scheme is based on the binary random basis choice. To improve the performance and security, we present a scheme based on a continuous random basis choice. The results show that our scheme obviously improves the performance, such as the secure communication distance. Our scheme avoids comparing the measurement basis and discarding the key bits, and it can be easily implemented with current technology. Moreover, the imperfection of the basis choice can be well removed by the known phase compensation algorithm.展开更多
Magnetoresistive random access memories(MRAMs)have drawn the attention of radiation researchers due to their potential high radiation tolerance.In particular,spin-orbit torque MRAM(SOT-MRAM)has the best performance on...Magnetoresistive random access memories(MRAMs)have drawn the attention of radiation researchers due to their potential high radiation tolerance.In particular,spin-orbit torque MRAM(SOT-MRAM)has the best performance on endurance and access speed,which is considered to be one of the candidates to replace SRAM for space application.However,little attention has been given to theγ-ray irradiation effect on the SOT-MRAM device yet.Here,we report the Co-60 irradiation results for both SOT(spin-orbit torque)magnetic films and SOT-Hall devices with the same stacks.The properties of magnetic films are not affected by radiation even with an accumulated dose up to 300 krad(Si)while the magnetoelectronic properties of SOTHall devices exhibit a reversible change behavior during the radiation.We propose a non-equilibrium anomalous Hall effect model to understand the phenomenon.Achieved results and proposed analysis in this work can be used for the material and structure design of memory cell in radiation-hardened SOT-MRAM.展开更多
For Internet forum Points of Interest(PoI),existing analysis methods are usually lack of usability analysis under different conditions and ignore the long-term variation,which lead to blindness in method selection.To ...For Internet forum Points of Interest(PoI),existing analysis methods are usually lack of usability analysis under different conditions and ignore the long-term variation,which lead to blindness in method selection.To address this problem,this paper proposed a PoI variation prediction framework based on similarity analysis between long and short windows.Based on the framework,this paper presented 5 PoI analysis algorithms which can be categorized into 2 types,i.e.,the traditional sequence analysis methods such as autoregressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA),support vector regressor(SVR),and the deep learning methods such as convolutional neural network(CNN),long-short term memory network(LSTM),Transformer(TRM).Specifically,this paper firstly divides observed data into long and short windows,and extracts key words as PoI of each window.Then,the PoI similarities between long and short windows are calculated for training and prediction.Finally,series of experiments is conducted based on real Internet forum datasets.The results show that,all the 5 algorithms could predict PoI variations well,which indicate effectiveness of the proposed framework.When the length of long window is small,traditional methods perform better,and SVR is the best.On the contrary,the deep learning methods show superiority,and LSTM performs best.The results could provide beneficial references for PoI variation analysis and prediction algorithms selection under different parameter configurations.展开更多
The development of high-fidelity two-qubit quantum gates is essential for digital quantum computing.Here,we propose and realize an all-microwave parametric controlled-Z(CZ)gates by coupling strength modulation in a su...The development of high-fidelity two-qubit quantum gates is essential for digital quantum computing.Here,we propose and realize an all-microwave parametric controlled-Z(CZ)gates by coupling strength modulation in a superconducting Transmon qubit system with tunable couplers.After optimizing the design of the tunable coupler together with the control pulse numerically,we experimentally realized a 100 ns CZ gate with high fidelity of 99.38%±0.34%and the control error being 0.1%.We note that our CZ gates are not affected by pulse distortion and do not need pulse correction,providing a solution for the real-time pulse generation in a dynamic quantum feedback circuit.With the expectation of utilizing our all-microwave control scheme to reduce the number of control lines through frequency multiplexing in the future,our scheme draws a blueprint for the high-integrable quantum hardware design.展开更多
