[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore how to improve the waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon through grafting,to provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation in rainy season.[Methods]The effects...[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore how to improve the waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon through grafting,to provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation in rainy season.[Methods]The effects of flooding stress on the growth and root physiological and biochemical characteristics of grafted and own-rooted red-seed watermelon seedlings were studied using Luffa as rootstocks and"Zhongxin 1"red-seed watermelon as scions.[Results]After flooding stress,the biomass and root activity of grafted seedlings of red-seed watermelon were significantly higher than those of own-rooted seedlings.With the prolongation of flooding stress time,the soluble sugar and proline content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the grafted seedlings had a larger increase and a smaller decrease,and were always significantly higher than own-rooted seedlings in the same period.The content of malondialdehyde in the root system of grafted seedlings increased first and then decreased,while it continued to increase in own-rooted seedlings,and the increase in own-rooted seedlings was significantly greater than that in grafted seedlings during the same period.[Conclusions]Grafting on Luffa rootstocks could improve waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the correct formulation of breeding programs for red-seed watermelon and the effective breeding of hybrid offspring.[Methods]With local ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the correct formulation of breeding programs for red-seed watermelon and the effective breeding of hybrid offspring.[Methods]With local varieties and inbred lines of red-seed watermelon as test materials,the generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were estimated by variance analysis;and the heritability,genetic variation coefficients,and correlation of the nine yield traits in 43 red-seed watermelon varieties were studied.[Results]The generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were 12.86%,80.14%,75.96%,74.39%,48.01%,17.12%,24.97%,18.60%,and 37.07%,respectively.The heritability of single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number and single-fruit seed weight was higher,and early-generation individual selection could achieve a better effect on them;and 1000-seed weight and kernel-producing ratio had a higher coefficient of genetic variation,indicating a high selection potential.[Conclusions]Indirect selection could be achieved for traits such as the single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,and seed volume by selecting the single-fruit weight.In the process of red-seed watermelon breeding,traits with high heritability can be selected in early generations of hybrids,thus playing the role of early-generation orientation.展开更多
[ Objective] This study aimed to establish an appropriate technology system for in vitro screening of Fuzarium wilt-resistant germplasm resources of red edible seed watermelon and obtain variants resistant to fusaric ...[ Objective] This study aimed to establish an appropriate technology system for in vitro screening of Fuzarium wilt-resistant germplasm resources of red edible seed watermelon and obtain variants resistant to fusaric acid, thus providing resistant materials for breeding Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermel- on. [ Method] Using Zhongxin No. 1 red edible seed watermelon advemitious buds as screening materials and fusaric acid （FA） as a stress agent, in vitro screen- ing of Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermelon clonal variants and identification of Fusarium wilt-resistance of the germplasm resources of red edible seed watermelon were performed. [ Result] The results showed that the appropriate FA for in vitro screening of Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermelon vari- ants was 15 mg/L. In vitro screening system for Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermelon variants was established preliminarily and FA-resistant regenera- ted plants were obtained. Among the 36 germplasm resources of red edible seed watermelon, there were 2 highly resistant materials, 6 moderately resistant materi- als, 11 slightly resistant materials and 17 highly susceptible materials. [ Conclusion] This study confirmed preliminarily that in vitro screening method is effective for obtaining resistant materials of red edible seed watermelon.展开更多
<strong>Background</strong><span><strong>:</strong></span><span> With the rising prevalence in recent years, gestational diabetes mellitus has become one of the leading causes...<strong>Background</strong><span><strong>:</strong></span><span> With the rising prevalence in recent years, gestational diabetes mellitus has become one of the leading causes of maternal and child mortality and morbidity worldwide and has raised health concern. It is seriously detrimental to both the women and fetuses. However, there are limited evidences of two types of gestational diabetes mellitus on clinical characteristics and outcomes.</span><span> </span><span>Therefore, this study was aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with overt diabetes mellitus</span><span> </span><span>(ODM) and gestational diabetes mellitus</span><span> </span><span><span>(GDM) at the late pregnancy. </span><b><span>Methods</span></b></span><b><span>:</span></b><span> From January 2015 to August 2016, totally 63 gestational diabetes mellitus from the Department of Clinical Nutrition in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled in the study.</span><span> </span><span>Patients were classified into two groups.</span><span> </span><span>31 patients with gestational overt diabetes mellitus were grouped into ODM group and 32 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were grouped into GDM group.</span><span> </span><span>Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between ODM and GDM.</span><span> </span><span>We collected records of the age, gestational week, family history, past history, pregnancy complications, insulin use,</span><span> </span><span>blood pressure, clinical nutrition indexes, blood pressure.