Hippeastrum, a highly diverse genus in the Amaryllidaceae family, is a valuable ornamental bulbous flowering plant. Somatic embryogenesis(SE) is an efficient method for mass production of Hippeastrum plantlets. Previo...Hippeastrum, a highly diverse genus in the Amaryllidaceae family, is a valuable ornamental bulbous flowering plant. Somatic embryogenesis(SE) is an efficient method for mass production of Hippeastrum plantlets. Previous studies have been devoted to the in vitro propagation of Hippeastrum, but the SE and its regulatory networks are rarely reported. In this study, we established a direct SE method of Hippeastrum Bangkok Rose' using leaf bases as explants. MS supplemented with 1.00 mg·L^(-1)NAA +1.00 mg·L^(-1)KT + 0.25 mg·L^(-1)TDZ was the optimal medium for SE. Histological observations showed that the bipolar somatic embryo originated from the epidermal cell layer and underwent initiation,globular, scutellar and coleoptile stages. During SE, endogenous hormones of IAA, CTK, ABA, and SA were highly accumulated. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the genes encoding auxin biosynthesis/metabolic enzymes and efflux carriers were induced, while the auxin receptor of TIR1 and ARF transcriptional repressor of Aux/IAA were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, leading to suppression of auxin signaling. In contrast, cytokine signaling was promoted at the early stage of SE, as biosynthesis, transport, and signaling components were up-regulated.Various stress-related genes were up-regulated at the early or late stages of SE. Chromatin remodeling could also be dynamically regulated via distinct expression enzymes that control histone methylation and acetylation during SE. Moreover, key SE regulators, including WOXs and SERKs were highly expressed along with SE. Overall, the present study provides insights into the SE regulatory mechanisms of the Hippeastrum.展开更多
Fluorescent imaging in the second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ,1000-1700 nm)region has attracted enormous research interest due to its advantages of unprecedentedly improved imaging sensitivity and spatial resolution.Herein,h...Fluorescent imaging in the second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ,1000-1700 nm)region has attracted enormous research interest due to its advantages of unprecedentedly improved imaging sensitivity and spatial resolution.Herein,high quality NIR-Ⅱemissive LaF3:Nd3+nanorods(NRs)with hexagonal phase structure and controlled size were synthesized by a hydrothermal method.And the Nd^3+doping induced NIRⅡluminescent intensity evolution was studied,In vivo NIR-Ⅱbioimaging and real-time tracking reveal that these LaF3:Nd^3+NRs are mainly accumulated in liver and spleen.Moreover,in vivo toxicity assessment demonstrates that LaF3:Nd^3+NRs feature low biotoxicity and good biocompatibility in living animals.Therefore,the NIR-Ⅱemitting hexagonal phase LaF3 NRs with controlled size are promising probes for optical bioimaging.展开更多
基金funded by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2023A1515010237)the 2021 Dongguan Provincial Rural Revitalization Program (Grant No.20211800400022)+2 种基金the Guangdong Key Technology Research and Development Program (Grant Nos.2020B020220005,2022B1111040003)the Guangdong Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Program (Grant No.2023KJ121)the South China Botanical Garden,the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.QNXM-02)。
文摘Hippeastrum, a highly diverse genus in the Amaryllidaceae family, is a valuable ornamental bulbous flowering plant. Somatic embryogenesis(SE) is an efficient method for mass production of Hippeastrum plantlets. Previous studies have been devoted to the in vitro propagation of Hippeastrum, but the SE and its regulatory networks are rarely reported. In this study, we established a direct SE method of Hippeastrum Bangkok Rose' using leaf bases as explants. MS supplemented with 1.00 mg·L^(-1)NAA +1.00 mg·L^(-1)KT + 0.25 mg·L^(-1)TDZ was the optimal medium for SE. Histological observations showed that the bipolar somatic embryo originated from the epidermal cell layer and underwent initiation,globular, scutellar and coleoptile stages. During SE, endogenous hormones of IAA, CTK, ABA, and SA were highly accumulated. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the genes encoding auxin biosynthesis/metabolic enzymes and efflux carriers were induced, while the auxin receptor of TIR1 and ARF transcriptional repressor of Aux/IAA were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, leading to suppression of auxin signaling. In contrast, cytokine signaling was promoted at the early stage of SE, as biosynthesis, transport, and signaling components were up-regulated.Various stress-related genes were up-regulated at the early or late stages of SE. Chromatin remodeling could also be dynamically regulated via distinct expression enzymes that control histone methylation and acetylation during SE. Moreover, key SE regulators, including WOXs and SERKs were highly expressed along with SE. Overall, the present study provides insights into the SE regulatory mechanisms of the Hippeastrum.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21671064)Science and Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province(2017RS3031)
文摘Fluorescent imaging in the second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ,1000-1700 nm)region has attracted enormous research interest due to its advantages of unprecedentedly improved imaging sensitivity and spatial resolution.Herein,high quality NIR-Ⅱemissive LaF3:Nd3+nanorods(NRs)with hexagonal phase structure and controlled size were synthesized by a hydrothermal method.And the Nd^3+doping induced NIRⅡluminescent intensity evolution was studied,In vivo NIR-Ⅱbioimaging and real-time tracking reveal that these LaF3:Nd^3+NRs are mainly accumulated in liver and spleen.Moreover,in vivo toxicity assessment demonstrates that LaF3:Nd^3+NRs feature low biotoxicity and good biocompatibility in living animals.Therefore,the NIR-Ⅱemitting hexagonal phase LaF3 NRs with controlled size are promising probes for optical bioimaging.
