Urban underground pipelines are an important infrastructure in cities,and timely investigation of problems in underground pipelines can help ensure the normal operation of cities.Owing to the growing demand for defect...Urban underground pipelines are an important infrastructure in cities,and timely investigation of problems in underground pipelines can help ensure the normal operation of cities.Owing to the growing demand for defect detection in urban underground pipelines,this study developed an improved defect detection method for urban underground pipelines based on fully convolutional one-stage object detector(FCOS),called spatial pyramid pooling-fast(SPPF)feature fusion and dual detection heads based on FCOS(SDH-FCOS)model.This study improved the feature fusion component of the model network based on FCOS,introduced an SPPF network structure behind the last output feature layer of the backbone network,fused the local and global features,added a top-down path to accelerate the circulation of shallowinformation,and enriched the semantic information acquired by shallow features.The ability of the model to detect objects with multiple morphologies was strengthened by introducing dual detection heads.The experimental results using an open dataset of underground pipes show that the proposed SDH-FCOS model can recognize underground pipe defects more accurately;the average accuracy was improved by 2.7% compared with the original FCOS model,reducing the leakage rate to a large extent and achieving real-time detection.Also,our model achieved a good trade-off between accuracy and speed compared with other mainstream methods.This proved the effectiveness of the proposed model.展开更多
【目的】目前,越来越多的研究证明环状RNA(circRNA)在牛肌肉发育过程中扮演着重要的角色,但其分子调控机理尚未完善。通过挖掘与牛肌肉发育相关的circRNA的作用机制,为进一步阐明其调控牛肌肉发育的分子机制奠定基础。【方法】以前期分...【目的】目前,越来越多的研究证明环状RNA(circRNA)在牛肌肉发育过程中扮演着重要的角色,但其分子调控机理尚未完善。通过挖掘与牛肌肉发育相关的circRNA的作用机制,为进一步阐明其调控牛肌肉发育的分子机制奠定基础。【方法】以前期分析的增殖期(GM)与成肌分化期(DM)黄牛肌肉干细胞(MuSCs)的RNA-seq测序结果为基础,筛选出显著差异表达的circRNA,circCEP85L。采集新鲜黄牛胎牛的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、肌肉、肠和胃的组织样本,分离培养黄牛肌肉干细胞并诱导成肌分化,收集黄牛体外培养的GM与DM细胞,分别提取RNA并反转录为cDNA。通过实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real time PCR,qRT-PCR)检测circCEP85L在不同组织及不同细胞状态的表达规律。同时,设计特异性引物扩增circCEP85L全长,构建过表达载体p-circCEP85L,质粒转染MuSCs后收集过表达circCEP85L细胞样本。以过表达质粒pCD5-ciR细胞样本为对照,采用qRT-PCR、流式细胞术、Western Blot及免疫荧光等技术检测过表达circCEP85L对黄牛MuSCs增殖、凋亡及成肌分化的影响。【结果】PCR电泳结果证明circCEP85L环化位点真实存在。CircCEP85L在多种组织中表达,并在DM期的表达量显著高于GM期(P<0.001);为了进一步探究对circCEP85L黄牛MuSCs的影响。将过表达载体p-circCEP85L与对照载体pCD5-ciR转染体外培养的黄牛MuSCs,继续培养24 h之后,EdU结果表明过表达circCEP85L能显著降低EdU阳性细胞比例(P<0.001);流式周期检测结果表明,过表达circCEP85L增加了G0/G1期细胞比例,显著减少S期细胞比例(P<0.001);流式凋亡结果表明,过表达circCEP85L显著抑制MuSCs的凋亡率(P<0.05)。QRT-PCR及Western blot检测黄牛MuSCs增殖及凋亡相关基因的表达情况,结果表明过表达circCEP85L后显著降低了黄牛MuSCs增殖及凋亡相关基因的mRNA表达水平(P<0.001),凋亡蛋白BAX的表达量也显著降低(P<0.01)。此外,为了检测过表达circCEP85L对黄牛MuSCs成肌分化的影响,在转染24h后更换分化培养基诱导细胞分化,Western blot及免疫荧光结果显示过表达circCEP85L后显著促进分化标志基因MyH6的表达水平(P<0.001),细胞融合形成肌管的数量和大小均显著高于对照组。【结论】研究表明,circCEP85L通过抑制黄牛MuSCs增殖和凋亡、促进细胞成肌分化,从而影响黄牛骨骼肌的生长发育过程,为circRNA调控黄牛骨骼肌的生长发育机制研究奠定基础。展开更多
