Objective To assess the current status of the acrylamide in the Chinese food supply, the dietary acrylamide exposure in the Chinese population and to estimate the public health risks of the current consumption. Method...Objective To assess the current status of the acrylamide in the Chinese food supply, the dietary acrylamide exposure in the Chinese population and to estimate the public health risks of the current consumption. Methods The acrylamide content in the total diet study (TDS) food samples was analyzed using an LC-MS/MS method. Based on the analytical results, the dietary exposure calculations were performed using a deterministic method, combining mean acrylamide concentrations from the food group composite with their associated food consumptions. Results Acrylamide was detected in 43.7% of all samples collected and acrylamide concentration varied from ND to 526.6 μg/kg. The estimated dietary intakes of acrylamide among Chinese general population given as the mean and the 95th percentile (P95) were 0.286 and 0.490 μg·kg-1 bw·day-1 , respectively. The margins of exposure (MOEs) for the population calculated using both benchmark dose lower confidence limit for a 10% extra risk of tumors in animals (BMDL10) 0.31 and 0.18 μg·kg-1 bw·day-1 , were 1069 and 621 for the mean dietary exposure, and 633 and 367 for the high dietary exposure respectively. Conclusion These MOE values might indicate a human health concern on acrylamide for Chinese population. Efforts should continue to reduce acrylamide levels in food in order to reduce the dietary risks to the human health.展开更多
Objective To assess the net health effect caused by the consumption of specific marine species based on Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods(BRAFO)-tiered approach. Methods Twenty species were collected from the Zhoushan A...Objective To assess the net health effect caused by the consumption of specific marine species based on Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods(BRAFO)-tiered approach. Methods Twenty species were collected from the Zhoushan Archipelago, China. Concentrations of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl mercury(Me Hg), and dioxin-like compounds(DLCs) in the samples were analyzed for benefit risk assessment based on BRAFO-tiered approach. Results Based on the BRAFO-tiered approach, reference scenario(no intake) and alternative scenario(intake of specific species of 200 g/week) were determined. The exposure to Me Hg/DLCs via alternative scenario of all studied species did not exceed provisional tolerable weekly/monthly intake. However, the adult population with high DLCs exposure in China would significantly exceed the upper limit of DLCs via an additional alternative scenario of some species such as Auxis thazard. The results of deterministic computation showed that alternative scenario of all studied species generated clear net beneficial effects on death prevention and child IQ gain. Conclusion The alternative scenario of all studied species could be recommended to population with average DLCs exposure, and the reference scenario of species with relatively high DLCs concentration could be recommended to population exposed to high DLCs.展开更多
Objective To determine 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone(AMOZ) residues released from protein bound AMOZ in animal tissues.Methods Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were produced in this study.A rapid,sens...Objective To determine 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone(AMOZ) residues released from protein bound AMOZ in animal tissues.Methods Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were produced in this study.A rapid,sensitive,and specific competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(cdELISA) was developed.Results Rabbit polyclonal antibodies were used in the optimized cdELISA method,and exhibited negligible cross-reactivity with other compounds structurally related to AMOZ.The IC50of the polyclonal antibody was 0.16 ng/mL.The method limit of detection in four different types of animal and fish tissues was less than 0.06 μg/kg.Recoveries ranged from 80% to 120% for fortified samples with the coefficient of variation values less than 15%.The results of the cdELISA method were in good agreement with the results from an established liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmatory method used for AMOZ residues.Conclusion The cdELISA method developed in the present study is a convenient practical tool for screening large numbers of animal and fish tissue samples for the the detection of released protein bound AMOZ residues.展开更多
Melamine in combination with cyanuric acid has been considered to be more toxic than either melamine or cyanuric acid alone.The objective of this study was designed to evaluate the combined genotoxicity and cytotoxici...Melamine in combination with cyanuric acid has been considered to be more toxic than either melamine or cyanuric acid alone.The objective of this study was designed to evaluate the combined genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of melamine(M)and cyanuric acid(C)at three mass ratios(1:1,1:2,2:1).MC(1:1),MC(1:2),and MC(2:1)were evaluated for their potential genotoxic risk,at gene level by Ames test,and at chromosomal展开更多
