Background: To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in rat models of heart failure, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture in heart failure tre...Background: To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in rat models of heart failure, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture in heart failure treatment. Methods: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three groups: Sham group, Model group, and electroacupuncture (Model + EA) group, with each group comprising 8 rats. The model underwent a procedure involving the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce a model of heart failure. The Model + EA group was used for 7 consecutive days for electroacupuncture of bilateral Shenmen (HT7) and Tongli (HT5), once a day for 30 min each time. Left ventricular parameters in rats were assessed using a small-animal ultrasound machine to analyze changes in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular fractional shortening. Serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cardiac troponin (cTn), and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor levels were measured using ELISA. Histopathological changes in rat myocardium were observed through HE staining, while collagen deposition in rat myocardial tissue was assessed using the Masson staining method. Picro sirius red staining, immunohistochemical staining, and RT-qPCR were utilized to distinguish between the various types of collagen deposition. The expression level of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4/7 mRNA in rat myocardial tissues was determined using RT-qPCR. Additionally, western blot analysis was conducted to assess the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3/7, and p-SMAD3 in rat myocardial tissues. Results: Compared with the Sham group, the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening values of the Model group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01);the left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular end-systolic volume values were remarkably increased (P < 0.01);serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor content was increased (P < 0.01);serum IL-1β and cTn levels were increased (P < 0.01);myocardial collagen volume fraction were increased (P < 0.01);and those of the expression of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4 mRNA was increased (P < 0.01);the expression of SMAD7 mRNA was decreased (P < 0.01);the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 were increased (P < 0.01);the protein expression level of SMAD7 was decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model group. Compared to the Model group, the expression levels of the proteins TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 in myocardial tissue were found to be decreased (P < 0.01), and the expression level of the protein SMAD7 was found to be increased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group;the collagen volume fraction and deposition of type Ⅰ /Ⅲ collagen were decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture alleviates myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure, and this effect is likely due to attributed to the modulation of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway, which helps reduce collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix.展开更多
AIM:To explore the relationship between ocular and systemic conditions and the impact of ocular complications on the quality of life(QOL)in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ALLO-HSCT)....AIM:To explore the relationship between ocular and systemic conditions and the impact of ocular complications on the quality of life(QOL)in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ALLO-HSCT).METHODS:Forty-four patients with severe hematopoietic disease were enrolled after ALLO-HSCT at our center from July 2018 to October 2020.They completed two questionnaires:the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)and the quality-of-life scale for Chinese patients with visual impairment(SQOL-DV1).Ocular conditions and systemic conditions were also assessed.RESULTS:Eye damage was correlated with total bilirubin(P=0.005),and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)(P=0.021).There was no significant correlation between the overall QOL score and OSDI(P=0.8226)or SQOLDV1(P=0.9526)scores.The OSDI and the overall QOL score were not correlated with ocular conditions,including best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure,Schirmer tear test II,sodium fluorescein staining,tear film breakup time,and tear meniscus height.SQOLDV1 was correlated with BCVA(P=0.0007),sodium fluorescein staining(P=0.007),and tear film breakup time(P=0.0146).CONCLUSION:In some patients,early ocular symptoms are not evident after ALLO-HSCT,while ocular surface complications can be observed after a comprehensive ophthalmological examination.Especially for those with elevated total bilirubin or GGT,regular ophthalmic follow-up visits are essential to diagnose and treat ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD),especially for patients with elevated total bilirubin or GGT.