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天然生物质材料的制备、性质与应用(Ⅷ)——高黏多用的天然半乳甘露聚糖胶:瓜尔胶
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作者 孙晓彤 周业杰 +3 位作者 段亚彤 刘雅迪 张挺雨 范金石 《日用化学工业(中英文)》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第8期895-902,共8页
瓜尔胶是从瓜尔豆种子胚乳中提取的一种天然半乳甘露聚糖胶。因瓜尔胶具有良好的水溶性、增稠性、胶凝性、成膜性等性质以及天然无毒、生物相容性良好、可生物降解的天然属性,且利用其分子结构中的羟基、糖苷键等活性官能团进行分子修... 瓜尔胶是从瓜尔豆种子胚乳中提取的一种天然半乳甘露聚糖胶。因瓜尔胶具有良好的水溶性、增稠性、胶凝性、成膜性等性质以及天然无毒、生物相容性良好、可生物降解的天然属性,且利用其分子结构中的羟基、糖苷键等活性官能团进行分子修饰、化学交联、接枝共聚、氧化等改性手段处理后能显著改善其理化性质、增强其功效性能,使得瓜尔胶及其改性产物被广泛应用于日用化工、造纸、食品加工、石油开采、生物医药、水处理等多个行业领域。本文浅述了瓜尔胶的名称、来源和结构及其性质、提取工艺和改性方法,同时介绍了瓜尔胶及其改性产物的应用情况,并提及了瓜尔胶及其改性产物当前面临的问题和今后的研发方向。 展开更多
关键词 瓜尔胶 结构 性质 提取 改性 应用
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2023: Weather and Climate Extremes Hitting the Globe with Emerging Features
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作者 Wenxia zhang Robin CLARK +12 位作者 Tianjun ZHOU Laurent LI Chao LI Juan RIVERA Lixia zhang Kexin GUI tingyu zhang Lan LI Rongyun PAN Yongjun CHEN Shijie TANG Xin HUANG Shuai HU 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期1001-1016,共16页
Globally,2023 was the warmest observed year on record since at least 1850 and,according to proxy evidence,possibly of the past 100000 years.As in recent years,the record warmth has again been accompanied with yet more... Globally,2023 was the warmest observed year on record since at least 1850 and,according to proxy evidence,possibly of the past 100000 years.As in recent years,the record warmth has again been accompanied with yet more extreme weather and climate events throughout the world.Here,we provide an overview of those of 2023,with details and key background causes to help build upon our understanding of the roles of internal climate variability and anthropogenic climate change.We also highlight emerging features associated with some of these extreme events.Hot extremes are occurring earlier in the year,and increasingly simultaneously in differing parts of the world(e.g.,the concurrent hot extremes in the Northern Hemisphere in July 2023).Intense cyclones are exacerbating precipitation extremes(e.g.,the North China flooding in July and the Libya flooding in September).Droughts in some regions(e.g.,California and the Horn of Africa)have transitioned into flood conditions.Climate extremes also show increasing interactions with ecosystems via wildfires(e.g.,those in Hawaii in August and in Canada from spring to autumn 2023)and sandstorms(e.g.,those in Mongolia in April 2023).Finally,we also consider the challenges to research that these emerging characteristics present for the strategy and practice of adaptation. 展开更多
关键词 weather and climate extremes temperature extremes extreme precipitation DROUGHT WILDFIRES
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Reduced temporal activation during a verbal fluency test in clinical high risk of psychosis: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based study 被引量:1
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作者 Yanyan Wei Xiaochen Tang +6 位作者 tingyu zhang Wenjun Su Lihua Xu Huiru Cui Zhenying Qian Tianhong zhang Jijun Wang 《General Psychiatry》 CAS CSCD 2022年第2期101-108,共8页
Background Clinical high risk(CHR)of psychosis is a state in which positive symptoms cause the subjects distress but do not approach a severity level that fulfils the criteria for a psychotic episode.CHR exhibits cogn... Background Clinical high risk(CHR)of psychosis is a state in which positive symptoms cause the subjects distress but do not approach a severity level that fulfils the criteria for a psychotic episode.CHR exhibits cognitive deficits;however,the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear.This study aimed to investigate whether brain activation measured by the levels of oxygenated hemoglobin(oxy-Hb)in CHR subjects could be correlated with cognitive deficits.Methods Fifty-eight CHR individuals who fulfilled the criteria for attenuated positive syndrome as specified in the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndrome(SIPS)and the Scale of Prodromal Syndrome(SOPS)and 58 age-and sex-matched healthy participants were included in the study.All subjects completed the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia(MATRICS)Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB)that includes tests measuring attention,verbal memory,verbal fluency,executive function,and general intelligence.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)was used to measure the level of oxy-Hb in the dorsolateral prefrontal and frontotemporal cortices.Results We observed significantly decreased oxy-Hb levels in channel 32(located in the right superior temporal gyrus,rSTG)within the CHR individuals compared with that in the healthy controls(HCs)(t=−3.44,Bonferroni-corrected p=0.002),indicating lower brain activity.A significant positive correlation was observed between task-relatedβvalues and working memory in the CHR group(r=0.35,p=0.008).Conclusions The brain activation of rSTG is abnormal among subjects at clinicial high risk for psychosis.This abnormality is probably associated with the neural mechanisms of deficits in the working memory during the early stage of psychosis. 展开更多
