Background: Cellphone radiation (CR) has been reported to be related to higher risk of many health problems, but if CR can impair sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evalu...Background: Cellphone radiation (CR) has been reported to be related to higher risk of many health problems, but if CR can impair sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evaluate the effects of CR on testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and sexual behaviors of male mice. Methods: Forty 3-month-old male mice, 22 - 25 g, were randomly allocated into four equal groups (n = 10 per group): the control group and three CR exposure groups including 8-hour group, 16-hour group and 24-hour group. Each mouse received different dose of CR exposure for 30 consecutive days. Sexual behaviors and testosterone and LH levels in serum were measured at the end of experiment. Furthermore, we also observed the weights of reproductive organs of each group, including testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle. Results: The mount latency and intromission latency in 24-hour group were significant higher than the control (both P < 0.01), while no obvious changes were seen in 8-hour group and 16-hour group (all P > 0.05). No difference in ejaculation latency existed among each group after the experiment (all P > 0.05). The frequency of mount and intromission in 24-hour group was statistically significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). No obvious change in the frequency of mount and intromission of the 8-hour group and 16-hour group was seen (all P > 0.05). Only the copulatory efficacy in the 24-hour group was statistically lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of testosterone and LH in the 24-hour group were obviously higher than the control group (testosterone level: P < 0.05;LH level: P < 0.01). No significant differences were seen among the other two experimental groups and the control group (all P > 0.05). After the exposure of CR, the changes in the weights of sexual organs in the 24-hour group were significant compared with the control (testis weights, relative testis weight, epididymis weight, the weight of seminal vesicle, and the relative weight of seminal vesicle, all P < 0.01;the relative epididymis weight, P < 0.05). Conclusions: High dose exposure of CR can decline the testosterone and LH levels in mice and inhibit their sexual behaviors.展开更多
Background: It has been reported that cellphone radiation (CR) is related to higher risk of many health problems, but whether CR can impair the expression of rate-limiting enzymes of testosterone synthesis has seldom ...Background: It has been reported that cellphone radiation (CR) is related to higher risk of many health problems, but whether CR can impair the expression of rate-limiting enzymes of testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evaluate the effects of CR on the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in the testes tissue and the sperm quality of adult male mice. Methods: Forty 3-month-old male mice, 22 - 26 g, were randomly assigned into four equal groups (n = 10 per group): the control group and three CR exposure groups including 8-hour group, 16-hour group and 24-hour group. Each mouse received different dosages of CR exposure for seven consecutive weeks. Semen in the epididymis, intratesticular testosterone (ITT) concentrations, and the expression of StAR were measured at the end of experiment. Results: The sperm number and motility, and the ITT concentrations in 24-h group were significant lower than those in the control group (P 0.05). Similarly, only the expression of StAR in the 24-h group was significantly decreased after the exposure of CR (P 0.05). Conclusions: High dose exposure of CR can reduce the expression of StAR and ITT concentration, and then suppress the serum quality.展开更多
Twenty-four-month-old male C57BU6 mice with low serum testosterone levels were used as a late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） animal model for examining the effects of velvet antler polypeptide （VAP） on sexual function a...Twenty-four-month-old male C57BU6 mice with low serum testosterone levels were used as a late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） animal model for examining the effects of velvet antler polypeptide （VAP） on sexual function and testosterone synthesis. These mice received VAP for 5 consecutive weeks by daily gavage at doses of 100, 200, or 300 mg kg-1 body weight per day （n = 10 mice per dose）. Control animals （n = 10） received the same weight-based volume of vehicle. Sexual behavior and testosterone levels in serum and interstitial tissue of testis were measured after the last administration of VAP. Furthermore, to investigate the mechanisms of how VAP affects sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis in vivo, the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein （STAR）, cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme （P450scc）, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase （3βHSD） in Leydig cells was also measured by immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR. As a result, VAP produced a significant improvement in the sexual function of these aging male mice. Serum testosterone level and intratesticular testosterone （ITT） concentration also increased in the VAP-treated groups. The expression of STAR, P450scc, and 3β-HSD was also found to be enhanced in the VAP-treated groups compared with the control group. Our results suggested that VAP was effective in improving sexual function in aging male mice. The effect of velvet antler on sexual function was due to the increased expression of several rate-limiting enzymes of testosterone synthesis （STAR, P450scc, and 3β-HSD） and the following promotion of testosterone syothesis in vivo.展开更多
