Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury is one of the most common types of sports injuries.People’s need to participate in sports and desire for a high quality of life promotes the continuous development of ACL reconst...Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury is one of the most common types of sports injuries.People’s need to participate in sports and desire for a high quality of life promotes the continuous development of ACL reconstruction technology.Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction has been recognized as an effective method for the treatment of ACL injuries.This review analyses and summarizes the advantages and limitations of each surgical procedure for arthroscopic ACL reconstruction reported in the relevant literature so as to promote the future development of more relevant techniques.展开更多
6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), an enzyme producing fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate (F-2, 6-BP), serves as a switch to activate phosphofructokinase-1, and is a critical enzyme for endotheli...6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), an enzyme producing fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate (F-2, 6-BP), serves as a switch to activate phosphofructokinase-1, and is a critical enzyme for endothelial glycolysis, mediating circadian control of carcinogenesis. Also, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the progression and prognosis of numerous cancers. However, the role and clinical significance of PFKFB3 and TAMs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not been elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the correlation between PFKFB3 expression, CD 163+ TAMs infiltration and tumor angiogenesis in OSCC by tissue microarray. Tissue microarrays containing 117 OSCC specimens and 56 matched paracarcinoma tissues were studied by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of PFKFB3, CD163 and CD31 were significantly increased in OSCC specimens as compared with normal oral mucosa (P<0.05), and PFKFB was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation and tumor size (P<0.05), and CD 163 was significantly correlated with areca nut chewing habit among OSCC tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that PFKFB3 was significantly correlated with both CD 163 and CD31 (P<0.05), meanwhile CD 163 was significantly correlated with CD31 (P<0.001), suggesting PFKFB3 may promote angiogenesis in tumor progression and metastases by regulating CD 163+ TAMs infiltration in OSCC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines play a vital role in the occurrence of osteoarticular injury and inflammation. Whether inflammation-associated factors interleukin-1β(IL- 1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)...BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines play a vital role in the occurrence of osteoarticular injury and inflammation. Whether inflammation-associated factors interleukin-1β(IL- 1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the pathogenesis of keen articular cartilage injury remains poorly understood. AIM To measure the levels of inflammatory factors [IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF] in patients with knee articular cartilage injury. METHODS Fifty-five patients with knee articular cartilage injury were selected as patient groups, who were divided into three grades [mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 19) and severe (n = 16)] according to disease severity and X-ray examinations. Meanwhile, 30 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Compared with the control group, patient groups displayed significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF, and the extent of increase was directly proportional to the severity of injury (P < 0.05). In addition, the number of cells with positive staining of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF in the synovial membrane were significantly increased, along with increased disease severity (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of visual analogue scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster University of Orthopaedic Index in patient groups were 2.26 ± 1.13 and 15.56 ± 7.12 points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those before treatment (6.98 ± 1.32 and 49.48 ± 8.96). Correlation analysis suggested that IL-1β and TNF-α were positively correlated with VEGF. CONCLUSION IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF levels are increased in patients with knee articular cartilage injury, and are associated with the disease severity, indicating they might play an important role in the occurrence and development of knee articular cartilage injury. Furthermore, therapeutically targeting them might be a novel approach for the treatment of keen articular cartilage injury.展开更多
Objective:To study the inhibition effect of miR-106 a inhibitor on tumor growth of ovarian cancer xenografts mice.Methods:BALB/c mice were selected as experimental animals,ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells transfected with ...Objective:To study the inhibition effect of miR-106 a inhibitor on tumor growth of ovarian cancer xenografts mice.Methods:BALB/c mice were selected as experimental animals,ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells transfected with miR-106 a inhibitor and its negative control were inoculated subcutaneously,intratumoral injection of miR-106 a inhibitor and its negative control were continued after tumor formation,and they were enrolled as treatment group and model group,respectively.Tumor volume and weight as well as Ki-67 and programmed cell death 4(PDCD4) expression were determined;miR-106 a inhibitor and its negative control as well as miR-106 a mimic and its negative control were transfected into SKOV-3 cells,and expression of PDCD4 in cells was determined.Results:Tumor tissue volume and weight as well as mR NA expression and protein expression of Ki-67 in treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group while m RNA expression and protein expression of PDCD4 were significantly higher than those in the model group;transfection of mi R-106 a mimic could decrease m RNA expression and protein expression of PDCD4 in SKOV-3 cells,and transfection of miR-106 a inhibitor could increase mR NA expression and protein expression of PDCD4 in SKOV-3 cells.Conclusions:Transfection of mi R-106 a inhibitor can inhibit the growth of tumor in ovarian cancer xenografts mice through increasing the expression of PDCD4.展开更多