关键词 DISTRESS ACTIVATION VERBAL
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Effect of Gully Land Reclamation on Soil Organic Matter and Carbon Contents
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作者 Panpan zhang tingyu zhang 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2021年第3期80-82,共3页
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Yan an gully land reclamation project on farmland soil organic matter and carbon contents.[Methods]Through indirect sampling and random sampling metho... [Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Yan an gully land reclamation project on farmland soil organic matter and carbon contents.[Methods]Through indirect sampling and random sampling methods,soil samples were collected from six areas of Baota District,Ansai District,and Zichang County in Yan an City,before and after gully land reclamation,and the organic matter and soil organic carbon contained in them were determined.[Results]Through sampling experiments,we initially analyzed the changes of the above components in the land consolidation areas after different years and the reasons for the changes:①after the Yan an gully land reclamation project was implemented,the soil organic matter and carbon contents increased;②directing at the improvement of soil organic matter and carbon content different years after the consolidation,the improvement ranked as 5 a>2 a>1 a;and③correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between soil organic matter and carbon contents.[Conclusions]This study provides scientific decision-making and theoretical basis for the construction of high-standard farmland in gully areas and the implementation and promotion of gully land reclamation projects. 展开更多
关键词 Gully land reclamation Soil organic matter Soil organic carbon EFFECT
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Botrytis cinerea-induced F-box protein 1 enhances disease resistance by inhibiting JAO/JOX-mediated jasmonic acid catabolism in Arabidopsis 被引量:1
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作者 Min zhang Weiwei Li +2 位作者 tingyu zhang Yueyan Liu Lijing Liu 《Molecular Plant》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期297-311,共15页
Jasmonic acid(JA)is a crucial phytohormone that regulates plant immunity.The endogenous JA level is determined by the rates of its biosynthesis and catabolism in plants.The activation of JA biosynthesis has been well ... Jasmonic acid(JA)is a crucial phytohormone that regulates plant immunity.The endogenous JA level is determined by the rates of its biosynthesis and catabolism in plants.The activation of JA biosynthesis has been well documented;however,how plants repress JA catabolism upon pathogen infection remains elusive.In this study,we identified and characterized Botrytis cinerea-induced F-box protein 1(BFP1)in Arabidopsis.The expression of BFP1 was induced by B.cinerea in a JA signaling-dependent manner,and BFP1 protein was critical for plant defense against B.cinerea and plant response to JA.In addition,BFP1 overexpression increased plant defenses against broad-spectrum pathogens without fitness costs.Further experiments demonstrated that BFP1 interacts with and mediates the ubiquitination and degrada-tion of jasmonic acid oxidases(JAOs,also known as jasmonate-induced oxygenases,JoXs),the enzymes that hydroxylate JA to 12OH-JA.Consistent with this,BFP1 affects the accumulation of JA and 12OH-JA during B.cinerea infection.Moreover,mutation of JAo2 complemented the phenotypes of the bfp1 mutant.Collectively,our results unveil a new mechanism used by plants to activate immune responses upon path-ogeninfection:suppressing JA catabolism. 展开更多
关键词 plant immunity BFP1 JAO/JOXs JA catabolism ubiquitination-mediated degradation
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Low-rank representation based robust face recognition by two-dimensional whitening reconstruction
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作者 Shuo FENG Changpeng WANG +1 位作者 Hong SHU tingyu zhang 《Frontiers of Computer Science》 SCIE EI CSCD 2020年第4期211-213,共3页
1 Introduction and main contributions Recently,low-rank representation(LRR)has been introduced and applied to capture the underlying low-dimensional struc-ture of data in pattern recognition and computer vision.LRR co... 1 Introduction and main contributions Recently,low-rank representation(LRR)has been introduced and applied to capture the underlying low-dimensional struc-ture of data in pattern recognition and computer vision.LRR could detect the corruptions automatically during data recov-ery under mild conditions[1].In the sense of simultaneously optimizing the data representation,LRR is claimed to well capture the global structure of the data[2]. 展开更多
关键词 COMPUTER REPRESENTATION RANK
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