食品冷链设备中的风幕式陈列柜能耗大,尤其是双温型风幕陈列柜可满足冷、热双温储存的需求,其独立的制冷、制热设备具有更高的能耗。采用冷凝热回收技术可以有效降低双温型风幕陈列柜用于制热的能耗,进而降低总耗电量。本文对可回收冷...食品冷链设备中的风幕式陈列柜能耗大,尤其是双温型风幕陈列柜可满足冷、热双温储存的需求,其独立的制冷、制热设备具有更高的能耗。采用冷凝热回收技术可以有效降低双温型风幕陈列柜用于制热的能耗,进而降低总耗电量。本文对可回收冷凝热的冷热双温型风幕陈列柜进行了仿真分析,以COP和有效制热功率为指标,确定了制冷系统中各部件的优化方向,给出了具体的模型,将并将其与传统电加热型陈列柜进行了对比,然后结合具体的实验数据验证了模型的有效性,对其节能潜力进行了研究,结果发现:冷凝热回收的双温陈列柜具有显著的节能优势,其系统配置的核心是冷凝侧的风量,推荐配置变频风机,可在15、20、25、32℃的环境温度下分别采用0.018、0.03、0.045/、0.095 m 3/s的最优风量;当冷凝器风量保持0.06 m 3/s时,冷凝热回收型双温陈列柜在高温工况有较好的节能效果,而在标准工况25℃环温时节能的效果最好,可以使耗电量下降约52%。展开更多
Spectral conjugate gradient method is an algorithm obtained by combination of spectral gradient method and conjugate gradient method,which is characterized with global convergence and simplicity of spectral gradient m...Spectral conjugate gradient method is an algorithm obtained by combination of spectral gradient method and conjugate gradient method,which is characterized with global convergence and simplicity of spectral gradient method,and small storage of conjugate gradient method.Besides,the spectral conjugate gradient method was proved that the search direction at each iteration is a descent direction of objective function even without relying on any line search method.Spectral conjugate gradient method is applied to full waveform inversion for numerical tests on Marmousi model.The authors give a comparison on numerical results obtained by steepest descent method,conjugate gradient method and spectral conjugate gradient method,which shows that the spectral conjugate gradient method is superior to the other two methods.展开更多
The study on seismic anisotropy is one of the difficult problems in the field of geophysics nowadays.As a method of ray theory,the seismic anisotropy ray tracing is an important means to study the anisotropic seismic ...The study on seismic anisotropy is one of the difficult problems in the field of geophysics nowadays.As a method of ray theory,the seismic anisotropy ray tracing is an important means to study the anisotropic seismic wave propagation. The traditional ray tracing system formulated in terms of elastic parameters in the anisotropy is more complicated than that in the isotropic case. Considering the difficulty,a kind of ray tracing system formulated in terms of phase velocity and group velocity is introduced. The new method is similar to the expressions for isotropic media,and avoids the trouble of determining the eigenvalue vector at each time. Besides the ray tracing numerical simulation of different models of vertical transversely isotropic( VTI) medium is carried out,in order to verify the accuracy and applicability of the method and further study the characteristics of wave field propagation in different VTI mediums. The study is certainly valuable in reference for later processing of the anisotropic seismic data.展开更多
This paper originally investigates the effect of NH_(3) dilution on soot formation when NH_(3) is gradually added into the fuel stream in an ethylene laminar diffusion flame stabilized on a Santoro burner.The variatio...This paper originally investigates the effect of NH_(3) dilution on soot formation when NH_(3) is gradually added into the fuel stream in an ethylene laminar diffusion flame stabilized on a Santoro burner.The variations of flame diameter and two flame heights,i.e.,mixture-strength flame height and visible flame height are carefully documented and analyzed.Moreover,local soot volume fraction(SVF)and soot temperature fields are simultaneously measured by compact-modulated absorption and emission technique,and the corresponding measurement random errors are also provided by the error propagation calculations for the first time.All the reported measurement random errors of SVF and soot temperature fields are estimated within the range of±0.07–±0.08 ppm and±40–±91 K,respectively.As an original database,the concomitantly measured SVF and soot temperature distributions are provided as high-fidelity datasets for refining soot formation model that is overrode by NH_(3).In addition,the flame cross-section average SVF F_(soot)(z)is calculated for every NH_(3) diluted flame,and the relative contributions of NH_(3) dilution and chemical effect are quantitatively assessed in terms of F_(max)-X_(NH_(3))plotting.It is found that when X_(NH_(3))<30%,the chemical effect of ammonia is about twice that of the dilution effect.While X_(NH_(3))>30%,the chemical effect and dilution effect of ammonia are gradually equal.Eventually,through modeling of the soot formation rate V in the flames,the relative contributions of chemical effect,dilution effect and thermal effect of NH_(3)are further novelty discriminated within the X_(NH_(3))from 0 to 46%and it is shown that NH_(3) chemical effect plays the dominate role in soot suppression,then the dilution effect and the thermal one at the least.展开更多
