The present study focused on the chemical characterization of the watercourse of the Togbadji Lake wildlife ranch. The methodological approach followed is as follows: Bibliography review, Sampling campaign. The result...The present study focused on the chemical characterization of the watercourse of the Togbadji Lake wildlife ranch. The methodological approach followed is as follows: Bibliography review, Sampling campaign. The results obtained were the subject of descriptive statistics, the two-sample Wilcoxon test to determine the impact of different localities on the abundance of microbiological contaminants, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with the software R version 3.5.0, in order to group the pollution parameters according to the different levels and sources of contamination. From our results, it is found that the respective average values in dry and rainy seasons for ammonium ions are 0.38 ± 0.16 mg/L and 0.22 ± 0.03 mg/L;for nitrite ions 0.20 ± 0.25 mg/L and 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/L;for nitrate ions 3.72 ± 2.52 mg/L and 7.84 ± 4.91 mg/L;for total Kjeldahl nitrogen 1.27 ± 1.44 mg/L and 1.19 ± 1.49 mg/L;for orthophosphate ions 0.20 ± 0.25 mg/L and 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/L;for total phosphorus 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/L and 0.11 ± 0.23 mg/L;the chemical oxygen demand 93.36 ± 61.73 mg/L of O2 and 89.93 ± 66.11 mg/L of O2 and the biochemical oxygen demand over 5 days 25.50 ± 18.22 mg/L of O2 and 37 ± 33.15 of O2. It emerged that the main sources of pollution in Lake Togbadji are runoff water, discharges of various wastewater from artisanal activities, livestock farming and open defecation.展开更多
This study focuses on monitoring the exposure of populations in South Benin to atmospheric pollution. Thirteen (13) monitoring points were identified where the Air quality measurements were taken using autonomous elec...This study focuses on monitoring the exposure of populations in South Benin to atmospheric pollution. Thirteen (13) monitoring points were identified where the Air quality measurements were taken using autonomous electronic devices called “Air Quality Monitor”. Calibrated and turned on, the measuring device automatically determines the concentrations of carbon dioxide CO<sub>2</sub>, Total Organic Compounds, methanal (HCHO), particulate matter PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>, temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and relative humidity (RH). Per site, air pollution levels are recorded for 5 minutes every 30 minutes from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. After the analyses, it appears that the carbon dioxide CO<sub>2</sub> contents vary from 400 to 1444 ppm with an average of 486.80 ± 184.3 ppm, the daily contents of Total Volatile Organic Compounds from 0.01 to 6 .91 mg/m<sup>3</sup> with a daily average of 0.36 ± 0.65 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, aldehydes from 0.005 to 3 mg/m<sup>3</sup> with an average of 0.05 ± 0.17 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, for particulate matter of diameters less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) pollution levels vary between 5 and 173.8 μg/m<sup>3</sup> with an average of 21.5 ± 17.62 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. On the other hand, for PM<sub>10</sub>, the contents vary from 5 to 449.6 μg/m<sup>3</sup> with an average of 28.17 ± 31.74 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, the Air Quality Index (AQI) varies from 0, 3 to 243 with an average of 39 ± 33.16. From the results observed, it appears that the south-western part of South Benin is heavily polluted by CO<sub>2</sub>, Total Volatile Organic Compounds, PM<sub>10</sub> and especially PM<sub>2.5</sub> with the city of Cotonou at its head, in particular the Red Star crossroads, the Toyota crossroads and the crossroads after the friendship stadium. The impacts of this pollution could be significant on sensitive people such as the elderly, newborns and patients with acute and chronic respiratory illnesses.展开更多
文摘The present study focused on the chemical characterization of the watercourse of the Togbadji Lake wildlife ranch. The methodological approach followed is as follows: Bibliography review, Sampling campaign. The results obtained were the subject of descriptive statistics, the two-sample Wilcoxon test to determine the impact of different localities on the abundance of microbiological contaminants, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with the software R version 3.5.0, in order to group the pollution parameters according to the different levels and sources of contamination. From our results, it is found that the respective average values in dry and rainy seasons for ammonium ions are 0.38 ± 0.16 mg/L and 0.22 ± 0.03 mg/L;for nitrite ions 0.20 ± 0.25 mg/L and 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/L;for nitrate ions 3.72 ± 2.52 mg/L and 7.84 ± 4.91 mg/L;for total Kjeldahl nitrogen 1.27 ± 1.44 mg/L and 1.19 ± 1.49 mg/L;for orthophosphate ions 0.20 ± 0.25 mg/L and 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/L;for total phosphorus 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/L and 0.11 ± 0.23 mg/L;the chemical oxygen demand 93.36 ± 61.73 mg/L of O2 and 89.93 ± 66.11 mg/L of O2 and the biochemical oxygen demand over 5 days 25.50 ± 18.22 mg/L of O2 and 37 ± 33.15 of O2. It emerged that the main sources of pollution in Lake Togbadji are runoff water, discharges of various wastewater from artisanal activities, livestock farming and open defecation.
文摘This study focuses on monitoring the exposure of populations in South Benin to atmospheric pollution. Thirteen (13) monitoring points were identified where the Air quality measurements were taken using autonomous electronic devices called “Air Quality Monitor”. Calibrated and turned on, the measuring device automatically determines the concentrations of carbon dioxide CO<sub>2</sub>, Total Organic Compounds, methanal (HCHO), particulate matter PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>, temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and relative humidity (RH). Per site, air pollution levels are recorded for 5 minutes every 30 minutes from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. After the analyses, it appears that the carbon dioxide CO<sub>2</sub> contents vary from 400 to 1444 ppm with an average of 486.80 ± 184.3 ppm, the daily contents of Total Volatile Organic Compounds from 0.01 to 6 .91 mg/m<sup>3</sup> with a daily average of 0.36 ± 0.65 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, aldehydes from 0.005 to 3 mg/m<sup>3</sup> with an average of 0.05 ± 0.17 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, for particulate matter of diameters less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) pollution levels vary between 5 and 173.8 μg/m<sup>3</sup> with an average of 21.5 ± 17.62 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. On the other hand, for PM<sub>10</sub>, the contents vary from 5 to 449.6 μg/m<sup>3</sup> with an average of 28.17 ± 31.74 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, the Air Quality Index (AQI) varies from 0, 3 to 243 with an average of 39 ± 33.16. From the results observed, it appears that the south-western part of South Benin is heavily polluted by CO<sub>2</sub>, Total Volatile Organic Compounds, PM<sub>10</sub> and especially PM<sub>2.5</sub> with the city of Cotonou at its head, in particular the Red Star crossroads, the Toyota crossroads and the crossroads after the friendship stadium. The impacts of this pollution could be significant on sensitive people such as the elderly, newborns and patients with acute and chronic respiratory illnesses.