Objective:To forecast the visceral leishmaniasis cases using autoregress integrated moving average(ARIMA)and hybrid ARIMAEGARCH model,which offers a scientific basis to control visceral leishmaniasis spread in Kashgar...Objective:To forecast the visceral leishmaniasis cases using autoregress integrated moving average(ARIMA)and hybrid ARIMAEGARCH model,which offers a scientific basis to control visceral leishmaniasis spread in Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang,China.Methods:The data used in this paper are monthly visceral leishmaniasis cases in the Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang from 2004 to 2016.The sample data between 2004 and 2015 were used for the estimation to choose the best model and the sample data in 2016 were used for the forecast.Time series of visceral leishmaniasis started on 1 January 2004 and ended on 31 December 2016,consisting of 1790 observations reported in Kashgar Prefecture.Results:For Xinjiang,the total number of reported cases were 2187,the male-to-female ratio of cases was 1:1.42.Patients aged between 0 and 10 years accounted for 82.72%of all reported cases and the largest percentage of visceral leishmaniasis cases was detected among scattered children who accounted for 68.82%.The monthly incidences fitted by ARIMA(2,1,2)(1,1,1)12 model were consistent with the real data collected from 2004 to 2015.However,the predicted cases failed to comply with the observed case number;we then attempted to establish a hybrid ARIMA-EGARCH model to fit visceral leishmaniasis.Finally,the ARIMA(2,1,2)(1,1,1)12-EGARCH(1,1)model showed a good estimation when dealing with volatility clustering in the data series.Conclusions:The combined model has been determined as the best prediction model with the root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 7.23%in the validation phase,which means that this model has high validity and rationality and can be used for short-term prediction of visceral leishmaniasis and could be applied to the prevention and control of the disease.展开更多
The use of the traditional American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)staging system alone has limitations in predicting the survival of gingiva squamous cell carcinoma(GSCC)patients.We aimed to establish a comprehensive...The use of the traditional American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)staging system alone has limitations in predicting the survival of gingiva squamous cell carcinoma(GSCC)patients.We aimed to establish a comprehensive prognostic nomogram with a prognostic value similar to the AJCC system.Methods:Patients were identified from SEER database.Variables were selected by a backward stepwise selection method in a Cox regression model.A nomogram was used to predict cancer-specific survival rates for 3,5 and 10 years in patients with GSCC.Several basic features of model validation were used to evaluate the performance of the survival model:consistency index(C-index),receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration chart,net weight classification improvement(NRI),comprehensive discriminant improvement(IDI)and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results:Multivariate analyses revealed that age,race,marital status,insurance,AJCC stage,pathology grade and surgery were risk factors for survival.In particular,the C-index,the area under the ROC curve(AUC)and the calibration plots showed good performance of the nomogram.Compared to the AJCC system,NRI and IDI showed that the nomogram has improved performance.Finally,the nomogram's 3-year and 5-year and 10-year DCA curves yield net benefits higher than traditional AJCC,whether training set or a validation set.Conclusion:We developed and validated the first GSCC prognosis nomogram,which has a better prognostic value than the separate AJCC staging system.Overall,the nomogram of this study is a valuable tool for clinical practice to consult patients and understand their risk for the next 3,5 and 10 years.展开更多
Complex equipment refers to special equipment that differs from general equipment.The collaborative development work of complex equipment in the military-civilian integration context involves numerous suppliers.We con...Complex equipment refers to special equipment that differs from general equipment.The collaborative development work of complex equipment in the military-civilian integration context involves numerous suppliers.We consider a two-tier supply network composed of different suppliers that participate in the development work to assemble complex equipment that cooperate with a main-manufacturer regarding spare parts.However,in terms of spare parts,a substitution relationship exists in assembly work for complex equipment.Hence,selecting a suitable supplier from the matching process between suppliers and spare parts under a military-civilian integration background is essential.This study considers three main analyses to obtain a suitable supplier for the development work of complex equipment.First,we construct a two-stage model to acquire the necessary evaluation dimension for subsequent processes.Second,we examine the evaluated attributes for the matching process based on entropy-group-DEMATEL analysis.Third,we perform information aggregation for the uncertain preference information between spare parts and suppliers using a Bonferroni mean operator.Finally,an illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the whole efficiency.Through the aforementioned analysis,we can select a suitable supplier that could participate in complex equipment military-civilian collaborative development work.展开更多