文摘食品冷链设备中的风幕式陈列柜能耗大,尤其是双温型风幕陈列柜可满足冷、热双温储存的需求,其独立的制冷、制热设备具有更高的能耗。采用冷凝热回收技术可以有效降低双温型风幕陈列柜用于制热的能耗,进而降低总耗电量。本文对可回收冷凝热的冷热双温型风幕陈列柜进行了仿真分析,以COP和有效制热功率为指标,确定了制冷系统中各部件的优化方向,给出了具体的模型,将并将其与传统电加热型陈列柜进行了对比,然后结合具体的实验数据验证了模型的有效性,对其节能潜力进行了研究,结果发现:冷凝热回收的双温陈列柜具有显著的节能优势,其系统配置的核心是冷凝侧的风量,推荐配置变频风机,可在15、20、25、32℃的环境温度下分别采用0.018、0.03、0.045/、0.095 m 3/s的最优风量;当冷凝器风量保持0.06 m 3/s时,冷凝热回收型双温陈列柜在高温工况有较好的节能效果,而在标准工况25℃环温时节能的效果最好,可以使耗电量下降约52%。
文摘Spectral conjugate gradient method is an algorithm obtained by combination of spectral gradient method and conjugate gradient method,which is characterized with global convergence and simplicity of spectral gradient method,and small storage of conjugate gradient method.Besides,the spectral conjugate gradient method was proved that the search direction at each iteration is a descent direction of objective function even without relying on any line search method.Spectral conjugate gradient method is applied to full waveform inversion for numerical tests on Marmousi model.The authors give a comparison on numerical results obtained by steepest descent method,conjugate gradient method and spectral conjugate gradient method,which shows that the spectral conjugate gradient method is superior to the other two methods.
文摘The study on seismic anisotropy is one of the difficult problems in the field of geophysics nowadays.As a method of ray theory,the seismic anisotropy ray tracing is an important means to study the anisotropic seismic wave propagation. The traditional ray tracing system formulated in terms of elastic parameters in the anisotropy is more complicated than that in the isotropic case. Considering the difficulty,a kind of ray tracing system formulated in terms of phase velocity and group velocity is introduced. The new method is similar to the expressions for isotropic media,and avoids the trouble of determining the eigenvalue vector at each time. Besides the ray tracing numerical simulation of different models of vertical transversely isotropic( VTI) medium is carried out,in order to verify the accuracy and applicability of the method and further study the characteristics of wave field propagation in different VTI mediums. The study is certainly valuable in reference for later processing of the anisotropic seismic data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52130605)。
文摘This paper originally investigates the effect of NH_(3) dilution on soot formation when NH_(3) is gradually added into the fuel stream in an ethylene laminar diffusion flame stabilized on a Santoro burner.The variations of flame diameter and two flame heights,i.e.,mixture-strength flame height and visible flame height are carefully documented and analyzed.Moreover,local soot volume fraction(SVF)and soot temperature fields are simultaneously measured by compact-modulated absorption and emission technique,and the corresponding measurement random errors are also provided by the error propagation calculations for the first time.All the reported measurement random errors of SVF and soot temperature fields are estimated within the range of±0.07–±0.08 ppm and±40–±91 K,respectively.As an original database,the concomitantly measured SVF and soot temperature distributions are provided as high-fidelity datasets for refining soot formation model that is overrode by NH_(3).In addition,the flame cross-section average SVF F_(soot)(z)is calculated for every NH_(3) diluted flame,and the relative contributions of NH_(3) dilution and chemical effect are quantitatively assessed in terms of F_(max)-X_(NH_(3))plotting.It is found that when X_(NH_(3))<30%,the chemical effect of ammonia is about twice that of the dilution effect.While X_(NH_(3))>30%,the chemical effect and dilution effect of ammonia are gradually equal.Eventually,through modeling of the soot formation rate V in the flames,the relative contributions of chemical effect,dilution effect and thermal effect of NH_(3)are further novelty discriminated within the X_(NH_(3))from 0 to 46%and it is shown that NH_(3) chemical effect plays the dominate role in soot suppression,then the dilution effect and the thermal one at the least.