diabetes mellitus(DM)is a disease syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia.A long-term high-glucose environment leads to reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and nuclear DNA damage.human umbilical cord mesen...diabetes mellitus(DM)is a disease syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia.A long-term high-glucose environment leads to reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and nuclear DNA damage.human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(HUcMSC)infusion induces significant antidiabetic effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats.Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)receptor(IGF1R)is important in promoting glucose metabolism in diabetes;however,the mechanism by which HUcMSC can treat diabetes through IGF1R and DNA damage repair remains unclear.In this study,a DM rat model was induced with high-fat diet feeding and streptozotocin(STZ)administration and rats were infused four times with HUcMSC.Blood glucose,interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10,glomerular basement membrane,and renal function were examined.Proteins that interacted with IGF1R were determined through coimmunoprecipitation assays.The expression of IGF1R,phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2(p-CHK2),and phosphorylated protein 53(p-p53)was examined using immunohistochemistry(IHC)and western blot analysis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine the serum levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG).Flow cytometry experiments were used to detect the surface markers of HUcMSC.The identification of the morphology and phenotype of HUcMSC was performed by way of oil red“O”staining and Alizarin red staining.DM rats exhibited abnormal blood glucose and IL-6/10 levels and renal function changes in the glomerular basement membrane,increased the expression of IGF1 and IGF1R.IGF1R interacted with CHK2,and the expression of p-CHK2 was significantly decreased in IGF1R-knockdown cells.When cisplatin was used to induce DNA damage,the expression of p-CHK2 was higher than that in the IGF1R-knockdown group without cisplatin treatment.HUcMSC infusion ameliorated abnormalities and preserved kidney structure and function in DM rats.The expression of IGF1,IGF1R,p-CHK2,and p-p53,and the level of 8-OHdG in the DM group increased significantly compared with those in the control group,and decreased after HUcMSC treatment.Our results suggested that IGF1R could interact with CHK2 and mediate DNA damage.HUcMSC infusion protected against kidney injury in DM rats.The underlying mechanisms may include HUcMSC-mediated enhancement of diabetes treatment via the IGF1R-CHK2-p53 signalling pathway.展开更多
Safe confinement of fission iodine isotopes for long-term radioactive waste disposal remains a formidable challenge,as conventional sorbents provide inherently weak iodine-host interactions.We report here a novel halo...Safe confinement of fission iodine isotopes for long-term radioactive waste disposal remains a formidable challenge,as conventional sorbents provide inherently weak iodine-host interactions.We report here a novel halogen bond(X-bond)directed strategy to sequester volatile iodine in hydrogen-bonded(H-bonded)frameworks with unprecedented stability.Charge-assisted Hbonded frameworks bearing open halide sites are developed,showing distinctive iodine encapsulation behaviors without compromising the crystallinity.Direct crystallographic evidence indicates the formation of X-bonds,i.e.,I–I···Cl^(−) and I–I···Br^(−),within the confined pore channels.Unusual polyhalogen anions,i.e.,[I_(2)Cl_(2)]^(2−)and[I_(2)Br_(2)]^(2−),sustained in H-bonded frameworks are identified for the first time.The X-bond reinforced host-guest interaction affords robust iodine trapping without leaking out even at elevated temperatures up to 180℃.By integrating the halogen-bond chemistry with H-bonded frameworks,this study offers fresh concepts for developing effective host reservoirs to secure fission iodine isotopes from spent fuel reprocessing off-gases.展开更多
Bone defects and non-union are prevalent in clinical orthopedy,and the outcomes of current treatments are often suboptimal.Bone tissue engineering offers a promising approach to treating these conditions effectively.B...Bone defects and non-union are prevalent in clinical orthopedy,and the outcomes of current treatments are often suboptimal.Bone tissue engineering offers a promising approach to treating these conditions effectively.Bone morphogenetic protein 9(BMP9)can commit mesenchymal stem cells to osteogenic lineage,and a knowledge of the underlying mechanisms may help advance the field of bone tissue engineering.Leucine-rich repeats con-taining G protein-coupled receptor 4(LGR4),a member of G protein-coupled receptors,is essential for modulating bone development.This study is aimed at investigating the impact of LGR4 on BMP9-induced osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells as well as the underlying mechanisms.Bone marrow stromal cells from BMp9-knockout mice exhibited diminished LGR4 expression,and exogenous LGR4 clearly restored the impaired osteogenic potency of the bone marrow stromal cells.Furthermore,LGR4 expression was increased by BMP9 in C3H10T1/2 cells.LGR4 augmented the benefits of BMP9-induced osteogenic markers and bone formation,whereas LGR4 inhibition restricted these effects.Meanwhile,the BMP9-induced li-pogenic markers were increased by LGR4 inhibition.The protein levels of Raptor and p-Stat3 were elevated by BMP9.Raptor knockdown or p-Stat3 suppression attenuated the osteoblastic markers and LGR4 expression brought on by BMP9.LGR4 significantly reversed the blocking ef-fect of Raptor knockdown or p-Stat3 suppression on the BMP9-induced osteoblastic markers.Raptor interacts with p-Stat3,and p-Stat3 activates the LGR4 promoter activity.In conclusion,LGR4 boosts BMP9 osteoblastic potency in mesenchymal stem cells,and BMP9 may up-regulate LGR4 via the mTORC1/Stat3 signal activation.展开更多