Background： Aspermia caused by exogenous testosterone limit its usage in late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） patients desiring fertility. Saikokaryukotsuboreito （SKRBT） is reported to improve serum testosterone and rel...Background： Aspermia caused by exogenous testosterone limit its usage in late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） patients desiring fertility. Saikokaryukotsuboreito （SKRBT） is reported to improve serum testosterone and relieve LOH-related symptoms. However, it is unclear whether SKRBT affects fertility. We aimed to examine the effects of SKRBT on spermatogenesis and fertility in aging male mice. Methods： Thirty aging male mice were randomly assigned to three groups, Mice were orally administered with phosphate-buffer solution or SKRBT （300 mg/kg, daily） or received testosterone by subcutaneous injections （10 mg/kg, every 3 days）. Thirty days later, each male mouse was mated with two female mice. All animals were sacrificed at the end of 90 days. lntratesticular testosterone （ITT） levels, quality of sperm, expression of synaptonemal complex protein 3 （SYCP3）, and fertility were assayed. Results： In the SKRBT-treated group, ITT, quality of sperm, and expression of SYCP3 were all improved compared with the control group （ITT： 85.50 ＋ 12.31 ng/g vs. 74.10 ±11.45 ng/g, P = 0.027; sperm number： [ 14.94 ± 4.63] × 106 cells/ml vs. [8.79±4.38] × 106 cells/ml, P = 0.002; sperm motility： 43.16 ± 9.93% vs. 33.51 ± 6.98%, P = 0.015; the number of SYCP3-positive cells/tubule： 77.50 ± 11.01 ng/ml vs. 49.30 - 8.73 ng/ml, P 〈 0.001 ; the expression of SYCP3 protein： 1.23± 0.09 vs. 0.84 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.001 ）, but fertility was not significantly changed （P 〉 0.05, respectively）. In the testosterone-treated group, ITT, quality of sperm, and expression of SYCP3 were markedly lower than the control group （ITT： 59.00 ±8.67, P = 0.005; sperm number： [4.34 ± 2.45] 100 cells/ml, P = 0.018： sperm motility： 19.53 ± 7.69%, P = 0.001 ; the number of SYCP3-positive cells/tubule section 71.98 ：k 8.88%, P= 0.001 ; the expression of SYCP3 protein： 30.00 ± 11.28, P 〈 0.001 ; the percentage of SYCP3-positive tubules/ 0.71± 0.09, P 〈 0.001 ）, and fertility was also suppressed （P 〈 0.05, respectively）. Conclusion： SKRBT had no adverse effect on fertility potential in aging male mice展开更多
文摘Background: Cellphone radiation (CR) has been reported to be related to higher risk of many health problems, but if CR can impair sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evaluate the effects of CR on testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and sexual behaviors of male mice. Methods: Forty 3-month-old male mice, 22 - 25 g, were randomly allocated into four equal groups (n = 10 per group): the control group and three CR exposure groups including 8-hour group, 16-hour group and 24-hour group. Each mouse received different dose of CR exposure for 30 consecutive days. Sexual behaviors and testosterone and LH levels in serum were measured at the end of experiment. Furthermore, we also observed the weights of reproductive organs of each group, including testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle. Results: The mount latency and intromission latency in 24-hour group were significant higher than the control (both P < 0.01), while no obvious changes were seen in 8-hour group and 16-hour group (all P > 0.05). No difference in ejaculation latency existed among each group after the experiment (all P > 0.05). The frequency of mount and intromission in 24-hour group was statistically significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). No obvious change in the frequency of mount and intromission of the 8-hour group and 16-hour group was seen (all P > 0.05). Only the copulatory efficacy in the 24-hour group was statistically lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of testosterone and LH in the 24-hour group were obviously higher than the control group (testosterone level: P < 0.05;LH level: P < 0.01). No significant differences were seen among the other two experimental groups and the control group (all P > 0.05). After the exposure of CR, the changes in the weights of sexual organs in the 24-hour group were significant compared with the control (testis weights, relative testis weight, epididymis weight, the weight of seminal vesicle, and the relative weight of seminal vesicle, all P < 0.01;the relative epididymis weight, P < 0.05). Conclusions: High dose exposure of CR can decline the testosterone and LH levels in mice and inhibit their sexual behaviors.