In this study, we examined the relationship between sex hormone levels and lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS） in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） who underwent transurethral surgery. The study was cond...In this study, we examined the relationship between sex hormone levels and lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS） in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） who underwent transurethral surgery. The study was conducted in 158 patients who came to our hospital for surgery. Clinical conditions were assessed by body mass index （BMI）, digital rectal examination, International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS） and transrectal ultrasound （TRUS）. The levels of sex hormones （including total testosterone （TT）, estradiol （E2）, progesterone （P）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and prolactin （PRL）） and prostate-specific antigen （PSA） were reviewed. Correlations were determined through statistical analysis. The mean age was 72.06 _＋ 8.68 years. The total IPSS was significantly associated with the TT level （r = -0.21, P = 0.01）. Other sex hormone levels were not correlated with total IPSS. However, some ratios such as E2/TT （r = 0.23, P = 0o00） and FSH/LH （r = -0.17, P = 0.04） were associated with total IPSS. Further analysis showed that the nocturia was associated with age （r = 0.16, P = 0.04）, BMI （r = 0.21, P = 0.01）, and TT （r = -0.19, P = 0.02）. Moreover, we divided the patients into two subgroups based on IPSS severity （〈20 or 〉20）. The mean TT level was in the normal range, but it was significantly related to the presence of severe LUTS. In summary, our study has shown that the severity of LUTS is associated with TT, EJTT and FSH/LH in men who underwent prostate surgery. Increasing nocturia was observed in lower testosterone patients. Additional larger studies are needed to elucidate the potential mechanisms.展开更多
High-entropy alloy layer up to 150 lm in thickness was formed on H13 substrate with a metallurgical bonding at the coating/substrate interface. Simple solid solution phases were formed in the coating layer with a typi...High-entropy alloy layer up to 150 lm in thickness was formed on H13 substrate with a metallurgical bonding at the coating/substrate interface. Simple solid solution phases were formed in the coating layer with a typical microstructure composed of both dendrite and interdendrite. The microstructure at the top of the cladding zone consists of equiaxed grains while that at the bottom consists of columnar grains. The coating layer exhibits great enhancement in microhardness and wear resistance compared with the H13 substrate.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONRotator cuffinjuries are common in all athletic. Of all rotator cuff injuries, the supraspinatus tendon involves mostly. Severe supraspinatus tendon injury may affect the patient＇s quality of life. Howeve...INTRODUCTIONRotator cuffinjuries are common in all athletic. Of all rotator cuff injuries, the supraspinatus tendon involves mostly. Severe supraspinatus tendon injury may affect the patient＇s quality of life. However, supraspinatus tendon injury can be relatively asymptomatic in some cases and may require sonographic examination for diagnosis, With continued improvement in shoulder arthroscopy, surgical treatment for supraspinatus tendon injury has become more effective and less invasive.展开更多
To evaluate the strength attenuation law of soft rock in the western mining area of China, we established an evolution model for the strength parameters of soft mudstone at the post-peak stage by employing a tri-linea...To evaluate the strength attenuation law of soft rock in the western mining area of China, we established an evolution model for the strength parameters of soft mudstone at the post-peak stage by employing a tri-linear strain softening model. In the model, a stiffness degradation coefficient co and a softening modulus coefficient a were introduced to take into account the stiff- ness degradation, and the subsequent yield surfaces at post-peak stage were all assumed to meet the Molar-Coulomb yield criterion. Furthermore, attenuation laws of stiffness and strength parameters of soft mudstone were analyzed according to an engineering case. Finally, the model＇s accuracy was verified by comparison of results from numerical calculation and tri-axial compression tests. Results showed that the attenuation of the friction angle was dominated mainly by the instantaneous stress states and damage features, while the attenuation law of cohesion was also related to the plastic behavior. The degradation rates of strength param- eters decreased with increasing confining pressure and the friction angle tended towards its initial value. Residual strengths were also enhanced with increasing confming pressure. The results indicate that the evolution model can accurately describe the strain softening behavior of soft rock.展开更多
Thin metal sheets are often located in the coupling paths of magnetic coupling energy transfer(MCET) systems. Eddy currents in the metals reduce the energy transfer efficiency and can even present safety risks. This p...Thin metal sheets are often located in the coupling paths of magnetic coupling energy transfer(MCET) systems. Eddy currents in the metals reduce the energy transfer efficiency and can even present safety risks. This paper describes the use of etched fractal patterns in the metals to suppress the eddy currents and improve the efficiency. Simulation and experimental results show that this approach is very effective. The fractal patterns should satisfy three features, namely, breaking the metal edge, etching in the high-intensity magnetic field region, and etching through the metal in the thickness direction. Different fractal patterns lead to different results. By altering the eddy current distribution, the fractal pattern slots reduce the eddy current losses when the metals show resistance effects and suppress the induced magnetic field in the metals when the metals show inductance effects. Fractal pattern slots in multilayer high conductivity metals(e.g., Cu) reduce the induced magnetic field intensity significantly. Furthermore, transfer power, transfer efficiency, receiving efficiency, and eddy current losses all increase with the increase of the number of etched layers. These results can benefit MCET by efficient energy transfer and safe use in metal shielded equipment.展开更多