To explore the impact of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection and clinical outcomes in patients with autoimmune liver disease(AILD).Patients diagnosed with ...To explore the impact of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection and clinical outcomes in patients with autoimmune liver disease(AILD).Patients diagnosed with AILD were enrolled and divided into a UDCA group and a non-UDCA group based on whether they received UDCA treatment.Relevant data were collected regarding AILD diagnosis,treatment,biochemical indicators,and imaging examination.The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the prognosis of AILD patients were observed.A total of 1,138 patients completed follow-up.The usage rate of hormone(P=0.003)and immunosuppressant(P=0.001)used for treating AILD in the non-UDCA group was markedly lower than in the UDCA group.The UDCA usage rate was markedly lower in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients than in uninfected patients(P=0.003).The rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the non-UDCA group was significantly higher than in the UDCA group(P=0.018).Logistic regression analysis showed that UDCA use(P=0.003)was correlated to a lower incidence of SARS-CoV-2,while immunosuppressant use(P=0.017)increased the incidence.Recovery time from SARS-CoV-2 infection was markedly longer for those receiving UDCA treatment than those in the non-UDCA group(P=0.018).UDCA is associated with low SARS-CoV-2 incidence in AILD patients,while immunosuppressant increases its incidence instead.Patients receiving UDCA treatment have a longer recovery time after being infected.展开更多
Erratum to Nano Research 2023,16(3):4100−4106 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5423-y In the first pages of the maintext and the ESM of the original version of this paper,the order of affiliations of the authors was...Erratum to Nano Research 2023,16(3):4100−4106 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5423-y In the first pages of the maintext and the ESM of the original version of this paper,the order of affiliations of the authors was in a wrong sequence.“Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials,College of Chemistry,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China”should be the first affiliation and“Beijing Graphene Institute,Beijing 100094,China”should be the second affiliation.展开更多
An array of rare-earth bis(aminobenzyl)complexes supported by imidazolin-2-iminato ligands were synthesized and structurally characterized.These complexes showed high activity towards ortho-Csp^(2)–H alkylation of 2-...An array of rare-earth bis(aminobenzyl)complexes supported by imidazolin-2-iminato ligands were synthesized and structurally characterized.These complexes showed high activity towards ortho-Csp^(2)–H alkylation of 2-alkylpyridines and benzylic Csp^(3)–H alkylation of 2,6-dialkylpyridines with alkenes.A wide range of alkyl or aryl substituted olefin substrates are compatible,providing an atom-economical route to linear or branched alkylated pyridine derivatives in moderate to high yields(45 examples,up to 99%yield).The primary study suggested that the asymmetric version of Csp^(3)–H alkylation of 2,4,6-collidine with allylbenzene was feasible with chiral imidazolin-2-iminato-ligated scandium(III)complexes,and good yield with moderate enantioselectivity was obtained(84%yield,84:16 er).Mechanistic investigations including kinetic isotope effect(KIE)experiments and density functional theory(DFT)calculations shed light on the catalytic cycle and the origin of enantiocontrol.展开更多
Although the performance of the self-standing electrode has been enhanced for aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs),it is necessary to explore and analyse the deep modification mechanism(especially interface effects).Here...Although the performance of the self-standing electrode has been enhanced for aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs),it is necessary to explore and analyse the deep modification mechanism(especially interface effects).Herein,density functional theory(DFT)calculations are applied to investigate the high-performance cathode based on the VO_(2)/carbon cloth composites with heterostructures interface(H-VO_(2)@CC).The adsorption energy comparisons and electron structure analyses verify that HVO_(2)@CC has extra activated sites at the interface,enhanced electrical conductivity,and structural stability for achieving highperformance AZIBs due to the presence of built-in electric field at the interfaces.Accordingly,the designed self-standing HVO_(2)@CC cathode delivers higher rate capacity,longer-life cyclability,and faster electronic/ion transmission kinetics benefiting from the synergistic effects.The risks of active material shedding and dissolution during the dis/charge process of two cathodes were evaluated via ex-situ ultraviolet–visible(UV–vis)spectrum and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)technique.Finally,this investigation also explores the charge storage mechanism of H-VO_(2)@CC through various exsitu and in-situ characterization techniques.This finding can shed light on the significant potential of heterostructures interface engineering in practical applications and provide a valuable direction for the development of cathode materials for AZIBs and other metal-ion batteries.展开更多
