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江苏珍稀濒危植物的多样性、分布及保护 被引量:20
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作者 张光富 熊天石 +2 位作者 孙婷 李恺頔 邵丽鸳 《生物多样性》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第2期27-36,共10页
掌握重点保护野生植物的濒危现状及评估濒危等级是制定科学保护策略的关键。根据江苏第二次重点保护野生植物资源调查(2012-2018)以及近年来相关调查资料,我们采用世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)物种红色名录的濒危等级与评估标准,对江苏分布... 掌握重点保护野生植物的濒危现状及评估濒危等级是制定科学保护策略的关键。根据江苏第二次重点保护野生植物资源调查(2012-2018)以及近年来相关调查资料,我们采用世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)物种红色名录的濒危等级与评估标准,对江苏分布的珍稀濒危植物的现状与濒危等级进行了评估与分析。结果表明:(1)江苏41种国家重点保护和濒危野生植物的濒危等级可以分为7个等级。包括地区灭绝(RE)2种,占总种数的4.88%;极危(CR)10种,占24.39%;濒危(EN)6种,占14.63%;易危(VU)13种,占31.71%;近危(NT)2种,占4.88%;无危(LC)2种,占4.88%;数据缺乏(DD)6种,占14.63%。其中,受威胁物种(包括CR、EN和VU)有29种,占总种数的70.73%。(2)建议的江苏重点保护野生植物有74种,隶属于40科62属;它们的受威胁比例较高,达74.32%。江苏人口众多、环境资源压力较大,近年来生产经营和土地利用方式的改变以及宣传教育不足很可能是导致这些原生物种濒危的主要原因。因此建议:(1)尽快制定江苏省级重点保护野生植物名录;(2)加强科学研究,同时对部分濒危植物进行就地保护和迁地保护,积极开展野外回归、近地保护和动态监测;(3)继续加大对重点保护野生植物的保护管理和宣传力度。 展开更多
关键词 IUCN红色名录 濒危植物 濒危等级 空间保护 江苏
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Seed handling by primary frugivores differentially influence post-dispersal seed removal of Chinese yew by ground-dwelling animals 被引量:1
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作者 Yang PAN Bing BAI +2 位作者 tianshi xiong Peijian SHI Changhu LU 《Integrative Zoology》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第3期191-198,共8页
Seed handling by primary frugivores can influence secondary dispersal and/or predation of post-dispersal seeds by attracting different guilds of ground-dwelling animals.Many studies have focused on seeds embedded in f... Seed handling by primary frugivores can influence secondary dispersal and/or predation of post-dispersal seeds by attracting different guilds of ground-dwelling animals.Many studies have focused on seeds embedded in fe­ces of mammals or birds;however,less is known about how ground-dwelling animals treat seeds regurgitated by birds(without pulp and not embedded in feces).To compare the effect of differential seed handling by pri­mary dispersers on secondary seed removal of Chinese yew(Taxus chinensis var.mairei),we conducted a series of exclosure experiments to determine the relative impact of animals on the removal of defecated seeds(handled by masked palm civet),regurgitated seeds(handled by birds)and intact fruits.All types of yew seeds were con­sistently removed at a higher rate by rodents than by ants.Regurgitated seeds had the highest removal percent­age and were only removed by rodents.These seeds were probably eaten in situ without being secondarily dis­persed.Defecated seeds were removed by both rodents and ants;only ants might act as secondary dispersers of defecated seeds,whereas rodents ate most of them.We inferred that seeds regurgitated by birds were subject­ed to the highest rates of predation,whereas those dispersed in the feces of masked palm civets probably had a higher likelihood of secondary dispersal.Seeds from feces attracted ants,which were likely to transport seeds and potentially provided a means by which the seeds could escape predation by rodents.Our study highlighted that primary dispersal by birds might not always facilitate secondary dispersal and establishment of plant popu­lations. 展开更多
关键词 arils defecated seeds regurgitated seeds secondary seed dispersal Taxus chinensis
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