Background:Rapid diagnostic tests(RDT)can effectively manage malaria cases and reduce excess costs brought by misdiagnosis.However,few studies have evaluated the economic value of this technology.The purpose of this s...Background:Rapid diagnostic tests(RDT)can effectively manage malaria cases and reduce excess costs brought by misdiagnosis.However,few studies have evaluated the economic value of this technology.The purpose of this study is to systematically review the economic value of RDT in malaria diagnosis.Main text:A detailed search strategy was developed to identify published economic evaluations that provide evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of malaria RDT.Electronic databases including MEDLINE,EMBASE,Biosis Previews,Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched from Jan 2007 to July 2018.Two researchers screened studies independently based on pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards(CHEERS)checklist was applied to evaluate the quality of the studies.Then cost and effectiveness data were extracted and summarized in a narrative way.Fifteen economic evaluations of RDT compared to other diagnostic methods were identified.The overall quality of studies varied greatly but most of them were scored to be of high or moderate quality.Ten of the fifteen studies reported that RDT was likely to be a cost-effective approach compared to its comparisons,but the results could be influenced by the alternatives,study perspectives,malaria prevalence,and the types of RDT.Conclusions:Based on available evidence,RDT had the potential to be more cost-effective than either microscopy or presumptive diagnosis.Further research is also required to draw a more robust conclusion.展开更多
Background It was recommended that malaria rapid diagnostic tests(RDTs)should be available in all epidemiological situations.But evidence was limited on the implementation of RDTs and its effectiveness in malaria elim...Background It was recommended that malaria rapid diagnostic tests(RDTs)should be available in all epidemiological situations.But evidence was limited on the implementation of RDTs and its effectiveness in malaria elimination settings.This study examined the implementation of RDTs and how it affected the diagnosis of imported malaria patients in Jiangsu Province,China.Methods To scale up RDTs,this study developed an intervention package with four major elements covering the supply of RDT test,the training on RDTs,the monitoring and management of RDT use,and the advocacy of RDTs.By using a pretest-posttest control group design,we implemented the interventions in 4 cities in Jiangsu Province with the rest nine cities as controlled areas,from January 2017 to January 2018.Difference-in-Difference approach was used to evaluate the impact of the scale-up of RDTs on the identification of malaria cases.Three binary outcome measures were included to indicate delayed malaria diagnosis,malaria cases with confirmed malaria diagnosis at township-level institutions,and severe malaria cases,respectively.Linear probability regression was performed with time and group fixed effects and the interaction term between time and group.Results Intervention areas received sufficient RDT test supply,regular professional training programs,monthly tracking and management of RDT supply and use,and health education to targeted population.The implementation of interventions was associated with 10.8%(P=0.021)fewer patients with delayed diagnosis.But intervention areas did not see a higher likelihood of having confirmed diagnosis from township-level institutions(coefficient=-0.038,P=0.185)or reduced severe malaria cases(coef.=0.040,P=0.592).Conclusions The comprehensive package of RDT implementation in this study is promising in scaling up RDT use and improving access to care among malaria patients,especially in malaria elimination settings.展开更多
A novel representation of a triangular mesh surface using a set of scale-invariant measures is proposed.The measures consist of angles of the triangles(triangle angles) and dihedral angles along the edges(edge angles)...A novel representation of a triangular mesh surface using a set of scale-invariant measures is proposed.The measures consist of angles of the triangles(triangle angles) and dihedral angles along the edges(edge angles)which are scale and rigidity independent. The vertex coordinates for a mesh give its scale-invariant measures, unique up to scale, rotation, and translation. Based on the representation of mesh using scale-invariant measures, a two-step iterative deformation algorithm is proposed, which can arbitrarily edit the mesh through simple handles interaction.The algorithm can explicitly preserve the local geometric details as much as possible in different scales even under severe editing operations including rotation, scaling, and shearing. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by examples.展开更多
文摘Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury is one of the most common types of sports injuries.People’s need to participate in sports and desire for a high quality of life promotes the continuous development of ACL reconstruction technology.Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction has been recognized as an effective method for the treatment of ACL injuries.This review analyses and summarizes the advantages and limitations of each surgical procedure for arthroscopic ACL reconstruction reported in the relevant literature so as to promote the future development of more relevant techniques.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81702708 and No.81873717).
