AIM: To understand the pathogen characteristics and its sensitivity against antimicrobial agents in fatal bacterial granuloma after eyelid trauma (FBGT) in vitro, and to provide laboratory evidence for diagnosis. METH...AIM: To understand the pathogen characteristics and its sensitivity against antimicrobial agents in fatal bacterial granuloma after eyelid trauma (FBGT) in vitro, and to provide laboratory evidence for diagnosis. METHODS: The FBGT pathogens were isolaated and cultured with reformed rabbit-brain anaerobic enriched broth (RRAB), and identified by ATB/API 20A system. The minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) was determined by anaerobic broth dilution method. RESULTS: A total of 22 strains of pathogen were separated from 21 patients with FBGT and identified as Propionibacterium acnes (PA) by ATB/API 20A system. The MIC of ciprofloxacin for 22 PA strains was 0.0625-0.5mg/L, the MIC of penicillin, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefoperazone, lincomycin, and imipenem/cilastatin were 0.125-0.5mg/L, the MIC of ticarcillin/clavulanic acid was 0.250-1.000mg/L, and the MIC of metronidazole was 64-256mg/L. The pathogen of FBGT was strictly anaerobic PA, which growed slowly and better in nutritious RRAB broth. All PA were resistant to metronidazole, but susceptive to other routine antimicrobial agents, such as penicillin, ampicillin and lincomycin. CONCLUSION: FBGT should not be treated with metronidazole. Clinicians should choose combined use of drugs or operation to treat FBGT according to patients' individual condition and the results of drug sensitivity test.展开更多
Background:Benvitimod cream,a novel synthetic small molecule,was effective in treating mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.We conducted a phase III clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of benvitimod cream in...Background:Benvitimod cream,a novel synthetic small molecule,was effective in treating mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.We conducted a phase III clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of benvitimod cream in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.Methods:We randomly assigned 686 patients(2:1:1)to receive 1%benvitimod cream,0.005%calcipotriol ointment or placebo twice a day for 12 weeks.The primary efficacy end points were the percentage of patients with a 75%or greater reduction from baseline in the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI 75)score and with a score of 0 or 1 in static physician’s global assessment(sPGA)at week 12.Results:The results showed that 50.4%of patients in the benvitimod group achieved PASI 75,which was significantly higher than that in the calcipotriol(38.5%,P<0.05)and placebo(13.9%,P<0.05)groups.The proportion of patients achieving an sPGA score 0 or 1 was 66.3%in the benvitimod group and 63.9%in the calcipotriol group,which were both significantly higher than that in the placebo group(34%,P<0.05).In the long-term follow-up study,50.8%of patients experienced recurrence.After retreatment with 1%benvitimod,73.3%of patients achieved an sPGA score of 0 or 1 again at week 52.Adverse events included application site irritation,follicular papules,and contact dermatitis.No systemic adverse reactions were reported.Conclusion:During this 12-week study,benvitimod cream was demonstrated with high effectiveness and safety in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.展开更多
Vitiligo is a common depigmented skin disease that negatively affects the physical and mental health of patients.The 2018 version of the Vitiligo Treatment Consensus has been updated based on the research progress on ...Vitiligo is a common depigmented skin disease that negatively affects the physical and mental health of patients.The 2018 version of the Vitiligo Treatment Consensus has been updated based on the research progress on vitiligo in the past 3 years in combination with the clinical experiences of experts.The newly revised points include maintenance therapy,early glucocorticoid intervention,and oral mini-pulsed glucocorticoid administration protocols.The prospect of using JAK inhibitors in the treatment of vitiligo is also discussed.展开更多