文摘Background: It has been reported that cellphone radiation (CR) is related to higher risk of many health problems, but whether CR can impair the expression of rate-limiting enzymes of testosterone synthesis has seldom been studied. Objective: To evaluate the effects of CR on the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in the testes tissue and the sperm quality of adult male mice. Methods: Forty 3-month-old male mice, 22 - 26 g, were randomly assigned into four equal groups (n = 10 per group): the control group and three CR exposure groups including 8-hour group, 16-hour group and 24-hour group. Each mouse received different dosages of CR exposure for seven consecutive weeks. Semen in the epididymis, intratesticular testosterone (ITT) concentrations, and the expression of StAR were measured at the end of experiment. Results: The sperm number and motility, and the ITT concentrations in 24-h group were significant lower than those in the control group (P 0.05). Similarly, only the expression of StAR in the 24-h group was significantly decreased after the exposure of CR (P 0.05). Conclusions: High dose exposure of CR can reduce the expression of StAR and ITT concentration, and then suppress the serum quality.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81302223） and the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province, China （B2013104）.
文摘Twenty-four-month-old male C57BU6 mice with low serum testosterone levels were used as a late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） animal model for examining the effects of velvet antler polypeptide （VAP） on sexual function and testosterone synthesis. These mice received VAP for 5 consecutive weeks by daily gavage at doses of 100, 200, or 300 mg kg-1 body weight per day （n = 10 mice per dose）. Control animals （n = 10） received the same weight-based volume of vehicle. Sexual behavior and testosterone levels in serum and interstitial tissue of testis were measured after the last administration of VAP. Furthermore, to investigate the mechanisms of how VAP affects sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis in vivo, the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein （STAR）, cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme （P450scc）, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase （3βHSD） in Leydig cells was also measured by immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR. As a result, VAP produced a significant improvement in the sexual function of these aging male mice. Serum testosterone level and intratesticular testosterone （ITT） concentration also increased in the VAP-treated groups. The expression of STAR, P450scc, and 3β-HSD was also found to be enhanced in the VAP-treated groups compared with the control group. Our results suggested that VAP was effective in improving sexual function in aging male mice. The effect of velvet antler on sexual function was due to the increased expression of several rate-limiting enzymes of testosterone synthesis （STAR, P450scc, and 3β-HSD） and the following promotion of testosterone syothesis in vivo.
文摘Background： Aspermia caused by exogenous testosterone limit its usage in late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） patients desiring fertility. Saikokaryukotsuboreito （SKRBT） is reported to improve serum testosterone and relieve LOH-related symptoms. However, it is unclear whether SKRBT affects fertility. We aimed to examine the effects of SKRBT on spermatogenesis and fertility in aging male mice. Methods： Thirty aging male mice were randomly assigned to three groups, Mice were orally administered with phosphate-buffer solution or SKRBT （300 mg/kg, daily） or received testosterone by subcutaneous injections （10 mg/kg, every 3 days）. Thirty days later, each male mouse was mated with two female mice. All animals were sacrificed at the end of 90 days. lntratesticular testosterone （ITT） levels, quality of sperm, expression of synaptonemal complex protein 3 （SYCP3）, and fertility were assayed. Results： In the SKRBT-treated group, ITT, quality of sperm, and expression of SYCP3 were all improved compared with the control group （ITT： 85.50 ＋ 12.31 ng/g vs. 74.10 ±11.45 ng/g, P = 0.027; sperm number： [ 14.94 ± 4.63] × 106 cells/ml vs. [8.79±4.38] × 106 cells/ml, P = 0.002; sperm motility： 43.16 ± 9.93% vs. 33.51 ± 6.98%, P = 0.015; the number of SYCP3-positive cells/tubule： 77.50 ± 11.01 ng/ml vs. 49.30 - 8.73 ng/ml, P 〈 0.001 ; the expression of SYCP3 protein： 1.23± 0.09 vs. 0.84 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.001 ）, but fertility was not significantly changed （P 〉 0.05, respectively）. In the testosterone-treated group, ITT, quality of sperm, and expression of SYCP3 were markedly lower than the control group （ITT： 59.00 ±8.67, P = 0.005; sperm number： [4.34 ± 2.45] 100 cells/ml, P = 0.018： sperm motility： 19.53 ± 7.69%, P = 0.001 ; the number of SYCP3-positive cells/tubule section 71.98 ：k 8.88%, P= 0.001 ; the expression of SYCP3 protein： 30.00 ± 11.28, P 〈 0.001 ; the percentage of SYCP3-positive tubules/ 0.71± 0.09, P 〈 0.001 ）, and fertility was also suppressed （P 〈 0.05, respectively）. Conclusion： SKRBT had no adverse effect on fertility potential in aging male mice
