For many years,Egypt sought to become a powerful nation,but failed in its efforts,because its ruling foundation has deviated from the majority of the broad masses,its development path has strayed from its goal of indu...For many years,Egypt sought to become a powerful nation,but failed in its efforts,because its ruling foundation has deviated from the majority of the broad masses,its development path has strayed from its goal of industrialization,and its external strategy has gotten away from the line of non-alignment.The lessons of Egypt should be learned by other nations.展开更多
China＇s ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative is emerging as the Western-dominated world order is declining. Capitalism has intensified the rich-poor divide and power politics have led to great upheavals. Western values have ...China＇s ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative is emerging as the Western-dominated world order is declining. Capitalism has intensified the rich-poor divide and power politics have led to great upheavals. Western values have caused a ＂value dislocation＂ for non-Western countries. The world is calling for new development concepts. The ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative has emerged as an answer. It embodies China＇s ideas on global development. First, it works for the ＂common prosperity＂ of every country, which will ease contradictions between the South and the North. Second, it emphasizes geo-economie integration that will heal the fragmentation of Eurasia. Third, it advocates linkages between people and inclusiveness to create a new kind of civilization. However, many difficulties and challenges lie ahead for the implementation of the ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative.展开更多
Irreparable consequences to Middle East geopolitics ensued as the political systems in the Islamic world declined in a process that began under the persistent infiltration and influence of the Western ideal of nation-...Irreparable consequences to Middle East geopolitics ensued as the political systems in the Islamic world declined in a process that began under the persistent infiltration and influence of the Western ideal of nation-state.Three progressive stages in this conceptual transformation show how longstanding multinational imperial systems in the Islamic world disintegrated after the introduction of uone nation,one staten forced upon Middle East states an unrealistic model and eroded the principle of supremacy of sovereignty that had just been established.Interventionist theories that took hold meant that the Islamic world's self-transformation has never caught up with the demand of Western strategies.The Islamic realm has failed to achieve what it set out to do because political systems that would have been adaptive to the reality of the Islamic world had collapsed.展开更多
The United States now has fallen into a difficult position in Iraq because of misuse of military power. Worse still, the Bush administration still continues its wrong policy in the Middle East. Though Iraq is not Viet...The United States now has fallen into a difficult position in Iraq because of misuse of military power. Worse still, the Bush administration still continues its wrong policy in the Middle East. Though Iraq is not Vietnam, Vietnam holds lessons for Iraq.展开更多
After the 9/11 incident, the United States further shifted its strategic focus on the Middle East. This article analyzes the strategic dilemma faced by the U.S. in the Middle East and the origins of its Middle East st...After the 9/11 incident, the United States further shifted its strategic focus on the Middle East. This article analyzes the strategic dilemma faced by the U.S. in the Middle East and the origins of its Middle East strategy. It uses an historical perspective by comparing former strategies with current policy.展开更多
The Middle East,one of the most turbulent regions in the world, has embarked on another round of chaos since America waged the lraq war in 2003,new players vying to fill the power vacuum,entrenched hatred multiplying ...The Middle East,one of the most turbulent regions in the world, has embarked on another round of chaos since America waged the lraq war in 2003,new players vying to fill the power vacuum,entrenched hatred multiplying with new wounds.Ecstasy turned into agony as Americans watched the war unfold.U.S.think tank researchers and politicians,reflecting on the war and U.S.Middle East policy,urged the Bush administration to adjust the policy and break the strategic impasse. Under grave pressure from home and abroad,the White House finally began to respond.Against this backdrop,the year 2007 witnessed the most intensive and extensive shift of U.S.Middle East policy in recent years and a drastic return of realism in America's foreign policy.These policy changes rippled in the Middle East,precipitating policy changes of other powers and transformation of the geopolitical landscape.The Middle East, as we can see,is heading toward a new age of pain and growth.展开更多
文摘For many years,Egypt sought to become a powerful nation,but failed in its efforts,because its ruling foundation has deviated from the majority of the broad masses,its development path has strayed from its goal of industrialization,and its external strategy has gotten away from the line of non-alignment.The lessons of Egypt should be learned by other nations.
文摘China＇s ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative is emerging as the Western-dominated world order is declining. Capitalism has intensified the rich-poor divide and power politics have led to great upheavals. Western values have caused a ＂value dislocation＂ for non-Western countries. The world is calling for new development concepts. The ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative has emerged as an answer. It embodies China＇s ideas on global development. First, it works for the ＂common prosperity＂ of every country, which will ease contradictions between the South and the North. Second, it emphasizes geo-economie integration that will heal the fragmentation of Eurasia. Third, it advocates linkages between people and inclusiveness to create a new kind of civilization. However, many difficulties and challenges lie ahead for the implementation of the ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative.
基金This paper is a part of the National Social Science Fund project,The Islamic World of the Middle East in the International System(Approval No.:17FGJ009).
文摘Irreparable consequences to Middle East geopolitics ensued as the political systems in the Islamic world declined in a process that began under the persistent infiltration and influence of the Western ideal of nation-state.Three progressive stages in this conceptual transformation show how longstanding multinational imperial systems in the Islamic world disintegrated after the introduction of uone nation,one staten forced upon Middle East states an unrealistic model and eroded the principle of supremacy of sovereignty that had just been established.Interventionist theories that took hold meant that the Islamic world's self-transformation has never caught up with the demand of Western strategies.The Islamic realm has failed to achieve what it set out to do because political systems that would have been adaptive to the reality of the Islamic world had collapsed.
文摘The United States now has fallen into a difficult position in Iraq because of misuse of military power. Worse still, the Bush administration still continues its wrong policy in the Middle East. Though Iraq is not Vietnam, Vietnam holds lessons for Iraq.
文摘After the 9/11 incident, the United States further shifted its strategic focus on the Middle East. This article analyzes the strategic dilemma faced by the U.S. in the Middle East and the origins of its Middle East strategy. It uses an historical perspective by comparing former strategies with current policy.
文摘The Middle East,one of the most turbulent regions in the world, has embarked on another round of chaos since America waged the lraq war in 2003,new players vying to fill the power vacuum,entrenched hatred multiplying with new wounds.Ecstasy turned into agony as Americans watched the war unfold.U.S.think tank researchers and politicians,reflecting on the war and U.S.Middle East policy,urged the Bush administration to adjust the policy and break the strategic impasse. Under grave pressure from home and abroad,the White House finally began to respond.Against this backdrop,the year 2007 witnessed the most intensive and extensive shift of U.S.Middle East policy in recent years and a drastic return of realism in America's foreign policy.These policy changes rippled in the Middle East,precipitating policy changes of other powers and transformation of the geopolitical landscape.The Middle East, as we can see,is heading toward a new age of pain and growth.