Tattoo electronics has attracted intensive interest in recent years due to its comfortable wearing and imperceivable sensing,and has been broadly applied in wearable healthcare and human-machine interface.However,the ...Tattoo electronics has attracted intensive interest in recent years due to its comfortable wearing and imperceivable sensing,and has been broadly applied in wearable healthcare and human-machine interface.However,the tattoo electrodes are mostly composed of metal films and conductive polymers.Two-dimensional(2D)materials,which are superior in conductivity and stability,are barely studied for electronic tattoos.Herein,we reported a novel electronic tattoo based on large-area Mo_(2)C film grown by chemical vapor deposition(CVD),and applied it to accurately and imperceivably acquire on-body electrophysiological signals and interface with robotics.High-quality Mo_(2)C film was obtained via optimizing the distribution of gas flow during CVD growth.According to the finite element simulation(FES),bottom surface of Cu foil covers more stable gas flow than the top surface,thus leading to more uniform Mo_(2)C film.The resulting Mo_(2)C film was transferred onto tattoo paper,showing a total thickness of~3μm,sheet resistance of 60-150Ω/sq,and skin-electrode impedance of~5×10^(5)Ω.Such thin Mo_(2)C electronic tattoo(MCET in short)can form conformal contact with skin and accurately record electrophysiological signals,including electromyography(EMG),electrocardiogram(ECG),and electrooculogram(EOG).These body signals collected by MCET can not only reflect the health status but also be transformed to control the robotics for human-machine interface.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51877205)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.buct201906)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian(No.SKLNBC2021-0X)Beijing Nova Program(No.2022015)。
文摘Low-temperature plasma is a green and high-efficiency technology for chemical warfare agent(CWA)decontamination.However,traditional plasma devices suffer from the problems of highpower composition and large power-supply size,which limit their practical applications.In this paper,a self-driven microplasma decontamination system,induced by a dielectric-dielectric rotary triboelectric nanogenerator(dd-r TENG),was innovatively proposed for the decontamination of CWA simulants.The microplasma was characterized via electrical measurements,optical emission spectra and ozone concentration detection.With an output voltage of-3460 V,the dd-r TENG can successfully excite microplasma in air.Reactive species,such as OH,O(1D),Hαand O3were detected.With input average power of 0.116 W,the decontamination rate of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide reached 100%within 3 min of plasma treatment,while the decontamination rates of malathion and dimethyl methylphosphonate reached(65.92±1.65)%and(60.88±1.92)%after 7 min of plasma treatment,respectively.In addition,the decontamination rates gradually decreased with the increase in the simulant concentrations.Typical products were identified and analyzed.This study demonstrates the broad spectrum and feasibility of the dd-r TENG-microplasma for CWA elimination,which provides significant guidance for their practical applications in the future.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21575016U20A20154+1 种基金22279005)the National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals。
文摘Symmetric six oxygen-coordinated Mn structural units(MnO6)in MnO2 with small Mn–O orbital overlap hamper electron transfer rates during energy storage.Herein,we report a novel bond angle modulation strategy to manipulate Mn–O orbital overlap in MnO2 through the construction of Mn vacancies(MnO2-VMn),aiming at expediting electron transfer,and thus enhancing energy storage performance.Both experimental and theoretical results disclose that the amplification of Mn–O–Mn bond angles exclusively augments the Mn(dx2-y2)-O(py)orbital overlap and triggers the electron redistribution in MnO2-VMn,inducing an augmented Mn dx2-y2 electron occupation.This heightened presence of active electrons in the Mn dx2-y2 orbital paves the way for accelerating electron transfer and ion transfer in MnO2-VMn.Notably,MnO2-VMn delivers an improved specific capacitance of 425 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a superior rate capacity of 265 F g−1 at 20 A g−1.Furthermore,an asymmetric supercapacitor(MnO2-VMn//AC ASC)was fabricated,exhibiting a high energy density of 64.3 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1000 W kg−1.Furthermore,theoretical insights uncover the profound implications of metal–oxygen–metal bond angle regulation on interatomic orbital overlap modulation.These revelations illuminate pathways for the design of advanced energy storage materials.
