为了建立高效、灵敏的猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)检测方法,本研究从GenBank数据库中获取PEDV N基因序列,扩增出PEDV N基因标准质粒,并在N基因的保守区域内设计了一对特异性荧光定量引物,成功建立了SYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。...为了建立高效、灵敏的猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)检测方法,本研究从GenBank数据库中获取PEDV N基因序列,扩增出PEDV N基因标准质粒,并在N基因的保守区域内设计了一对特异性荧光定量引物,成功建立了SYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。经过一系列试验表明,该检测方法线性关系良好,R^(2)值为0.99;特异性强,敏感性高,最低可检测至2.23 copies/μL,比普通PCR灵敏约100倍;重复性好,组内变异系数为0.25%~0.43%,组间变异系数为0.67%~0.97%;对于各地区96份临床样品检测出PEDV阳性率为25%。本研究建立的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法为PEDV的临床诊断、流行病学调查以及定量研究提供了有效的检测工具。展开更多
The massive use of antibiotics has led to the aggravation of bacterial resistance and also brought environmental pollution problems.This poses a great threat to human health.If the dosage of antibiotics is reduced by ...The massive use of antibiotics has led to the aggravation of bacterial resistance and also brought environmental pollution problems.This poses a great threat to human health.If the dosage of antibiotics is reduced by increasing its bactericidal performance,the emergence of drug resistance is certainly delayed,so that there's not enough time for developing drug resistance during treatment.Therefore,we selected typical representative materials of metal Ag and semiconductor ZnO nano-bactericides to design and synthesize Ag/ZnO hollow core-shell structures(AZ for short).Antibiotics are grafted on the surface of AZ through rational modification to form a composite sterilization system.The research results show that the antibacterial efficiency of the composite system is significantly increased,from the sum(34.7%+22.8%-57.5%)of the antibacterial efficiency of AZ and gentamicin to 80.2%,net synergizes 22.7%,which fully reflects the effect of 1+1>2.Therefore,the dosage of antibiotics can be drastically reduced in this way,which makes both the possibility of bacterial resistance and medical expenses remarkably decrease.Subsequently,residual antibiotics can be degraded under simple illumination using AZ-self as a photocatalyst,which cuts off the path of environmental pollution.In short,such an innovative route has guiding significance for drug resistance.展开更多
Adventitious root formation is a bottleneck during vegetative proliferation.Potassium(K^(+))is an essential macronutrient for plants.K^(+)accumulation from the soil and its distribution to the different plant organs i...Adventitious root formation is a bottleneck during vegetative proliferation.Potassium(K^(+))is an essential macronutrient for plants.K^(+)accumulation from the soil and its distribution to the different plant organs is mediated by K^(+)transporters named K^(+)transporter(KT),K^(+)uptake(KUP),or high-affinity K^(+)(HAK).This study aimed to identify members of the HAK gene family in apples and to characterize the effects of K^(+)supply on adventitious root formation and on the expression of HAK genes and the genes that putatively control auxin transport,signaling,and cell fate during adventitious root formation.In this study,34 HAK genes(MdHAKs)were identified in the apple(Malus×domestica‘Golden Delicious’)genome.A phylogenetic analysis divided MdHAKs into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),comprising 16,1,4,and 13 genes,respectively.The syntenic relationships revealed that 62.5%of the total MdHAK genes arise from genomic duplication events.Chromosome location,domain structure,motif analysis,and physico-chemical characteristics were subsequently investigated.Furthermore,the application of K^(+)indicated the emergence of adventitious roots at 8 d and produced more adventitious roots at 16 d than the K^(+)-free control(CK)treatment.In addition,various MdHAKs showed root-specific expression in B9 apple rootstock stem cuttings and enhanced expression during the initiation and emergence stages of adventitious root formation in response to K^(+)treatment.Additionally,K^(+)treatment enhanced the expression levels of MdPIN1,MdPIN2,and MdAUX1.Further data indicated that a higher expression of MdWOX11,MdLBD16,and MdLBD29 and of cell cycle-related genes contributed to the auxin-stimulated adventitious root formation in response to K^(+).展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the difference and the correlation between the concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor of eyes with macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy(DR)or retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:Th...AIM:To evaluate the difference and the correlation between the concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor of eyes with macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy(DR)or retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:This is a retrospective case control study.The aqueous humor samples were collected during intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)for patients diagnosed with macular edema secondary to DR(DME)or RVO(RVO-ME)at Xijing Hospital from August 2021 to July 2022.Meanwhile,aqueous humor samples during vitrectomy from patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH)were also collected and served as controls.The aqueous humor concentrations of VEGF,platelet-derived factor(PDGF),interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,IL-18,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1)were measured with Human Premixed Multi-Analyte Kit(Luminex).The difference of the aqueous cytokines and the correlation between the two