</span><span> </span><span>Glycosylated hemoglobin</span><span> </span><span>(HbA1c), fasting blood glucose</span><span> </span><span>(FBG), total protein</span><span> </span><span>(TP),</span><span> </span><span>albumin</span><span> </span><span>(ALB), prealbumin</span><span> </span><span>(PALB), hemoglobin</span><span> </span><span>(HGB),</span><span> </span><span>urea nitrogen</span><span> </span><span>(BUN), serum creatinine</span><span> </span><span>(CREA), and dynamic blood glucose monitoring were measured.</span><span> </span><span><span>And we recorded the changes of blood glucose and the test data. We statistically analyzed the data of two groups. </span><b><span>Results</span></b></span><b><span>:</span></b><b><span> </span></b><span>In the ODM group,</span><span> </span><span>HbA1c, FBG, average blood glucose,</span><span> </span><span>two-hour postprandial blood glucose</span><span> </span><span>(2hPBG) after breakfast, 2hPBG after dinner, the number of hyperglycemic events and high blood glucose time ratio are significantly higher than th</span><span>ose</span><span> of GDM and two groups compared with statistical significance</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05)</span><span>. </span><span>The number of patients treated with insulin</span><span> </span><span>(10/31) in ODM is significantly more than that in GDM</span><span> </span><span>(1/32) (P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>45%</span><span> </span><span>(14/31) of ODM have a family history of diabetes patients.</span><span> </span><span>The ratio is significantly higher than 13%</span><span> </span><span>(4/32) of GDM</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>There was significant difference in urinary ketone positive rate between the two groups</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05), but there was no significant difference in urinary microalbumin abnormal rate between them</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span>></span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>The number of preeclampsia in ODM</span><span> </span><span>(8/31) is significantly higher than that of GDM (P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>The level of HGB in ODM is lower than that of GDM</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05). There was no difference in the pregnancy outcomes between the two groups.</span><span> </span><b><span>Conclusion</span></b><b><span>:</span></b><span> Late pregnancy women with ODM have obvious family history, higher HbA1c, higher FBG, higher glucose levels of two-hours after breakfast and dinner,</span><span> </span><span>higher average blood glucose, longer hypoglycemia time, higher probability of hyperglycemic events and greater opportunity to use insulin in the treatment of symptomatic patients,</span><span> </span><span>higher risk of preeclampsia,</span><span> </span><span>lower HGB level than GDM,</span><span> </span><span>while GDM ha</span><span>s</span><span> higher positive rate of urine ketone than ODM.</span>展开更多
The three-dimensional(3D)morphology,anatomy,and in-situ chemical composition analysis of fossils are crucial for systematic paleontology and determining their phylogenetic positions.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)co...The three-dimensional(3D)morphology,anatomy,and in-situ chemical composition analysis of fossils are crucial for systematic paleontology and determining their phylogenetic positions.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),offers valuable structural and chemical information for the analysis of fossils.However,its primary limitation is the restriction to two-dimensional surface data,which limits the exploration of fossils’3D complexities.Conversely,3D X-ray microscopy(3D-XRM),also known as a novel form of micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)facilitates the non-destructive 3D reconstruction of fossil specimens.Nevertheless,it lacks the capability to provide in-situ compositional data.Acknowledging the constraints inherent in these individual techniques,and in response to the evolving requirements of paleontological research,this study introduces an integrated approach that combines 3D-XRM with EDS-coupled focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy(FIB-SEM).This innovative strategy is designed to synergize the advantages of both techniques,thereby addressing challenges that conventional methods cannot.It enables the rapid identification of regions of interest(ROI)within fossil specimens at micrometer resolution.Subsequently,this method collects detailed data on both 3D structures and chemical compositions at the nanometer scale for the identified ROI.This integrated approach represents a significant advancement in paleontological and geological research methodologies,promising to meet the increasing demands of these fields.展开更多
基金Supported by"Watermelon and Muskmelon Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement"Post of Guangxi Bagui Scholars(2016A11)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore how to improve the waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon through grafting,to provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation in rainy season.[Methods]The effects of flooding stress on the growth and root physiological and biochemical characteristics of grafted and own-rooted red-seed watermelon seedlings were studied using Luffa as rootstocks and"Zhongxin 1"red-seed watermelon as scions.[Results]After flooding stress,the biomass and root activity of grafted seedlings of red-seed watermelon were significantly higher than those of own-rooted seedlings.With the prolongation of flooding stress time,the soluble sugar and proline content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the grafted seedlings had a larger increase and a smaller decrease,and were always significantly higher than own-rooted seedlings in the same period.The content of malondialdehyde in the root system of grafted seedlings increased first and then decreased,while it continued to increase in own-rooted seedlings,and the increase in own-rooted seedlings was significantly greater than that in grafted seedlings during the same period.[Conclusions]Grafting on Luffa rootstocks could improve waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon.