文摘The scenario of geothermal tunnel is commonly observed around the world,and increases with the new constructions in the long and deep tunnels,for example in China.Tunnel insulation is generally divided into active and passive insulation.In passive insulation,it is an effective way to set low thermal con-ductivity materials as the thermal insulation layer as the choice of insulation material mainly depends on the thermal conductivity.Polymer is a kind of material with good geothermal performance,but there are relatively few studies.In this context,the transient plane source(TPS)method was used to measure the thermal conductivity of the developed polymer.Then,the temperature field of the high geothermal tunnel insulated by the non-aqueous reactive polymer layer was simulated.With the parametric analysis results,the suggestions for the tunnel layers were proposed accordingly.It revealed that the thermal conductivity of polymer first increases and then decreases with temperature.There are two rising sec-tions(?40e10?C and 20e90?C),one flat section(10e20?C)and one descending section(>90?C).It is observed the thermal conductivity of polymer increases with increase of the density of insulation layer and the density,and the thermal conductivity decreases when exposed to high temperatures.The temperature of the surrounding rocks increases with increase of the thermal conductivity and the thickness of polymer.Finally,a more economical thickness(5 cm)was proposed.Based on the parametric study,a thermal insulation layer with thermal conductivity less than 0.045 W/(m K),thickness of 5 cm and a density less than 0.12 g/cm 3 is suggested for practice.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0200901 and 2016YFD0200305)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KJQN201514 and KYZ201625)。
文摘Magnesium(Mg)affects various critical physiological and biochemical processes in higher plants,and its deficiency impedes plant growth and development.Although potassium(K)-induced Mg deficiency in agricultural production is widespread,the specific relationship of K with Mg and especially its competitive nature is poorly understood.This review summarizes current knowledge on the interactions between K and Mg with respect to their root uptake,root-to-shoot translocation and distribution in plants.Their synergistic effects on certain physiological functions are also described.The antagonistic effect of K on Mg is stronger than that of Mg on K in root absorption and transport within plants,indicating that the balanced use of K and Mg fertilizers is necessary for sustaining high plant-available Mg and alleviating K-induced Mg deficiency,especially in plant species with high K demand or in highavailable-K soil.The relationship between Mg and K in plant tissues may be antagonistic or synergistic depending on plant species,cell type,leaf age,source-and sink organs.There are synergistic effects of K and Mg on photosynthesis,carbohydrate transport and allocation,nitrogen metabolism,and turgor regulation.Definition of optimal K/Mg ratios for soils and plant tissues is desirable for maintaining proper nutritional status in plants,leading to a physiological state supporting crop production.Future research should concentrate on identifying the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between K and Mg in a given physiological function.
基金financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871241,31371233)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BE2017345,PZCZ201702,BE2018351)the Research and Innovation Program of Postgraduate in Jiangsu Province(KYCX17_1886)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Yangzhou University International Academic Exchange Fund。
文摘High grain protein content(GPC) reduces rice eating and cooking quality(ECQ). We generated OsAAP6 and OsAAP10 knockout mutants in three high-yielding japonica varieties and one japonica line using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Mutation efficiency varied with genetic background in the T_0 generation, and GPC in the T_1 generation decreased significantly,owing mainly to a reduction in glutelin content. Amylose content was down-regulated significantly in some Osaap6 and all Osaap10 mutants. The increased taste value of these mutants was supported by Rapid Visco Analysis(RVA) profiles, which showed higher peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity and lower setback viscosity than the wild type. There were no significant deficiencies in agronomic traits of the mutants. Targeted mutagenesis of OsAAP6 and OsAAP10, especially OsAAP10, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system can rapidly reduce GPC and improve ECQ of rice, providing a new strategy for the breeding cultivars with desired ECQ.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0304300)the Chinese Academy of Sciences+6 种基金Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information TechnologiesTechnology Committee of Shanghai Municipalitythe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.11905217,11774326,and 11905294)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2019SHZDZX01)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.19ZR1462700)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Provice(Grant No.2020B0303030001)the Youth Talent Lifting Project(Grant No.2020-JCJQ-QT-030)。
文摘High-fidelity two-qubit gates are essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computation and simulation.Tunable coupler design is used to reduce the problem of parasitic coupling and frequency crowding in manyqubit systems and thus thought to be advantageous. Here we design an extensible 5-qubit system in which center transmon qubit can couple to every four near-neighboring qubits via a capacitive tunable coupler and experimentally demonstrate high-fidelity controlled-phase(CZ) gate by manipulating central qubit and one nearneighboring qubit. Speckle purity benchmarking and cross entropy benchmarking are used to assess the purity fidelity and the fidelity of the CZ gate. The average purity fidelity of the CZ gate is 99.69±0.04% and the average fidelity of the CZ gate is 99.65±0.04%, which means that the control error is about 0.04%. Our work is helpful for resolving many challenges in implementation of large-scale quantum systems.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61332019,61671287,and 61631014)Northwest University Doctorate Dissertation of Excellence Funds,China(Grant No.YYB17022)the National Key Research and Development Program,China(Grant No.2016YFA0302600)
文摘Gaussian-modulated coherent state quantum key distribution is gradually moving towards practical application. Generally, the involved scheme is based on the binary random basis choice. To improve the performance and security, we present a scheme based on a continuous random basis choice. The results show that our scheme obviously improves the performance, such as the secure communication distance. Our scheme avoids comparing the measurement basis and discarding the key bits, and it can be easily implemented with current technology. Moreover, the imperfection of the basis choice can be well removed by the known phase compensation algorithm.
基金This work is financially supported by Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS(Grant No.XDA18000000)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Grant No.2015097).