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of stromal interaction molecule 1（STIM1） knockdown on the proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs） after vascular injury and its mechanism.Methods:The r...Objective:To investigate the effect of stromal interaction molecule 1（STIM1） knockdown on the proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs） after vascular injury and its mechanism.Methods:The rat bone marrow derived EPCs were divided into three groups:adenovirus negative control（group NSC）,rat STIM1 adenovirus vector transfection group（group si/rSTIM1） and rat &human recombinant STIM1 adenovirus transfection group（group si/rSTlM1+hSTIM1）.The STIM1 expressions in each group were detected by reverse transcription PCR after transfection;the cell proliferation was tested by[<sup>3</sup>H]thymidine incorporation assay（<sup>3</sup>HTdR）;Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry;the cells’ migration activity was detected by Boyden assay;Calcium ion concentration was detected by using laser confocal method.Results:48 h later after transfection,the expression level of STIM1 in si/rSTIM1 cells was significantly lower than that in NSC group（0.21±0.12 vs 1.01±0.01,P【0.05）;EPCs that stayed in G<sub>1</sub> phase in si/rSTIM1 group[（93.3l±0.24）%]were significantly more than that in NSC group[（78.03±0.34）%,P【0.05];EPCs’ migration activity in si/rSTIM1 group（10.03±0.33） was significantly lower than that in NSC group:（32.11±0.54,P【0.05）;EPCs calcium ion concentration changes in EPCs in si/rSTIM1group（38.03±0.13） was significantly lower than that in NSC group（98.11±0.34,P【0.05）.While there was no significant difference between si/rSTIM1+hSTIM1 group and NSC group on the four indexes above.Conclusions:Silence of STIM1 attenuates EPCs proliferation and migration after vascular injury,by mediating the calcium ion concentration in EPCs.展开更多
Piezocatalytic activation of persulfate(PS) has great application potential in environmental remediation;however,the relationship between piezocatalyst thickness and catalytic activity is not clear,limiting the furthe...Piezocatalytic activation of persulfate(PS) has great application potential in environmental remediation;however,the relationship between piezocatalyst thickness and catalytic activity is not clear,limiting the further improvement of catalytic activity and application of the technology.Herein,the Bi_(2)Fe_(4)O_(9)(BFO) piezocatalysts with tunable thickness were prepared through a facile hydrothermal method by tuning the molar ratio of Bi(NO_(3)),5H_(2)O and FeCl_(3)·6H_(2)O for piezocatalytic activation of peroxydisulfate(PDS).The BFO with the smallest thickness exhibits excellent catalytic activity,and the SO_(4)^(·-)and ·OH are the major reactive oxygen species for degrading organic pollutants.Further XPS investigations and finite element analyses demonstrate that the decreased thickness of BFO not only exposes more Fe^(2+)sites for PDS activation,but also improve the piezoelectric effect to accelerate the regeneration of Fe^(2+),thus enabling an enhanced synergy effect between PDS activation and piezocatalysis for outstanding catalytic activity.This work provides an understanding of the relationship between thickness of piezocatalysts and its catalytic activity over PDS activation,facilitating the development of more efficient piezocatalysts and PS-based advanced oxidation processes.展开更多
Many aspects of the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction(LOME)aftermath and recovery have been puzzling due to heterogeneities in tempo and triggering mechanisms.Benthic fossil groups,which are the most severely affected b...Many aspects of the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction(LOME)aftermath and recovery have been puzzling due to heterogeneities in tempo and triggering mechanisms.Benthic fossil groups,which are the most severely affected by oxidative stress,offer the best opportunities for understanding both biological and ecological recovery after the LOME.In recent studies,deep-water sponge assemblages(which may have had high physiological tolerance to oxygen deviations)have been reported widely across South China in the immediate aftermath of the extinction interval.In order to further explore the lateral and temporal distributions of sponges,and ecological effects of benthic recovery during this critical interval,this study presents new Llandovery sponge assemblages recovered from two sections in Hunan Province,South China,accompanied by geochemical analyses.The sponge communities are preserved by pyritic spicule replacements and shows a relatively deep-water affinity(estimated around 60-150 m in depth)comparable to several previously reported assemblages in South China,and consistent with the observed graptolite ecology.Geochemical analysis of total organic carbon(TOC)and major and trace element composition in both sections show similar trends,indicating a shift in redox state of the bottom-water from persistent anoxia or intermittent euxinia in the earliest Rhuddanian,becoming oxygenated in the early Aeronian.Based on the present study and previous biological and geochemical data from South China,the distribution of early Silurian sponge assemblages in South China demonstrates a gradual expansion towards deeper regions when ocean redox conditions ameliorated.This study confirms the continuity of the end-Ordovician sponge faunas and taxa,both laterally across South China,and temporally through the early Silurian.The pioneering colonization of sponges in low-oxygen environments after the LOME may have set the stage for the subsequent recovery of other benthic organisms.展开更多