基金Supported by"Watermelon and Muskmelon Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement"Post of Guangxi Bagui Scholars(2016A11)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the correct formulation of breeding programs for red-seed watermelon and the effective breeding of hybrid offspring.[Methods]With local varieties and inbred lines of red-seed watermelon as test materials,the generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were estimated by variance analysis;and the heritability,genetic variation coefficients,and correlation of the nine yield traits in 43 red-seed watermelon varieties were studied.[Results]The generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were 12.86%,80.14%,75.96%,74.39%,48.01%,17.12%,24.97%,18.60%,and 37.07%,respectively.The heritability of single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number and single-fruit seed weight was higher,and early-generation individual selection could achieve a better effect on them;and 1000-seed weight and kernel-producing ratio had a higher coefficient of genetic variation,indicating a high selection potential.[Conclusions]Indirect selection could be achieved for traits such as the single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,and seed volume by selecting the single-fruit weight.In the process of red-seed watermelon breeding,traits with high heritability can be selected in early generations of hybrids,thus playing the role of early-generation orientation.
基金Supported by National Space Breeding Project of China(2006HT100113)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-26)Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(GNK2013YZ26)
文摘[ Objective] This study aimed to establish an appropriate technology system for in vitro screening of Fuzarium wilt-resistant germplasm resources of red edible seed watermelon and obtain variants resistant to fusaric acid, thus providing resistant materials for breeding Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermel- on. [ Method] Using Zhongxin No. 1 red edible seed watermelon advemitious buds as screening materials and fusaric acid （FA） as a stress agent, in vitro screen- ing of Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermelon clonal variants and identification of Fusarium wilt-resistance of the germplasm resources of red edible seed watermelon were performed. [ Result] The results showed that the appropriate FA for in vitro screening of Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermelon vari- ants was 15 mg/L. In vitro screening system for Fusarium wilt-resistant red edible seed watermelon variants was established preliminarily and FA-resistant regenera- ted plants were obtained. Among the 36 germplasm resources of red edible seed watermelon, there were 2 highly resistant materials, 6 moderately resistant materi- als, 11 slightly resistant materials and 17 highly susceptible materials. [ Conclusion] This study confirmed preliminarily that in vitro screening method is effective for obtaining resistant materials of red edible seed watermelon.