Objective To characterize the pharmacokinetics and distribution profiles of deltamethrin in miniature pig tissues by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Methods Pharmacokinetics and distribution of deltamethr...Objective To characterize the pharmacokinetics and distribution profiles of deltamethrin in miniature pig tissues by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Methods Pharmacokinetics and distribution of deltamethrin in blood and tissues of 30 miniature pigs were studied by GC-MS after oral administration of deltamethrin(5 mg/kg bw). Data were processed by 3P97 software. Results The serum deltamethrin level was significantly lower in tissues than in blood of miniature pigs. The AUC0-72 h, Cmax, of deltamethrin were 555.330±316.987 ng h/mL and 17.861±11.129 ng/mL, respectively. The Tmax, of deltamethrin was 6.004±3.131 h. Conclusion The metabolism of deltamethrin in miniature pigs is fit for a one-compartment model with a weighting function of 1/C2. Deltamethrin is rapidly hydrolyzed and accumulated in miniature pig tissues.展开更多
Objective The present paper aims to investigate the effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) on tumorigenesis and its potential mechanism. Methods The potentials of TCDD and...Objective The present paper aims to investigate the effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) on tumorigenesis and its potential mechanism. Methods The potentials of TCDD and DEN in separation or in combination to induce malignant transformation were tested in Balb/c 3T3 cells by using a cell transformation assay method. The possible mechanism of observed effects was studied further by adding α-naphthoflavone (α-NF), a competitive binding agent of TCDD, to the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. The mRNA expressions of Cyp1a1 and Cyp2a5 gene in Balb/c 3T3 cells treated by DEN and TCDD in separation or in combination with or without presence of α-NF were measured with fluorescence quantification RT-PCR technique. Results The cell transformation frequency (TF) was significantly higher in case of induction with TCDD in combination with DEN, as compared to that with either TCDD or DEN alone. These effects were not inhibited via α-NF. The mRNA expression levels of both Cyp1a1 and Cyp2a5 were enhanced by TCDD treatment alone, but this inducible effect was blocked in cells treated by TCDD and DEN in combination. Conclusion TCDD and DEN had a significant synergistic effect on tumorigenesis when they were used in combination. AhR pathway may not be the key mechanism of this synergistic effect. Thus, it is necessary to further test the potential mechanism involved in cancer development.展开更多
Cadmium(Cd)is considered a toxic element of which food is the major source of acquisition,which can lead to diseases such as renal dysfunction,cancer and osteoporosis[1].Cd is classified as a group I carcinogen by the...Cadmium(Cd)is considered a toxic element of which food is the major source of acquisition,which can lead to diseases such as renal dysfunction,cancer and osteoporosis[1].Cd is classified as a group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer[2].The results of dietary exposure to cadmium in Europe in 2012 showed that the contribution rate from the broad food categories of grain and grain products accounted for 26.9%.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Resarch Program of China(2012CB20804)grant from Ministry of Health,PR China(200902009)
文摘Objective To assess the current status of the acrylamide in the Chinese food supply, the dietary acrylamide exposure in the Chinese population and to estimate the public health risks of the current consumption. Methods The acrylamide content in the total diet study (TDS) food samples was analyzed using an LC-MS/MS method. Based on the analytical results, the dietary exposure calculations were performed using a deterministic method, combining mean acrylamide concentrations from the food group composite with their associated food consumptions. Results Acrylamide was detected in 43.7% of all samples collected and acrylamide concentration varied from ND to 526.6 μg/kg. The estimated dietary intakes of acrylamide among Chinese general population given as the mean and the 95th percentile (P95) were 0.286 and 0.490 μg·kg-1 bw·day-1 , respectively. The margins of exposure (MOEs) for the population calculated using both benchmark dose lower confidence limit for a 10% extra risk of tumors in animals (BMDL10) 0.31 and 0.18 μg·kg-1 bw·day-1 , were 1069 and 621 for the mean dietary exposure, and 633 and 367 for the high dietary exposure respectively. Conclusion These MOE values might indicate a human health concern on acrylamide for Chinese population. Efforts should continue to reduce acrylamide levels in food in order to reduce the dietary risks to the human health.