文摘Magnetoresistive random access memories(MRAMs)have drawn the attention of radiation researchers due to their potential high radiation tolerance.In particular,spin-orbit torque MRAM(SOT-MRAM)has the best performance on endurance and access speed,which is considered to be one of the candidates to replace SRAM for space application.However,little attention has been given to theγ-ray irradiation effect on the SOT-MRAM device yet.Here,we report the Co-60 irradiation results for both SOT(spin-orbit torque)magnetic films and SOT-Hall devices with the same stacks.The properties of magnetic films are not affected by radiation even with an accumulated dose up to 300 krad(Si)while the magnetoelectronic properties of SOTHall devices exhibit a reversible change behavior during the radiation.We propose a non-equilibrium anomalous Hall effect model to understand the phenomenon.Achieved results and proposed analysis in this work can be used for the material and structure design of memory cell in radiation-hardened SOT-MRAM.
基金This work is funded in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China under grant No.222300420590.
文摘For Internet forum Points of Interest(PoI),existing analysis methods are usually lack of usability analysis under different conditions and ignore the long-term variation,which lead to blindness in method selection.To address this problem,this paper proposed a PoI variation prediction framework based on similarity analysis between long and short windows.Based on the framework,this paper presented 5 PoI analysis algorithms which can be categorized into 2 types,i.e.,the traditional sequence analysis methods such as autoregressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA),support vector regressor(SVR),and the deep learning methods such as convolutional neural network(CNN),long-short term memory network(LSTM),Transformer(TRM).Specifically,this paper firstly divides observed data into long and short windows,and extracts key words as PoI of each window.Then,the PoI similarities between long and short windows are calculated for training and prediction.Finally,series of experiments is conducted based on real Internet forum datasets.The results show that,all the 5 algorithms could predict PoI variations well,which indicate effectiveness of the proposed framework.When the length of long window is small,traditional methods perform better,and SVR is the best.On the contrary,the deep learning methods show superiority,and LSTM performs best.The results could provide beneficial references for PoI variation analysis and prediction algorithms selection under different parameter configurations.
基金the USTC Center for Micro-and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication for supporting the sample fabricationQuantum CTek Co.,Ltd.for supporting the fabrication and the maintenance of room-temperature electronics+7 种基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0304300)the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologiesthe Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipalitythe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.11905217 and 11905294)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.19ZR1462700)he Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2020B0303030001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation。
文摘The development of high-fidelity two-qubit quantum gates is essential for digital quantum computing.Here,we propose and realize an all-microwave parametric controlled-Z(CZ)gates by coupling strength modulation in a superconducting Transmon qubit system with tunable couplers.After optimizing the design of the tunable coupler together with the control pulse numerically,we experimentally realized a 100 ns CZ gate with high fidelity of 99.38%±0.34%and the control error being 0.1%.We note that our CZ gates are not affected by pulse distortion and do not need pulse correction,providing a solution for the real-time pulse generation in a dynamic quantum feedback circuit.With the expectation of utilizing our all-microwave control scheme to reduce the number of control lines through frequency multiplexing in the future,our scheme draws a blueprint for the high-integrable quantum hardware design.
基金supported by the Peak Disciplines(Type IV)of Institutions of Higher Learning in Shanghai,the Discipline Leader Program of Pudong New District Health and Family Planning Commission(No.PWRd2018-02)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20181ACB20021 and 20181BAB205044),China.
文摘diabetes mellitus(DM)is a disease syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia.A long-term high-glucose environment leads to reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and nuclear DNA damage.human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(HUcMSC)infusion induces significant antidiabetic effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats.Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)receptor(IGF1R)is important in promoting glucose metabolism in diabetes;however,the mechanism by which HUcMSC can treat diabetes through IGF1R and DNA damage repair remains unclear.In this study,a DM rat model was induced with high-fat diet feeding and streptozotocin(STZ)administration and rats were infused four times with HUcMSC.Blood glucose,interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10,glomerular basement membrane,and renal function were examined.Proteins that interacted with IGF1R were determined through coimmunoprecipitation assays.The expression of IGF1R,phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2(p-CHK2),and phosphorylated protein 53(p-p53)was examined using immunohistochemistry(IHC)and western blot analysis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine the serum levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG).Flow cytometry experiments were used to detect the surface markers of HUcMSC.The identification of the morphology and phenotype of HUcMSC was performed by way of oil red“O”staining and Alizarin red staining.DM rats exhibited abnormal blood glucose and IL-6/10 levels and renal function changes in the glomerular basement membrane,increased the expression of IGF1 and IGF1R.IGF1R interacted with CHK2,and the expression of p-CHK2 was significantly decreased in IGF1R-knockdown cells.When cisplatin was used to induce DNA damage,the expression of p-CHK2 was higher than that in the IGF1R-knockdown group without cisplatin treatment.HUcMSC infusion ameliorated abnormalities and preserved kidney structure and function in DM rats.The expression of IGF1,IGF1R,p-CHK2,and p-p53,and the level of 8-OHdG in the DM group increased significantly compared with those in the control group,and decreased after HUcMSC treatment.Our results suggested that IGF1R could interact with CHK2 and mediate DNA damage.HUcMSC infusion protected against kidney injury in DM rats.The underlying mechanisms may include HUcMSC-mediated enhancement of diabetes treatment via the IGF1R-CHK2-p53 signalling pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22376117)the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.