文摘<strong>Background</strong><span><strong>:</strong></span><span> With the rising prevalence in recent years, gestational diabetes mellitus has become one of the leading causes of maternal and child mortality and morbidity worldwide and has raised health concern. It is seriously detrimental to both the women and fetuses. However, there are limited evidences of two types of gestational diabetes mellitus on clinical characteristics and outcomes.</span><span> </span><span>Therefore, this study was aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with overt diabetes mellitus</span><span> </span><span>(ODM) and gestational diabetes mellitus</span><span> </span><span><span>(GDM) at the late pregnancy. </span><b><span>Methods</span></b></span><b><span>:</span></b><span> From January 2015 to August 2016, totally 63 gestational diabetes mellitus from the Department of Clinical Nutrition in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled in the study.</span><span> </span><span>Patients were classified into two groups.</span><span> </span><span>31 patients with gestational overt diabetes mellitus were grouped into ODM group and 32 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were grouped into GDM group.</span><span> </span><span>Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between ODM and GDM.</span><span> </span><span>We collected records of the age, gestational week, family history, past history, pregnancy complications, insulin use,</span><span> </span><span>blood pressure, clinical nutrition indexes, blood pressure.</span><span> </span><span>Glycosylated hemoglobin</span><span> </span><span>(HbA1c), fasting blood glucose</span><span> </span><span>(FBG), total protein</span><span> </span><span>(TP),</span><span> </span><span>albumin</span><span> </span><span>(ALB), prealbumin</span><span> </span><span>(PALB), hemoglobin</span><span> </span><span>(HGB),</span><span> </span><span>urea nitrogen</span><span> </span><span>(BUN), serum creatinine</span><span> </span><span>(CREA), and dynamic blood glucose monitoring were measured.</span><span> </span><span><span>And we recorded the changes of blood glucose and the test data. We statistically analyzed the data of two groups. </span><b><span>Results</span></b></span><b><span>:</span></b><b><span> </span></b><span>In the ODM group,</span><span> </span><span>HbA1c, FBG, average blood glucose,</span><span> </span><span>two-hour postprandial blood glucose</span><span> </span><span>(2hPBG) after breakfast, 2hPBG after dinner, the number of hyperglycemic events and high blood glucose time ratio are significantly higher than th</span><span>ose</span><span> of GDM and two groups compared with statistical significance</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05)</span><span>. </span><span>The number of patients treated with insulin</span><span> </span><span>(10/31) in ODM is significantly more than that in GDM</span><span> </span><span>(1/32) (P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>45%</span><span> </span><span>(14/31) of ODM have a family history of diabetes patients.</span><span> </span><span>The ratio is significantly higher than 13%</span><span> </span><span>(4/32) of GDM</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>There was significant difference in urinary ketone positive rate between the two groups</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05), but there was no significant difference in urinary microalbumin abnormal rate between them</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span>></span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>The number of preeclampsia in ODM</span><span> </span><span>(8/31) is significantly higher than that of GDM (P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05).</span><span> </span><span>The level of HGB in ODM is lower than that of GDM</span><span> </span><span>(P</span><span> </span><span><</span><span> </span><span>0.05). There was no difference in the pregnancy outcomes between the two groups.</span><span> </span><b><span>Conclusion</span></b><b><span>:</span></b><span> Late pregnancy women with ODM have obvious family history, higher HbA1c, higher FBG, higher glucose levels of two-hours after breakfast and dinner,</span><span> </span><span>higher average blood glucose, longer hypoglycemia time, higher probability of hyperglycemic events and greater opportunity to use insulin in the treatment of symptomatic patients,</span><span> </span><span>higher risk of preeclampsia,</span><span> </span><span>lower HGB level than GDM,</span><span> </span><span>while GDM ha</span><span>s</span><span> higher positive rate of urine ketone than ODM.</span>
基金founded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42022010)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0800100)the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(No.JCTD-2020-18)and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association.
文摘The three-dimensional(3D)morphology,anatomy,and in-situ chemical composition analysis of fossils are crucial for systematic paleontology and determining their phylogenetic positions.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),offers valuable structural and chemical information for the analysis of fossils.However,its primary limitation is the restriction to two-dimensional surface data,which limits the exploration of fossils’3D complexities.Conversely,3D X-ray microscopy(3D-XRM),also known as a novel form of micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)facilitates the non-destructive 3D reconstruction of fossil specimens.Nevertheless,it lacks the capability to provide in-situ compositional data.Acknowledging the constraints inherent in these individual techniques,and in response to the evolving requirements of paleontological research,this study introduces an integrated approach that combines 3D-XRM with EDS-coupled focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy(FIB-SEM).This innovative strategy is designed to synergize the advantages of both techniques,thereby addressing challenges that conventional methods cannot.It enables the rapid identification of regions of interest(ROI)within fossil specimens at micrometer resolution.Subsequently,this method collects detailed data on both 3D structures and chemical compositions at the nanometer scale for the identified ROI.This integrated approach represents a significant advancement in paleontological and geological research methodologies,promising to meet the increasing demands of these fields.
