Calcium channel blocker-induced gingival overgrowth (CCB-GO) is increasing in elderly patients who have been prescribed medication for hypertension for years. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the compre...Calcium channel blocker-induced gingival overgrowth (CCB-GO) is increasing in elderly patients who have been prescribed medication for hypertension for years. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the comprehensive protein expression levels of candidate biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from CCB-GO patients. Eleven GO patients (10 males and one female, mean ± SD: age: 64.4 ± 14.0 years) who had been systemically prescribed CCBs, either amlodipine or nifedipine, for hypertension for at least 12 months were recruited. Before (baseline) and 4 weeks after initial periodontal treatments, subgingival plaque and GCF samples were taken from two sites per patient: sites affected by CCB-GO and chronic periodontitis. Measurement of clinical parameters and quantitative analysis of periodontopathic bacteria using real-time PCR were performed. Biomarkers/cytokines in GCF were examined using multiplex bead immunoassays. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the collected data between groups. The correlations between pairs of biomarkers were assessed using the Spearman correlation relationship. Levels of two of the 14 biomarkers, interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)- β, were significantly decreased in CCB-GO sites after initial periodontal therapy. The intragroup comparison at baseline showed that counts of Treponema denticola in the GO group were significantly higher than those in the chronic periodontitis group (P β and TGF-β in CCB-GO patients. These factors are involved in initiation and progression of GO as well as periodontitis.展开更多
Oscillatory combustion representative of thermo-acoustic instability in liquid rockets is simulated by experiment and LES calculation to investigate the flame behavior in detail.In particular,we focus on how the veloc...Oscillatory combustion representative of thermo-acoustic instability in liquid rockets is simulated by experiment and LES calculation to investigate the flame behavior in detail.In particular,we focus on how the velocity and pressure fluctuations affect the behavior of the dense oxygen jet,or‘LOx core’.The test case investigated is a high pressure,multiinjector,oxygen-hydrogen combustor with a siren for acoustic excitation.First,the LES calculation is validated by the resonant frequencies and average flame topology.A precise frequency correction is conducted to compare experiment with LES.Then an unforced case,a pressure fluctuation case,and a velocity fluctuation case are investigated.LES can quantitatively reproduce the LOx core shortening and flattening that occurs under transverse velocity excitation as it is observed in the experiments.On the other hand,the core behavior under pressure excitation is almost equal to the unforced case,and little shortening of the core occurs.The LOx core flattening is explained by the pressure drop around an elliptical cylinder using the unsteady Bemoulli equation.Finally,it is shown that the shortening of the LOx core occurs because theflattening enhances combustion by mixing and increase of the flame surface area.展开更多
文摘Calcium channel blocker-induced gingival overgrowth (CCB-GO) is increasing in elderly patients who have been prescribed medication for hypertension for years. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the comprehensive protein expression levels of candidate biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from CCB-GO patients. Eleven GO patients (10 males and one female, mean ± SD: age: 64.4 ± 14.0 years) who had been systemically prescribed CCBs, either amlodipine or nifedipine, for hypertension for at least 12 months were recruited. Before (baseline) and 4 weeks after initial periodontal treatments, subgingival plaque and GCF samples were taken from two sites per patient: sites affected by CCB-GO and chronic periodontitis. Measurement of clinical parameters and quantitative analysis of periodontopathic bacteria using real-time PCR were performed. Biomarkers/cytokines in GCF were examined using multiplex bead immunoassays. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the collected data between groups. The correlations between pairs of biomarkers were assessed using the Spearman correlation relationship. Levels of two of the 14 biomarkers, interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)- β, were significantly decreased in CCB-GO sites after initial periodontal therapy. The intragroup comparison at baseline showed that counts of Treponema denticola in the GO group were significantly higher than those in the chronic periodontitis group (P β and TGF-β in CCB-GO patients. These factors are involved in initiation and progression of GO as well as periodontitis.
文摘Oscillatory combustion representative of thermo-acoustic instability in liquid rockets is simulated by experiment and LES calculation to investigate the flame behavior in detail.In particular,we focus on how the velocity and pressure fluctuations affect the behavior of the dense oxygen jet,or‘LOx core’.The test case investigated is a high pressure,multiinjector,oxygen-hydrogen combustor with a siren for acoustic excitation.First,the LES calculation is validated by the resonant frequencies and average flame topology.A precise frequency correction is conducted to compare experiment with LES.Then an unforced case,a pressure fluctuation case,and a velocity fluctuation case are investigated.LES can quantitatively reproduce the LOx core shortening and flattening that occurs under transverse velocity excitation as it is observed in the experiments.On the other hand,the core behavior under pressure excitation is almost equal to the unforced case,and little shortening of the core occurs.The LOx core flattening is explained by the pressure drop around an elliptical cylinder using the unsteady Bemoulli equation.Finally,it is shown that the shortening of the LOx core occurs because theflattening enhances combustion by mixing and increase of the flame surface area.