diseases were analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 40 eyes of 38 patients were enrolled in the study,including 13 eyes of 11 DME patients(DME group),16 eyes of 16 RVO-ME patients(RVO-ME group)and 11 eyes of 11 IMH patients(control group).The VEGF,PDGF,IL-6,IL-8,and MCP-1 levels of the aqueous humor were higher in both DME and RVO-ME groups compared with the control group(all P<0.05),the levels of TNF-αwas higher in the DME group than in the control group(P<0.05).The VEGF,IL-6,MCP-1,and TNF-αlevels in the aqueous humor were significantly higher in the DR group than those in the RVO group(all P<0.05).Correlation analyses revealed that there were complex positive correlations between IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,MCP-1,and TNF-αlevels in the aqueous humor of eyes with two diseases.CONCLUSION:Although ischemic and inflammatory factors are similarly involved in the pathogenesis of DME and RVO-ME,the roles of these factors are more significant or more likely to be activated in DR patients,suggesting different treatment strategies should be considered for the two diseases.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR,Combining location data, species distribution modeling(Max Ent), and major conservation events, we analyzed historical distribution changes in golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinl...DEAR EDITOR,Combining location data, species distribution modeling(Max Ent), and major conservation events, we analyzed historical distribution changes in golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains of China.展开更多
AIM:To assess the efficacy versus the adverse effects of various concentrations of atropine in the prevention of myopia in Asian children.METHODS:Databases(PubMed,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library and Web of science)were co...AIM:To assess the efficacy versus the adverse effects of various concentrations of atropine in the prevention of myopia in Asian children.METHODS:Databases(PubMed,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library and Web of science)were comprehensively searched from inception to April 2022.Types of studies included were randomized clinical trials(RCTs).The published languages were limited to English.Two researchers assessed the quality of included studies independently using Cochrane risk of bias tool based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used for detection of publication bias.Meta-analyses were conducted using STATA(version 15.0;StataCorp).RESULTS:A total of 15 RCTs involving 2268 patients were included in the study.In the atropine group,spherical equivalent progressed at a significantly lower rate[weighted mean difference(WMD)=0.39,95%confidence interval(CI):0.23,0.54]than in the control group.A WMD of 0.15 mm was associated with less axial elongation(95%CI-0.19,-0.10).Different doses showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05)and an improved effect could result from a higher concentration.Changes in photopic pupil size and mesopic pupil size in atropine group is 0.70 mm(95%CI:0.33,1.06)and 0.38 mm(95%CI:0.22,0.54)more than the control group.In the present Meta-analysis,no changes in accommodative amplitude(AA)were associated with atropine administration.Atropine administration increased the risk of adverse effects by 1.37 times.CONCLUSION:Concentrations of less than 1%atropine are able to effectively retard diopter and axis growth of myopia in Asian children in a dose-dependent manner.Meanwhile,it caused pupil enlargement,but induced no change in the AA within this range.Further study is required to determine the dosage needed to achieve maximum efficacy and minimal side effects.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to study the effects of whole-plant corn silage and whole-plant wheat silage on growth performance and economic benefits of beef cattle.[Methods]Thirty Simmental crossbred cattle w...[Objectives]This study was conducted to study the effects of whole-plant corn silage and whole-plant wheat silage on growth performance and economic benefits of beef cattle.[Methods]Thirty Simmental crossbred cattle were selected and randomly divided based on their weight into two groups,15 cows in each group,with an average weight of 398 kg.Each group was fed the same concentrated feed,and the whole-plant corn silage and wheat silage were fed as roughage feed,respectively.The experimental period was 90 d.[Results](1)There was no significant difference in the initial weight of beef cattle between test group 1 and test group 2(P>0.05).Compared with group 2,group 1 had a higher final weight,average daily gain,and dry matter intake of beef cattle,without significant differences(P>0.05).Group 1 was 0.58%,1.99%,and 1.43%higher than group 2,respectively.The feed-to-gain ratio of test group 1 decreased by 0.54%compared with test group 2(P>0.05),with no significant difference therebetween.(2)The economic benefit of group 1 was 11.45 yuan/(day·capita),while the economic benefit of group 2 was 2.41 yuan/(day·capita),and group 1 was 9.04 yuan/(day·capita)higher than group 2.[Conclusions]Whole-plant corn silage for feeding beef cattle has the advantages of good weight gain and low breeding cost,and can be popularized in beef cattle fattening.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22176145,82172612)the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Dalian University of Technology(KF 2001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(22120210137).