The pathogenesis of melasma is believed to be related to heredity,sun exposure,sex hormones,and other factors.The mechanisms underlying the development of melasma include increased melanin synthesis,vascular prolifera...The pathogenesis of melasma is believed to be related to heredity,sun exposure,sex hormones,and other factors.The mechanisms underlying the development of melasma include increased melanin synthesis,vascular proliferation within the skin lesions,inflammation,and skin barrier dysfunction.The diagnosis of melasma is mainly based on clinical manifestations and noninvasive techniques.Coupling with recent research progress in melasma,the present consensus comprehensively elaborates the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,staging,classification,diagnosis,and treatment of melasma to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic skills of Chinese dermatologists.展开更多
Objective:Capsaicin(CPS)is a major component of the red pepper,and its anti-tumor property has been confirmed.However,the underlying mechanism of this anti-tumor effect has not been fully clarified,so we conducted thi...Objective:Capsaicin(CPS)is a major component of the red pepper,and its anti-tumor property has been confirmed.However,the underlying mechanism of this anti-tumor effect has not been fully clarified,so we conducted this study to evaluate the role of mitochondrial fission and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction in CPS-induced apoptosis of melanoma cells.Methods:Two melanoma cell lines and melanocytes were treated with CPS alone or in combination with ruthenium red(a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1[TRPV]antagonist),Z-VAD-FMK(a pan-caspase inhibitor),or N-acetyl-Lcysteine(an antioxidant).Cell vitality was tested using a cell counting kit-8 assay.The expression levels of related proteins were examined by Western blotting.Apoptosis,intracellular reactive oxygen species,mitochondrial membrane potential,adenosine triphosphate levels,and mitochondrial dynamics were analyzed by flow cytometry,luminometry,and confocal laser microscopy,respectively,and compared between groups.Results:CPS treatment significantly inhibited the vitality of melanoma cells(For A2058 cells:0 vs.120 mmol/L:[100.00%±0%]vs.[51.02%±6.40%],P<0.05;For WM35 cells:0 vs.120 mmol/L:[100.00%±0%]vs.[51.80%±3.45%],P<0.05)but exerted less impact on normal melanocytes.CPS promoted melanoma cell apoptosis through TRPV channels and the caspase cascade.CPS treatment then led to TRPV channel-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction with an increase in reactive oxygen species generation(For A2058 cells:CPS vs.CPS+RR:[2.34±0.30]vs.[1.34±0.12],P<0.05;For WM35 cells:CPS vs.CPS+RR:[2.25±0.25]vs.[1.65±0.13],P<0.05),dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential(Control vs.CPS:[1.00±0]vs.[0.61±0.08],P<0.05),and adenosine triphosphate reduction(P<0.05).In addition,reactive oxygen species generation contributed to CPS-induced melanoma cell apoptosis.Mitochondrial fission was subsequently proved to connect CPS treatment to mitochondrial dysfunction,which was also TRPV channel-dependent,thereby inducing melanoma cell apoptosis.Conclusion:Our study highlights the role of mitochondrial fission and its related mitochondrial dysfunction in mediating the pro-apoptotic effect of CPS in melanoma.These findings deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor activity of CPS and indicate the clinical relevancy of extending the use of this agent for cancer therapy.展开更多
文摘AIM: To understand the pathogen characteristics and its sensitivity against antimicrobial agents in fatal bacterial granuloma after eyelid trauma (FBGT) in vitro, and to provide laboratory evidence for diagnosis. METHODS: The FBGT pathogens were isolaated and cultured with reformed rabbit-brain anaerobic enriched broth (RRAB), and identified by ATB/API 20A system. The minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) was determined by anaerobic broth dilution method. RESULTS: A total of 22 strains of pathogen were separated from 21 patients with FBGT and identified as Propionibacterium acnes (PA) by ATB/API 20A system. The MIC of ciprofloxacin for 22 PA strains was 0.0625-0.5mg/L, the MIC of penicillin, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefoperazone, lincomycin, and imipenem/cilastatin were 0.125-0.5mg/L, the MIC of ticarcillin/clavulanic acid was 0.250-1.000mg/L, and the MIC of metronidazole was 64-256mg/L. The pathogen of FBGT was strictly anaerobic PA, which growed slowly and better in nutritious RRAB broth. All PA were resistant to metronidazole, but susceptive to other routine antimicrobial agents, such as penicillin, ampicillin and lincomycin. CONCLUSION: FBGT should not be treated with metronidazole. Clinicians should choose combined use of drugs or operation to treat FBGT according to patients' individual condition and the results of drug sensitivity test.