文摘6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), an enzyme producing fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate (F-2, 6-BP), serves as a switch to activate phosphofructokinase-1, and is a critical enzyme for endothelial glycolysis, mediating circadian control of carcinogenesis. Also, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the progression and prognosis of numerous cancers. However, the role and clinical significance of PFKFB3 and TAMs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not been elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the correlation between PFKFB3 expression, CD 163+ TAMs infiltration and tumor angiogenesis in OSCC by tissue microarray. Tissue microarrays containing 117 OSCC specimens and 56 matched paracarcinoma tissues were studied by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of PFKFB3, CD163 and CD31 were significantly increased in OSCC specimens as compared with normal oral mucosa (P<0.05), and PFKFB was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation and tumor size (P<0.05), and CD 163 was significantly correlated with areca nut chewing habit among OSCC tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that PFKFB3 was significantly correlated with both CD 163 and CD31 (P<0.05), meanwhile CD 163 was significantly correlated with CD31 (P<0.001), suggesting PFKFB3 may promote angiogenesis in tumor progression and metastases by regulating CD 163+ TAMs infiltration in OSCC.
文摘BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines play a vital role in the occurrence of osteoarticular injury and inflammation. Whether inflammation-associated factors interleukin-1β(IL- 1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the pathogenesis of keen articular cartilage injury remains poorly understood. AIM To measure the levels of inflammatory factors [IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF] in patients with knee articular cartilage injury. METHODS Fifty-five patients with knee articular cartilage injury were selected as patient groups, who were divided into three grades [mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 19) and severe (n = 16)] according to disease severity and X-ray examinations. Meanwhile, 30 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Compared with the control group, patient groups displayed significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF, and the extent of increase was directly proportional to the severity of injury (P < 0.05). In addition, the number of cells with positive staining of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF in the synovial membrane were significantly increased, along with increased disease severity (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of visual analogue scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster University of Orthopaedic Index in patient groups were 2.26 ± 1.13 and 15.56 ± 7.12 points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those before treatment (6.98 ± 1.32 and 49.48 ± 8.96). Correlation analysis suggested that IL-1β and TNF-α were positively correlated with VEGF. CONCLUSION IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF levels are increased in patients with knee articular cartilage injury, and are associated with the disease severity, indicating they might play an important role in the occurrence and development of knee articular cartilage injury. Furthermore, therapeutically targeting them might be a novel approach for the treatment of keen articular cartilage injury.