文摘Safe confinement of fission iodine isotopes for long-term radioactive waste disposal remains a formidable challenge,as conventional sorbents provide inherently weak iodine-host interactions.We report here a novel halogen bond(X-bond)directed strategy to sequester volatile iodine in hydrogen-bonded(H-bonded)frameworks with unprecedented stability.Charge-assisted Hbonded frameworks bearing open halide sites are developed,showing distinctive iodine encapsulation behaviors without compromising the crystallinity.Direct crystallographic evidence indicates the formation of X-bonds,i.e.,I–I···Cl^(−) and I–I···Br^(−),within the confined pore channels.Unusual polyhalogen anions,i.e.,[I_(2)Cl_(2)]^(2−)and[I_(2)Br_(2)]^(2−),sustained in H-bonded frameworks are identified for the first time.The X-bond reinforced host-guest interaction affords robust iodine trapping without leaking out even at elevated temperatures up to 180℃.By integrating the halogen-bond chemistry with H-bonded frameworks,this study offers fresh concepts for developing effective host reservoirs to secure fission iodine isotopes from spent fuel reprocessing off-gases.
基金All animal experiments were approved by The Ethics Committee of Chongqing Medical University(No.2022030).
文摘Bone defects and non-union are prevalent in clinical orthopedy,and the outcomes of current treatments are often suboptimal.Bone tissue engineering offers a promising approach to treating these conditions effectively.Bone morphogenetic protein 9(BMP9)can commit mesenchymal stem cells to osteogenic lineage,and a knowledge of the underlying mechanisms may help advance the field of bone tissue engineering.Leucine-rich repeats con-taining G protein-coupled receptor 4(LGR4),a member of G protein-coupled receptors,is essential for modulating bone development.This study is aimed at investigating the impact of LGR4 on BMP9-induced osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells as well as the underlying mechanisms.Bone marrow stromal cells from BMp9-knockout mice exhibited diminished LGR4 expression,and exogenous LGR4 clearly restored the impaired osteogenic potency of the bone marrow stromal cells.Furthermore,LGR4 expression was increased by BMP9 in C3H10T1/2 cells.LGR4 augmented the benefits of BMP9-induced osteogenic markers and bone formation,whereas LGR4 inhibition restricted these effects.Meanwhile,the BMP9-induced li-pogenic markers were increased by LGR4 inhibition.The protein levels of Raptor and p-Stat3 were elevated by BMP9.Raptor knockdown or p-Stat3 suppression attenuated the osteoblastic markers and LGR4 expression brought on by BMP9.LGR4 significantly reversed the blocking ef-fect of Raptor knockdown or p-Stat3 suppression on the BMP9-induced osteoblastic markers.Raptor interacts with p-Stat3,and p-Stat3 activates the LGR4 promoter activity.In conclusion,LGR4 boosts BMP9 osteoblastic potency in mesenchymal stem cells,and BMP9 may up-regulate LGR4 via the mTORC1/Stat3 signal activation.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFC2603500,2022YFC2603505)Beijing Municipal Health Commission high-level public health technical personnel construction project,discipline leader-03-26,Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical medicine Development of special funding support(XMLX 202127)+1 种基金the capital health research and development of special public health project(2022-1-2172)The Digestive Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Hospitals Authority(XXZ0302).
文摘To explore the impact of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection and clinical outcomes in patients with autoimmune liver disease(AILD).Patients diagnosed with AILD were enrolled and divided into a UDCA group and a non-UDCA group based on whether they received UDCA treatment.Relevant data were collected regarding AILD diagnosis,treatment,biochemical indicators,and imaging examination.The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the prognosis of AILD patients were observed.A total of 1,138 patients completed follow-up.The usage rate of hormone(P=0.003)and immunosuppressant(P=0.001)used for treating AILD in the non-UDCA group was markedly lower than in the UDCA group.The UDCA usage rate was markedly lower in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients than in uninfected patients(P=0.003).The rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the non-UDCA group was significantly higher than in the UDCA group(P=0.018).Logistic regression analysis showed that UDCA use(P=0.003)was correlated to a lower incidence of SARS-CoV-2,while immunosuppressant use(P=0.017)increased the incidence.Recovery time from SARS-CoV-2 infection was markedly longer for those receiving UDCA treatment than those in the non-UDCA group(P=0.018).UDCA is associated with low SARS-CoV-2 incidence in AILD patients,while immunosuppressant increases its incidence instead.Patients receiving UDCA treatment have a longer recovery time after being infected.