Developing highly active and stable Pt-based nanocatalysts towards the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)is still a challenge for the commercialization of direct ethanol fuel cells.Herein,SnO_(2) patched ultrathin PtRhM(...Developing highly active and stable Pt-based nanocatalysts towards the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)is still a challenge for the commercialization of direct ethanol fuel cells.Herein,SnO_(2) patched ultrathin PtRhM(M=Ni or Co)nano wires are synthesized by a facile two-step method.展开更多
Soybean cyst nematode （SCN; Heterodera glycines） Is one of the most Important pests affecting soybean production. The best method of control of SCN is through the development of resistant cultlvars. However, limited...Soybean cyst nematode （SCN; Heterodera glycines） Is one of the most Important pests affecting soybean production. The best method of control of SCN is through the development of resistant cultlvars. However, limited progress has been made in soybean breeding In China because most modern cultlvars have no resistance to SCN. The distribution and phenotype of 432 immune or highly resistant Chinese accessions were surveyed and a primary core collection was selected as a representative sample for further analyses. Using evenly distributed simple sequence repeat markers, five selection methods were applied to the primary core collection and the optimal method was chosen to establish a core collection, which consisted of 28 accessions. These encompassed 70.8% of the ailelic variation present in the overall resistant collection. The 28 accessions differed from the reference resistant accessions at the genomlc level, Indicating that Chinese resistant accessions are distinct from known resistant accessions. This applied core collection provides a rational framework for undertaking diversity surveys, using genetic variation for the investigation of complex traits and for the discovery of novel traits.展开更多
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused more than 96 million infections and over 2 million deaths worldwide so far.However,there is no approved vaccine available for severe acute respiratory synd...The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused more than 96 million infections and over 2 million deaths worldwide so far.However,there is no approved vaccine available for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the disease causative agent.Vaccine is the most effective approach to eradicate a pathogen.The tests of safety and efficacy in animals are pivotal for developing a vaccine and before the vaccine is applied to human populations.Here we evaluated the safety,immunogenicity,and efficacy of an inactivated vaccine based on the whole viral particles in human ACE2 transgenic mouse and in non-human primates.Our data showed that the inactivated vaccine successfully induced SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies in mice and non-human primates,and subsequently provided partial(in low dose)or full(in high dose)protection of challenge in the tested animals.In addition,passive serum transferred from vaccine-immunized mice could also provide full protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice.These results warranted positive outcomes in future clinical trials in humans.展开更多
Position-sensitive-detectors(PSDs)based on lateral photoeffect have been widely used in diverse applications1–9,including optical engineering,aerospace and military fields.With increasing demand in long distance,low ...Position-sensitive-detectors(PSDs)based on lateral photoeffect have been widely used in diverse applications1–9,including optical engineering,aerospace and military fields.With increasing demand in long distance,low energy consumption,and weak signal sensing systems,the poor responsivity of conventional PSDs has become a bottleneck limiting their applications,for example,silicon p–n or p–i–n junctions2–5,or other materials and architectures6–10.Herein,we present a high-performance graphene-based PSDs with revolutionary interfacial amplification mechanism.Signal amplification in the order of~10^(4) has been demonstrated by utilizing the ultrahigh mobility of graphene and long lifetime of photo-induced carriers at the interface of SiO_(2)/Si.This would improve the detection limit of Si-based PSDs fromμW to nW level,without sacrificing the spatial resolution and response speed.Such interfacial amplification mechanism is compatible with current Si technology and can be easily extended to other sensing systems11,12.展开更多