基金supported by Science and Technology Program of Hebei Province in 2013 (No.132777163)
文摘Objective:To study the inhibition effect of miR-106 a inhibitor on tumor growth of ovarian cancer xenografts mice.Methods:BALB/c mice were selected as experimental animals,ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells transfected with miR-106 a inhibitor and its negative control were inoculated subcutaneously,intratumoral injection of miR-106 a inhibitor and its negative control were continued after tumor formation,and they were enrolled as treatment group and model group,respectively.Tumor volume and weight as well as Ki-67 and programmed cell death 4(PDCD4) expression were determined;miR-106 a inhibitor and its negative control as well as miR-106 a mimic and its negative control were transfected into SKOV-3 cells,and expression of PDCD4 in cells was determined.Results:Tumor tissue volume and weight as well as mR NA expression and protein expression of Ki-67 in treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group while m RNA expression and protein expression of PDCD4 were significantly higher than those in the model group;transfection of mi R-106 a mimic could decrease m RNA expression and protein expression of PDCD4 in SKOV-3 cells,and transfection of miR-106 a inhibitor could increase mR NA expression and protein expression of PDCD4 in SKOV-3 cells.Conclusions:Transfection of mi R-106 a inhibitor can inhibit the growth of tumor in ovarian cancer xenografts mice through increasing the expression of PDCD4.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11961071,61672013,and 81660333)Huaian Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention(HAP201704).
文摘Objective:To forecast the visceral leishmaniasis cases using autoregress integrated moving average(ARIMA)and hybrid ARIMAEGARCH model,which offers a scientific basis to control visceral leishmaniasis spread in Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang,China.Methods:The data used in this paper are monthly visceral leishmaniasis cases in the Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang from 2004 to 2016.The sample data between 2004 and 2015 were used for the estimation to choose the best model and the sample data in 2016 were used for the forecast.Time series of visceral leishmaniasis started on 1 January 2004 and ended on 31 December 2016,consisting of 1790 observations reported in Kashgar Prefecture.Results:For Xinjiang,the total number of reported cases were 2187,the male-to-female ratio of cases was 1:1.42.Patients aged between 0 and 10 years accounted for 82.72%of all reported cases and the largest percentage of visceral leishmaniasis cases was detected among scattered children who accounted for 68.82%.The monthly incidences fitted by ARIMA(2,1,2)(1,1,1)12 model were consistent with the real data collected from 2004 to 2015.However,the predicted cases failed to comply with the observed case number;we then attempted to establish a hybrid ARIMA-EGARCH model to fit visceral leishmaniasis.Finally,the ARIMA(2,1,2)(1,1,1)12-EGARCH(1,1)model showed a good estimation when dealing with volatility clustering in the data series.Conclusions:The combined model has been determined as the best prediction model with the root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 7.23%in the validation phase,which means that this model has high validity and rationality and can be used for short-term prediction of visceral leishmaniasis and could be applied to the prevention and control of the disease.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81702708)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2018JJ3862,No.2017JJ2392,and No.2019JJ50979)+1 种基金Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission(No.B20180054)Changsha Science and Technology Project(No.kq1706072).
文摘The use of the traditional American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)staging system alone has limitations in predicting the survival of gingiva squamous cell carcinoma(GSCC)patients.We aimed to establish a comprehensive prognostic nomogram with a prognostic value similar to the AJCC system.Methods:Patients were identified from SEER database.Variables were selected by a backward stepwise selection method in a Cox regression model.A nomogram was used to predict cancer-specific survival rates for 3,5 and 10 years in patients with GSCC.Several basic features of model validation were used to evaluate the performance of the survival model:consistency index(C-index),receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration chart,net weight classification improvement(NRI),comprehensive discriminant improvement(IDI)and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results:Multivariate analyses revealed that age,race,marital status,insurance,AJCC stage,pathology grade and surgery were risk factors for survival.In particular,the C-index,the area under the ROC curve(AUC)and the calibration plots showed good performance of the nomogram.Compared to the AJCC system,NRI and IDI showed that the nomogram has improved performance.Finally,the nomogram's 3-year and 5-year and 10-year DCA curves yield net benefits higher than traditional AJCC,whether training set or a validation set.Conclusion:We developed and validated the first GSCC prognosis nomogram,which has a better prognostic value than the separate AJCC staging system.Overall,the nomogram of this study is a valuable tool for clinical practice to consult patients and understand their risk for the next 3,5 and 10 years.
基金supported by the Philosophy in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Provincial Department of Education(No.2022AH050635,No.2023AH050041).