The lemon(Citrus limon;family Rutaceae)is one of the most important and popular fruits worldwide.Lemon also tolerates huan-glongbing(HLB)disease,which is a devastating citrus disease.Here we produced a gap-free and ha...The lemon(Citrus limon;family Rutaceae)is one of the most important and popular fruits worldwide.Lemon also tolerates huan-glongbing(HLB)disease,which is a devastating citrus disease.Here we produced a gap-free and haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly of the lemon by combining Pacific Biosciences circular consensus sequencing,Oxford Nanopore 50-kb ultra-long,and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture technologies.The assembly contained nine-pair chromosomes with a contig N50 of 35.6 Mb and zero gaps,while a total of 633.0 Mb genomic sequences were generated.The origination analysis identified 338.5Mb genomic sequences originating from citron(53.5%),147.4Mb frommandarin(23.3%),and 147.1Mb frompummelo(23.2%).The genome included 30528 protein-coding genes,and most of the assembled sequences were found to be repetitive sequences.Several significantly expanded gene families were associated with plant-pathogen interactions,plant hormone signal transduction,and the biosynthesis of major active components,such as terpenoids and f lavor compounds.Most HLB-tolerant genes were expanded in the lemon genome,such as 2-oxoglutarate(2OG)/Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase and constitutive disease resistance 1,cell wall-related genes,and lignin synthesis genes.Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that phloem regeneration and lower levels of phloem plugging are the elements that contribute to HLB tolerance in lemon.Our results provide insight into lemon genome evolution,active component biosynthesis,and genes associated with HLB tolerance.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61976226the Research and Academic Team of South-CentralMinzu University under Grant No.KTZ20050.
文摘Urban underground pipelines are an important infrastructure in cities,and timely investigation of problems in underground pipelines can help ensure the normal operation of cities.Owing to the growing demand for defect detection in urban underground pipelines,this study developed an improved defect detection method for urban underground pipelines based on fully convolutional one-stage object detector(FCOS),called spatial pyramid pooling-fast(SPPF)feature fusion and dual detection heads based on FCOS(SDH-FCOS)model.This study improved the feature fusion component of the model network based on FCOS,introduced an SPPF network structure behind the last output feature layer of the backbone network,fused the local and global features,added a top-down path to accelerate the circulation of shallowinformation,and enriched the semantic information acquired by shallow features.The ability of the model to detect objects with multiple morphologies was strengthened by introducing dual detection heads.The experimental results using an open dataset of underground pipes show that the proposed SDH-FCOS model can recognize underground pipe defects more accurately;the average accuracy was improved by 2.7% compared with the original FCOS model,reducing the leakage rate to a large extent and achieving real-time detection.Also,our model achieved a good trade-off between accuracy and speed compared with other mainstream methods.This proved the effectiveness of the proposed model.