基金funded by the National Nature Science of Foundation of China(No.81172675)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB720804)
文摘Objective To assess the net health effect caused by the consumption of specific marine species based on Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods(BRAFO)-tiered approach. Methods Twenty species were collected from the Zhoushan Archipelago, China. Concentrations of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl mercury(Me Hg), and dioxin-like compounds(DLCs) in the samples were analyzed for benefit risk assessment based on BRAFO-tiered approach. Results Based on the BRAFO-tiered approach, reference scenario(no intake) and alternative scenario(intake of specific species of 200 g/week) were determined. The exposure to Me Hg/DLCs via alternative scenario of all studied species did not exceed provisional tolerable weekly/monthly intake. However, the adult population with high DLCs exposure in China would significantly exceed the upper limit of DLCs via an additional alternative scenario of some species such as Auxis thazard. The results of deterministic computation showed that alternative scenario of all studied species generated clear net beneficial effects on death prevention and child IQ gain. Conclusion The alternative scenario of all studied species could be recommended to population with average DLCs exposure, and the reference scenario of species with relatively high DLCs concentration could be recommended to population exposed to high DLCs.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(No.21107104)the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.20837003)+1 种基金grants from the Ministry of Health(No.200902009)the National Science&Technology Pillar Program(No.2009BADB9B03-Z02)
文摘Objective To determine 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone(AMOZ) residues released from protein bound AMOZ in animal tissues.Methods Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were produced in this study.A rapid,sensitive,and specific competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(cdELISA) was developed.Results Rabbit polyclonal antibodies were used in the optimized cdELISA method,and exhibited negligible cross-reactivity with other compounds structurally related to AMOZ.The IC50of the polyclonal antibody was 0.16 ng/mL.The method limit of detection in four different types of animal and fish tissues was less than 0.06 μg/kg.Recoveries ranged from 80% to 120% for fortified samples with the coefficient of variation values less than 15%.The results of the cdELISA method were in good agreement with the results from an established liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmatory method used for AMOZ residues.Conclusion The cdELISA method developed in the present study is a convenient practical tool for screening large numbers of animal and fish tissue samples for the the detection of released protein bound AMOZ residues.
基金supported by a grant from the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB720804)the Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry of Health(NO.200902009)the Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau under Scientific and technological project(NO.201070934341)
文摘Melamine in combination with cyanuric acid has been considered to be more toxic than either melamine or cyanuric acid alone.The objective of this study was designed to evaluate the combined genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of melamine(M)and cyanuric acid(C)at three mass ratios(1:1,1:2,2:1).MC(1:1),MC(1:2),and MC(2:1)were evaluated for their potential genotoxic risk,at gene level by Ames test,and at chromosomal
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30700664 and No.2012CB720804
文摘Objective To characterize the pharmacokinetics and distribution profiles of deltamethrin in miniature pig tissues by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Methods Pharmacokinetics and distribution of deltamethrin in blood and tissues of 30 miniature pigs were studied by GC-MS after oral administration of deltamethrin(5 mg/kg bw). Data were processed by 3P97 software. Results The serum deltamethrin level was significantly lower in tissues than in blood of miniature pigs. The AUC0-72 h, Cmax, of deltamethrin were 555.330±316.987 ng h/mL and 17.861±11.129 ng/mL, respectively. The Tmax, of deltamethrin was 6.004±3.131 h. Conclusion The metabolism of deltamethrin in miniature pigs is fit for a one-compartment model with a weighting function of 1/C2. Deltamethrin is rapidly hydrolyzed and accumulated in miniature pig tissues.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program (No. 2006BAI19B03)the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 program No: 2012CB720804)
文摘Objective The present paper aims to investigate the effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) on tumorigenesis and its potential mechanism. Methods The potentials of TCDD and DEN in separation or in combination to induce malignant transformation were tested in Balb/c 3T3 cells by using a cell transformation assay method. The possible mechanism of observed effects was studied further by adding α-naphthoflavone (α-NF), a competitive binding agent of TCDD, to the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. The mRNA expressions of Cyp1a1 and Cyp2a5 gene in Balb/c 3T3 cells treated by DEN and TCDD in separation or in combination with or without presence of α-NF were measured with fluorescence quantification RT-PCR technique. Results The cell transformation frequency (TF) was significantly higher in case of induction with TCDD in combination with DEN, as compared to that with either TCDD or DEN alone. These effects were not inhibited via α-NF. The mRNA expression levels of both Cyp1a1 and Cyp2a5 were enhanced by TCDD treatment alone, but this inducible effect was blocked in cells treated by TCDD and DEN in combination. Conclusion TCDD and DEN had a significant synergistic effect on tumorigenesis when they were used in combination. AhR pathway may not be the key mechanism of this synergistic effect. Thus, it is necessary to further test the potential mechanism involved in cancer development.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Programme of China[2017YFC1600500]Grain Industry Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Projects[No.201513006-03].
文摘Cadmium(Cd)is considered a toxic element of which food is the major source of acquisition,which can lead to diseases such as renal dysfunction,cancer and osteoporosis[1].Cd is classified as a group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer[2].The results of dietary exposure to cadmium in Europe in 2012 showed that the contribution rate from the broad food categories of grain and grain products accounted for 26.9%.