文摘Erratum to Nano Research 2023,16(3):4100−4106 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5423-y In the first pages of the maintext and the ESM of the original version of this paper,the order of affiliations of the authors was in a wrong sequence.“Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials,College of Chemistry,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China”should be the first affiliation and“Beijing Graphene Institute,Beijing 100094,China”should be the second affiliation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92056107,22271199,92256303,21890723)Sichuan University(2020SCUNL204)。
文摘An array of rare-earth bis(aminobenzyl)complexes supported by imidazolin-2-iminato ligands were synthesized and structurally characterized.These complexes showed high activity towards ortho-Csp^(2)–H alkylation of 2-alkylpyridines and benzylic Csp^(3)–H alkylation of 2,6-dialkylpyridines with alkenes.A wide range of alkyl or aryl substituted olefin substrates are compatible,providing an atom-economical route to linear or branched alkylated pyridine derivatives in moderate to high yields(45 examples,up to 99%yield).The primary study suggested that the asymmetric version of Csp^(3)–H alkylation of 2,4,6-collidine with allylbenzene was feasible with chiral imidazolin-2-iminato-ligated scandium(III)complexes,and good yield with moderate enantioselectivity was obtained(84%yield,84:16 er).Mechanistic investigations including kinetic isotope effect(KIE)experiments and density functional theory(DFT)calculations shed light on the catalytic cycle and the origin of enantiocontrol.
基金This work was financially supported by the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students(No.S202110500041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771071).
文摘Although the performance of the self-standing electrode has been enhanced for aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs),it is necessary to explore and analyse the deep modification mechanism(especially interface effects).Herein,density functional theory(DFT)calculations are applied to investigate the high-performance cathode based on the VO_(2)/carbon cloth composites with heterostructures interface(H-VO_(2)@CC).The adsorption energy comparisons and electron structure analyses verify that HVO_(2)@CC has extra activated sites at the interface,enhanced electrical conductivity,and structural stability for achieving highperformance AZIBs due to the presence of built-in electric field at the interfaces.Accordingly,the designed self-standing HVO_(2)@CC cathode delivers higher rate capacity,longer-life cyclability,and faster electronic/ion transmission kinetics benefiting from the synergistic effects.The risks of active material shedding and dissolution during the dis/charge process of two cathodes were evaluated via ex-situ ultraviolet–visible(UV–vis)spectrum and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)technique.Finally,this investigation also explores the charge storage mechanism of H-VO_(2)@CC through various exsitu and in-situ characterization techniques.This finding can shed light on the significant potential of heterostructures interface engineering in practical applications and provide a valuable direction for the development of cathode materials for AZIBs and other metal-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21903007,22072006,and 22275022)Young Thousand Talents Program(No.110532103)+2 种基金Beijing Normal University Startup funding(No.312232102)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z191100000819002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.310421109).
文摘Tattoo electronics has attracted intensive interest in recent years due to its comfortable wearing and imperceivable sensing,and has been broadly applied in wearable healthcare and human-machine interface.However,the tattoo electrodes are mostly composed of metal films and conductive polymers.Two-dimensional(2D)materials,which are superior in conductivity and stability,are barely studied for electronic tattoos.Herein,we reported a novel electronic tattoo based on large-area Mo_(2)C film grown by chemical vapor deposition(CVD),and applied it to accurately and imperceivably acquire on-body electrophysiological signals and interface with robotics.High-quality Mo_(2)C film was obtained via optimizing the distribution of gas flow during CVD growth.According to the finite element simulation(FES),bottom surface of Cu foil covers more stable gas flow than the top surface,thus leading to more uniform Mo_(2)C film.The resulting Mo_(2)C film was transferred onto tattoo paper,showing a total thickness of~3μm,sheet resistance of 60-150Ω/sq,and skin-electrode impedance of~5×10^(5)Ω.Such thin Mo_(2)C electronic tattoo(MCET in short)can form conformal contact with skin and accurately record electrophysiological signals,including electromyography(EMG),electrocardiogram(ECG),and electrooculogram(EOG).These body signals collected by MCET can not only reflect the health status but also be transformed to control the robotics for human-machine interface.