文摘Complex equipment refers to special equipment that differs from general equipment.The collaborative development work of complex equipment in the military-civilian integration context involves numerous suppliers.We consider a two-tier supply network composed of different suppliers that participate in the development work to assemble complex equipment that cooperate with a main-manufacturer regarding spare parts.However,in terms of spare parts,a substitution relationship exists in assembly work for complex equipment.Hence,selecting a suitable supplier from the matching process between suppliers and spare parts under a military-civilian integration background is essential.This study considers three main analyses to obtain a suitable supplier for the development work of complex equipment.First,we construct a two-stage model to acquire the necessary evaluation dimension for subsequent processes.Second,we examine the evaluated attributes for the matching process based on entropy-group-DEMATEL analysis.Third,we perform information aggregation for the uncertain preference information between spare parts and suppliers using a Bonferroni mean operator.Finally,an illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the whole efficiency.Through the aforementioned analysis,we can select a suitable supplier that could participate in complex equipment military-civilian collaborative development work.
文摘In this study, we examined the relationship between sex hormone levels and lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS） in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） who underwent transurethral surgery. The study was conducted in 158 patients who came to our hospital for surgery. Clinical conditions were assessed by body mass index （BMI）, digital rectal examination, International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS） and transrectal ultrasound （TRUS）. The levels of sex hormones （including total testosterone （TT）, estradiol （E2）, progesterone （P）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and prolactin （PRL）） and prostate-specific antigen （PSA） were reviewed. Correlations were determined through statistical analysis. The mean age was 72.06 _＋ 8.68 years. The total IPSS was significantly associated with the TT level （r = -0.21, P = 0.01）. Other sex hormone levels were not correlated with total IPSS. However, some ratios such as E2/TT （r = 0.23, P = 0o00） and FSH/LH （r = -0.17, P = 0.04） were associated with total IPSS. Further analysis showed that the nocturia was associated with age （r = 0.16, P = 0.04）, BMI （r = 0.21, P = 0.01）, and TT （r = -0.19, P = 0.02）. Moreover, we divided the patients into two subgroups based on IPSS severity （〈20 or 〉20）. The mean TT level was in the normal range, but it was significantly related to the presence of severe LUTS. In summary, our study has shown that the severity of LUTS is associated with TT, EJTT and FSH/LH in men who underwent prostate surgery. Increasing nocturia was observed in lower testosterone patients. Additional larger studies are needed to elucidate the potential mechanisms.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50401006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. N120409003)the University Students’ Innovation Plan of China (No. 130066)
文摘High-entropy alloy layer up to 150 lm in thickness was formed on H13 substrate with a metallurgical bonding at the coating/substrate interface. Simple solid solution phases were formed in the coating layer with a typical microstructure composed of both dendrite and interdendrite. The microstructure at the top of the cladding zone consists of equiaxed grains while that at the bottom consists of columnar grains. The coating layer exhibits great enhancement in microhardness and wear resistance compared with the H13 substrate.
文摘INTRODUCTIONRotator cuffinjuries are common in all athletic. Of all rotator cuff injuries, the supraspinatus tendon involves mostly. Severe supraspinatus tendon injury may affect the patient＇s quality of life. However, supraspinatus tendon injury can be relatively asymptomatic in some cases and may require sonographic examination for diagnosis, With continued improvement in shoulder arthroscopy, surgical treatment for supraspinatus tendon injury has become more effective and less invasive.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 51174128）, and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （No. 20123718110007）
文摘To evaluate the strength attenuation law of soft rock in the western mining area of China, we established an evolution model for the strength parameters of soft mudstone at the post-peak stage by employing a tri-linear strain softening model. In the model, a stiffness degradation coefficient co and a softening modulus coefficient a were introduced to take into account the stiff- ness degradation, and the subsequent yield surfaces at post-peak stage were all assumed to meet the Molar-Coulomb yield criterion. Furthermore, attenuation laws of stiffness and strength parameters of soft mudstone were analyzed according to an engineering case. Finally, the model＇s accuracy was verified by comparison of results from numerical calculation and tri-axial compression tests. Results showed that the attenuation of the friction angle was dominated mainly by the instantaneous stress states and damage features, while the attenuation law of cohesion was also related to the plastic behavior. The degradation rates of strength param- eters decreased with increasing confining pressure and the friction angle tended towards its initial value. Residual strengths were also enhanced with increasing confming pressure. The results indicate that the evolution model can accurately describe the strain softening behavior of soft rock.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51125028)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2011BAI12B07)
文摘Thin metal sheets are often located in the coupling paths of magnetic coupling energy transfer(MCET) systems. Eddy currents in the metals reduce the energy transfer efficiency and can even present safety risks. This paper describes the use of etched fractal patterns in the metals to suppress the eddy currents and improve the efficiency. Simulation and experimental results show that this approach is very effective. The fractal patterns should satisfy three features, namely, breaking the metal edge, etching in the high-intensity magnetic field region, and etching through the metal in the thickness direction. Different fractal patterns lead to different results. By altering the eddy current distribution, the fractal pattern slots reduce the eddy current losses when the metals show resistance effects and suppress the induced magnetic field in the metals when the metals show inductance effects. Fractal pattern slots in multilayer high conductivity metals(e.g., Cu) reduce the induced magnetic field intensity significantly. Furthermore, transfer power, transfer efficiency, receiving efficiency, and eddy current losses all increase with the increase of the number of etched layers. These results can benefit MCET by efficient energy transfer and safe use in metal shielded equipment.