文摘The massive use of antibiotics has led to the aggravation of bacterial resistance and also brought environmental pollution problems.This poses a great threat to human health.If the dosage of antibiotics is reduced by increasing its bactericidal performance,the emergence of drug resistance is certainly delayed,so that there's not enough time for developing drug resistance during treatment.Therefore,we selected typical representative materials of metal Ag and semiconductor ZnO nano-bactericides to design and synthesize Ag/ZnO hollow core-shell structures(AZ for short).Antibiotics are grafted on the surface of AZ through rational modification to form a composite sterilization system.The research results show that the antibacterial efficiency of the composite system is significantly increased,from the sum(34.7%+22.8%-57.5%)of the antibacterial efficiency of AZ and gentamicin to 80.2%,net synergizes 22.7%,which fully reflects the effect of 1+1>2.Therefore,the dosage of antibiotics can be drastically reduced in this way,which makes both the possibility of bacterial resistance and medical expenses remarkably decrease.Subsequently,residual antibiotics can be degraded under simple illumination using AZ-self as a photocatalyst,which cuts off the path of environmental pollution.In short,such an innovative route has guiding significance for drug resistance.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD1000101,2019YFD1000803)Shaanxi Apple Industry Science and Technology Project(Grant No.2020zdzx03-01-04)+1 种基金Tang Scholar by Cyrus Tang Foundation(Grant No.C200022002)The China Apple Research System(Grant No.CARS-27).
文摘Adventitious root formation is a bottleneck during vegetative proliferation.Potassium(K^(+))is an essential macronutrient for plants.K^(+)accumulation from the soil and its distribution to the different plant organs is mediated by K^(+)transporters named K^(+)transporter(KT),K^(+)uptake(KUP),or high-affinity K^(+)(HAK).This study aimed to identify members of the HAK gene family in apples and to characterize the effects of K^(+)supply on adventitious root formation and on the expression of HAK genes and the genes that putatively control auxin transport,signaling,and cell fate during adventitious root formation.In this study,34 HAK genes(MdHAKs)were identified in the apple(Malus×domestica‘Golden Delicious’)genome.A phylogenetic analysis divided MdHAKs into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),comprising 16,1,4,and 13 genes,respectively.The syntenic relationships revealed that 62.5%of the total MdHAK genes arise from genomic duplication events.Chromosome location,domain structure,motif analysis,and physico-chemical characteristics were subsequently investigated.Furthermore,the application of K^(+)indicated the emergence of adventitious roots at 8 d and produced more adventitious roots at 16 d than the K^(+)-free control(CK)treatment.In addition,various MdHAKs showed root-specific expression in B9 apple rootstock stem cuttings and enhanced expression during the initiation and emergence stages of adventitious root formation in response to K^(+)treatment.Additionally,K^(+)treatment enhanced the expression levels of MdPIN1,MdPIN2,and MdAUX1.Further data indicated that a higher expression of MdWOX11,MdLBD16,and MdLBD29 and of cell cycle-related genes contributed to the auxin-stimulated adventitious root formation in response to K^(+).