基金Beijing Wenfeng Tianji Pharma Ltd.and the grant from National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2011ZX09101-006-02)。
文摘Background:Benvitimod cream,a novel synthetic small molecule,was effective in treating mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.We conducted a phase III clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of benvitimod cream in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.Methods:We randomly assigned 686 patients(2:1:1)to receive 1%benvitimod cream,0.005%calcipotriol ointment or placebo twice a day for 12 weeks.The primary efficacy end points were the percentage of patients with a 75%or greater reduction from baseline in the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI 75)score and with a score of 0 or 1 in static physician’s global assessment(sPGA)at week 12.Results:The results showed that 50.4%of patients in the benvitimod group achieved PASI 75,which was significantly higher than that in the calcipotriol(38.5%,P<0.05)and placebo(13.9%,P<0.05)groups.The proportion of patients achieving an sPGA score 0 or 1 was 66.3%in the benvitimod group and 63.9%in the calcipotriol group,which were both significantly higher than that in the placebo group(34%,P<0.05).In the long-term follow-up study,50.8%of patients experienced recurrence.After retreatment with 1%benvitimod,73.3%of patients achieved an sPGA score of 0 or 1 again at week 52.Adverse events included application site irritation,follicular papules,and contact dermatitis.No systemic adverse reactions were reported.Conclusion:During this 12-week study,benvitimod cream was demonstrated with high effectiveness and safety in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.
文摘Vitiligo is a common depigmented skin disease that negatively affects the physical and mental health of patients.The 2018 version of the Vitiligo Treatment Consensus has been updated based on the research progress on vitiligo in the past 3 years in combination with the clinical experiences of experts.The newly revised points include maintenance therapy,early glucocorticoid intervention,and oral mini-pulsed glucocorticoid administration protocols.The prospect of using JAK inhibitors in the treatment of vitiligo is also discussed.
文摘The pathogenesis of melasma is believed to be related to heredity,sun exposure,sex hormones,and other factors.The mechanisms underlying the development of melasma include increased melanin synthesis,vascular proliferation within the skin lesions,inflammation,and skin barrier dysfunction.The diagnosis of melasma is mainly based on clinical manifestations and noninvasive techniques.Coupling with recent research progress in melasma,the present consensus comprehensively elaborates the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,staging,classification,diagnosis,and treatment of melasma to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic skills of Chinese dermatologists.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81625020,81402736,and 81902791)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2019sf-079).
文摘Objective:Capsaicin(CPS)is a major component of the red pepper,and its anti-tumor property has been confirmed.However,the underlying mechanism of this anti-tumor effect has not been fully clarified,so we conducted this study to evaluate the role of mitochondrial fission and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction in CPS-induced apoptosis of melanoma cells.Methods:Two melanoma cell lines and melanocytes were treated with CPS alone or in combination with ruthenium red(a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1[TRPV]antagonist),Z-VAD-FMK(a pan-caspase inhibitor),or N-acetyl-Lcysteine(an antioxidant).Cell vitality was tested using a cell counting kit-8 assay.The expression levels of related proteins were examined by Western blotting.Apoptosis,intracellular reactive oxygen species,mitochondrial membrane potential,adenosine triphosphate levels,and mitochondrial dynamics were analyzed by flow cytometry,luminometry,and confocal laser microscopy,respectively,and compared between groups.Results:CPS treatment significantly inhibited the vitality of melanoma cells(For A2058 cells:0 vs.120 mmol/L:[100.00%±0%]vs.[51.02%±6.40%],P<0.05;For WM35 cells:0 vs.120 mmol/L:[100.00%±0%]vs.[51.80%±3.45%],P<0.05)but exerted less impact on normal melanocytes.CPS promoted melanoma cell apoptosis through TRPV channels and the caspase cascade.CPS treatment then led to TRPV channel-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction with an increase in reactive oxygen species generation(For A2058 cells:CPS vs.CPS+RR:[2.34±0.30]vs.[1.34±0.12],P<0.05;For WM35 cells:CPS vs.CPS+RR:[2.25±0.25]vs.[1.65±0.13],P<0.05),dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential(Control vs.CPS:[1.00±0]vs.[0.61±0.08],P<0.05),and adenosine triphosphate reduction(P<0.05).In addition,reactive oxygen species generation contributed to CPS-induced melanoma cell apoptosis.Mitochondrial fission was subsequently proved to connect CPS treatment to mitochondrial dysfunction,which was also TRPV channel-dependent,thereby inducing melanoma cell apoptosis.Conclusion:Our study highlights the role of mitochondrial fission and its related mitochondrial dysfunction in mediating the pro-apoptotic effect of CPS in melanoma.These findings deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor activity of CPS and indicate the clinical relevancy of extending the use of this agent for cancer therapy.