基金This study supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20150001)the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BE2018020)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Project of Invigorating Health Care through Science,Technology and EducationThe funders had no role in the study design,data collection,analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Background:Rapid diagnostic tests(RDT)can effectively manage malaria cases and reduce excess costs brought by misdiagnosis.However,few studies have evaluated the economic value of this technology.The purpose of this study is to systematically review the economic value of RDT in malaria diagnosis.Main text:A detailed search strategy was developed to identify published economic evaluations that provide evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of malaria RDT.Electronic databases including MEDLINE,EMBASE,Biosis Previews,Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched from Jan 2007 to July 2018.Two researchers screened studies independently based on pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards(CHEERS)checklist was applied to evaluate the quality of the studies.Then cost and effectiveness data were extracted and summarized in a narrative way.Fifteen economic evaluations of RDT compared to other diagnostic methods were identified.The overall quality of studies varied greatly but most of them were scored to be of high or moderate quality.Ten of the fifteen studies reported that RDT was likely to be a cost-effective approach compared to its comparisons,but the results could be influenced by the alternatives,study perspectives,malaria prevalence,and the types of RDT.Conclusions:Based on available evidence,RDT had the potential to be more cost-effective than either microscopy or presumptive diagnosis.Further research is also required to draw a more robust conclusion.
文摘Background It was recommended that malaria rapid diagnostic tests(RDTs)should be available in all epidemiological situations.But evidence was limited on the implementation of RDTs and its effectiveness in malaria elimination settings.This study examined the implementation of RDTs and how it affected the diagnosis of imported malaria patients in Jiangsu Province,China.Methods To scale up RDTs,this study developed an intervention package with four major elements covering the supply of RDT test,the training on RDTs,the monitoring and management of RDT use,and the advocacy of RDTs.By using a pretest-posttest control group design,we implemented the interventions in 4 cities in Jiangsu Province with the rest nine cities as controlled areas,from January 2017 to January 2018.Difference-in-Difference approach was used to evaluate the impact of the scale-up of RDTs on the identification of malaria cases.Three binary outcome measures were included to indicate delayed malaria diagnosis,malaria cases with confirmed malaria diagnosis at township-level institutions,and severe malaria cases,respectively.Linear probability regression was performed with time and group fixed effects and the interaction term between time and group.Results Intervention areas received sufficient RDT test supply,regular professional training programs,monthly tracking and management of RDT supply and use,and health education to targeted population.The implementation of interventions was associated with 10.8%(P=0.021)fewer patients with delayed diagnosis.But intervention areas did not see a higher likelihood of having confirmed diagnosis from township-level institutions(coefficient=-0.038,P=0.185)or reduced severe malaria cases(coef.=0.040,P=0.592).Conclusions The comprehensive package of RDT implementation in this study is promising in scaling up RDT use and improving access to care among malaria patients,especially in malaria elimination settings.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61222206)the One Hundred Talent Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,China
文摘A novel representation of a triangular mesh surface using a set of scale-invariant measures is proposed.The measures consist of angles of the triangles(triangle angles) and dihedral angles along the edges(edge angles)which are scale and rigidity independent. The vertex coordinates for a mesh give its scale-invariant measures, unique up to scale, rotation, and translation. Based on the representation of mesh using scale-invariant measures, a two-step iterative deformation algorithm is proposed, which can arbitrarily edit the mesh through simple handles interaction.The algorithm can explicitly preserve the local geometric details as much as possible in different scales even under severe editing operations including rotation, scaling, and shearing. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by examples.