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81470654)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2019SF-047)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the difference and the correlation between the concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor of eyes with macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy(DR)or retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:This is a retrospective case control study.The aqueous humor samples were collected during intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)for patients diagnosed with macular edema secondary to DR(DME)or RVO(RVO-ME)at Xijing Hospital from August 2021 to July 2022.Meanwhile,aqueous humor samples during vitrectomy from patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH)were also collected and served as controls.The aqueous humor concentrations of VEGF,platelet-derived factor(PDGF),interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,IL-18,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1)were measured with Human Premixed Multi-Analyte Kit(Luminex).The difference of the aqueous cytokines and the correlation between the two diseases were analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 40 eyes of 38 patients were enrolled in the study,including 13 eyes of 11 DME patients(DME group),16 eyes of 16 RVO-ME patients(RVO-ME group)and 11 eyes of 11 IMH patients(control group).The VEGF,PDGF,IL-6,IL-8,and MCP-1 levels of the aqueous humor were higher in both DME and RVO-ME groups compared with the control group(all P<0.05),the levels of TNF-αwas higher in the DME group than in the control group(P<0.05).The VEGF,IL-6,MCP-1,and TNF-αlevels in the aqueous humor were significantly higher in the DR group than those in the RVO group(all P<0.05).Correlation analyses revealed that there were complex positive correlations between IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,MCP-1,and TNF-αlevels in the aqueous humor of eyes with two diseases.CONCLUSION:Although ischemic and inflammatory factors are similarly involved in the pathogenesis of DME and RVO-ME,the roles of these factors are more significant or more likely to be activated in DR patients,suggesting different treatment strategies should be considered for the two diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070457, 32200396, 32000317)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31020302)+3 种基金Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project(2019HJ2096001006)Key Cultivation Research Project of Shaanxi Academy of Sciences (2022k-05,2021kp-7,2020k-1,2020K-20)Forestry Reform and Development Foundation of Shaanxi Forestry Bureau (2021)American Society of Primatologists Wild “Saving Primates Where They Live” Partnership Award。
文摘DEAR EDITOR,Combining location data, species distribution modeling(Max Ent), and major conservation events, we analyzed historical distribution changes in golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains of China.
文摘AIM:To assess the efficacy versus the adverse effects of various concentrations of atropine in the prevention of myopia in Asian children.METHODS:Databases(PubMed,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library and Web of science)were comprehensively searched from inception to April 2022.Types of studies included were randomized clinical trials(RCTs).The published languages were limited to English.Two researchers assessed the quality of included studies independently using Cochrane risk of bias tool based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used for detection of publication bias.Meta-analyses were conducted using STATA(version 15.0;StataCorp).RESULTS:A total of 15 RCTs involving 2268 patients were included in the study.In the atropine group,spherical equivalent progressed at a significantly lower rate[weighted mean difference(WMD)=0.39,95%confidence interval(CI):0.23,0.54]than in the control group.A WMD of 0.15 mm was associated with less axial elongation(95%CI-0.19,-0.10).Different doses showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05)and an improved effect could result from a higher concentration.Changes in photopic pupil size and mesopic pupil size in atropine group is 0.70 mm(95%CI:0.33,1.06)and 0.38 mm(95%CI:0.22,0.54)more than the control group.In the present Meta-analysis,no changes in accommodative amplitude(AA)were associated with atropine administration.Atropine administration increased the risk of adverse effects by 1.37 times.CONCLUSION:Concentrations of less than 1%atropine are able to effectively retard diopter and axis growth of myopia in Asian children in a dose-dependent manner.Meanwhile,it caused pupil enlargement,but induced no change in the AA within this range.Further study is required to determine the dosage needed to achieve maximum efficacy and minimal side effects.
基金Supported by The Fourth Batch of High-end Talent Project in Hebei ProvinceHebei Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents(21130243A)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to study the effects of whole-plant corn silage and whole-plant wheat silage on growth performance and economic benefits of beef cattle.[Methods]Thirty Simmental crossbred cattle were selected and randomly divided based on their weight into two groups,15 cows in each group,with an average weight of 398 kg.Each group was fed the same concentrated feed,and the whole-plant corn silage and wheat silage were fed as roughage feed,respectively.The experimental period was 90 d.[Results](1)There was no significant difference in the initial weight of beef cattle between test group 1 and test group 2(P>0.05).Compared with group 2,group 1 had a higher final weight,average daily gain,and dry matter intake of beef cattle,without significant differences(P>0.05).Group 1 was 0.58%,1.99%,and 1.43%higher than group 2,respectively.The feed-to-gain ratio of test group 1 decreased by 0.54%compared with test group 2(P>0.05),with no significant difference therebetween.(2)The economic benefit of group 1 was 11.45 yuan/(day·capita),while the economic benefit of group 2 was 2.41 yuan/(day·capita),and group 1 was 9.04 yuan/(day·capita)higher than group 2.[Conclusions]Whole-plant corn silage for feeding beef cattle has the advantages of good weight gain and low breeding cost,and can be popularized in beef cattle fattening.