文摘【目的】目前,越来越多的研究证明环状RNA(circRNA)在牛肌肉发育过程中扮演着重要的角色,但其分子调控机理尚未完善。通过挖掘与牛肌肉发育相关的circRNA的作用机制,为进一步阐明其调控牛肌肉发育的分子机制奠定基础。【方法】以前期分析的增殖期(GM)与成肌分化期(DM)黄牛肌肉干细胞(MuSCs)的RNA-seq测序结果为基础,筛选出显著差异表达的circRNA,circCEP85L。采集新鲜黄牛胎牛的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、肌肉、肠和胃的组织样本,分离培养黄牛肌肉干细胞并诱导成肌分化,收集黄牛体外培养的GM与DM细胞,分别提取RNA并反转录为cDNA。通过实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real time PCR,qRT-PCR)检测circCEP85L在不同组织及不同细胞状态的表达规律。同时,设计特异性引物扩增circCEP85L全长,构建过表达载体p-circCEP85L,质粒转染MuSCs后收集过表达circCEP85L细胞样本。以过表达质粒pCD5-ciR细胞样本为对照,采用qRT-PCR、流式细胞术、Western Blot及免疫荧光等技术检测过表达circCEP85L对黄牛MuSCs增殖、凋亡及成肌分化的影响。【结果】PCR电泳结果证明circCEP85L环化位点真实存在。CircCEP85L在多种组织中表达,并在DM期的表达量显著高于GM期(P<0.001);为了进一步探究对circCEP85L黄牛MuSCs的影响。将过表达载体p-circCEP85L与对照载体pCD5-ciR转染体外培养的黄牛MuSCs,继续培养24 h之后,EdU结果表明过表达circCEP85L能显著降低EdU阳性细胞比例(P<0.001);流式周期检测结果表明,过表达circCEP85L增加了G0/G1期细胞比例,显著减少S期细胞比例(P<0.001);流式凋亡结果表明,过表达circCEP85L显著抑制MuSCs的凋亡率(P<0.05)。QRT-PCR及Western blot检测黄牛MuSCs增殖及凋亡相关基因的表达情况,结果表明过表达circCEP85L后显著降低了黄牛MuSCs增殖及凋亡相关基因的mRNA表达水平(P<0.001),凋亡蛋白BAX的表达量也显著降低(P<0.01)。此外,为了检测过表达circCEP85L对黄牛MuSCs成肌分化的影响,在转染24h后更换分化培养基诱导细胞分化,Western blot及免疫荧光结果显示过表达circCEP85L后显著促进分化标志基因MyH6的表达水平(P<0.001),细胞融合形成肌管的数量和大小均显著高于对照组。【结论】研究表明,circCEP85L通过抑制黄牛MuSCs增殖和凋亡、促进细胞成肌分化,从而影响黄牛骨骼肌的生长发育过程,为circRNA调控黄牛骨骼肌的生长发育机制研究奠定基础。
基金supported by the Guangxi Major Project of Science and Technology(Guike AA18118027)the Postdoctoral Project of Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Program(B21Y10203)the Scientific Research and Development Fund of the College of Agriculture,Guangxi University(EE101731).
文摘The lemon(Citrus limon;family Rutaceae)is one of the most important and popular fruits worldwide.Lemon also tolerates huan-glongbing(HLB)disease,which is a devastating citrus disease.Here we produced a gap-free and haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly of the lemon by combining Pacific Biosciences circular consensus sequencing,Oxford Nanopore 50-kb ultra-long,and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture technologies.The assembly contained nine-pair chromosomes with a contig N50 of 35.6 Mb and zero gaps,while a total of 633.0 Mb genomic sequences were generated.The origination analysis identified 338.5Mb genomic sequences originating from citron(53.5%),147.4Mb frommandarin(23.3%),and 147.1Mb frompummelo(23.2%).The genome included 30528 protein-coding genes,and most of the assembled sequences were found to be repetitive sequences.Several significantly expanded gene families were associated with plant-pathogen interactions,plant hormone signal transduction,and the biosynthesis of major active components,such as terpenoids and f lavor compounds.Most HLB-tolerant genes were expanded in the lemon genome,such as 2-oxoglutarate(2OG)/Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase and constitutive disease resistance 1,cell wall-related genes,and lignin synthesis genes.Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that phloem regeneration and lower levels of phloem plugging are the elements that contribute to HLB tolerance in lemon.Our results provide insight into lemon genome evolution,active component biosynthesis,and genes associated with HLB tolerance.