Combining metal to form metal phosphide is a promising strategy to address the fast capacity decay of P rooted from its low electronic conductivity and large volume changes upon cycling. Cu_(3)P, which possesses a hig...Combining metal to form metal phosphide is a promising strategy to address the fast capacity decay of P rooted from its low electronic conductivity and large volume changes upon cycling. Cu_(3)P, which possesses a high theoretical gravimetric and volumetric capacity of 363 m Ahág^(-1) and 1028 AháL^(-1) and reasonable volume expansion of 156% during sodiation, was investigated as anode material in SIBs. Hollow-structured Cu_(3)P electrode delivers an initial de-sodiation capacity of * 159.0 m Ahág^(-1) with high capacity retention of ~85.1% over 50 cycles at 0.2 C rate and exhibits good rate performance,retaining 70% of the capacity when the current density increases from 0.2 C to 1.6 C. A 3 V-class full cell consisting of P2-Na_(2/3) Ni_(1/3) Mn_(1/2) Ti_(1/6)O_(2) cathode and Cu_(3)P anode was also assembled, which could achieve an energy density of ~189.3 Whákg^(-1)(based on the mass of both electrode materials) and average discharge voltage of~2.91 V when cycled in 1.0-4.3 V at 0.1C.展开更多
The potential application of high-capacity Sn_(4)P_(3)anode for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)is hindered by the poor cycle stability mainly rooted from the huge volume changes upon cycling and low electronic conduc-ti...The potential application of high-capacity Sn_(4)P_(3)anode for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)is hindered by the poor cycle stability mainly rooted from the huge volume changes upon cycling and low electronic conduc-tivity.To address the above issues,sandwich-like struc-tured Sn_(4)P_(3)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)was designed and synthesized as anode material for PIBs.As a result,Sn_(4)P_(3)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)pre-sents superior cycle stability(retains a capacity of 103.2 mAh·g^(-1)even after 300 cycles at 1000 mA·g^(-1))and rate capability(delivers 60.7 mAh·g^(-1)at high current density of 2000 mA·g^(-1)).The excellent electrochemical perfor-mance of sandwich-like structured Sn_(4)P_(3)/Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx is orig-inated from the synergistic effect between Sn_(4)P_(3)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),where Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)acts as a conductive matrix to facilitate electron transfer and buffer the volume change of Sn_(4)P_(3)particles upon cycling,while Sn_(4)P_(3)serves as pillars to prevent the collapse and stacking of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)sheets.Moreover,significant capacitive contribution is demonstrated as a major contributor to the excellent rate capability.展开更多
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)channel plays an important role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes,and a comprehensive understanding of TRPV1 gating will create opportunities fo...Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)channel plays an important role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes,and a comprehensive understanding of TRPV1 gating will create opportunities for therapeutic intervention.Recent incredible advances in cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM)have yielded high-resolution structures of all TRPV subtypes(TRPV1-6)and all of them share highly conserved six transmembrane(TM)domains(S1-S6).As revealed by the open structures of TRPV1 in the presence of a bound vanilloid agonist(capsaicin or resiniferatoxin),TM helices S1 to S4 form a bundle that remains quiescent during channel activation,highlighting differences in the gating mechanism of TRPV1 and voltage-gated ion channels.Here,however,we argue that the structural dynamics rather than quiescence of S1-S4 domains is necessary for capsaicin-mediated activation of TRPV1.Using fluorescent unnatural amino acid(flUAA)incorporation and voltage-clamp fluorometry(VCF)analysis,we directly observed allostery of the S1-S4 bundle upon capsaicin binding.Covalent occupation of VCF-identified sites,single-channel recording,cell apoptosis analysis,and exploration of the role of PSFL828,a novel non-vanilloid agonist we identified,have collectively confirmed the essential role of this coordinated S1-S4 motility in capsaicin-mediated activation of TRPV1.This study concludes that,in contrast to cryo-EM structural studies,vanilloid agonists are also required for S1-S4 movement during TRPV1 activation.Redefining the gating process of vanilloid agonists and the discovery of new non-vanilloid agonists will allow the evaluation of new strategies aimed at the development of TRPV1 modulators.展开更多
Psoriasis is a common chronic recurrent inflammatory disease.Plaque psoriasis accounts for more than 90%of psoriasis patients.Currently,no therapies are curative.Biologics have greatly improved the clinical efficacy a...Psoriasis is a common chronic recurrent inflammatory disease.Plaque psoriasis accounts for more than 90%of psoriasis patients.Currently,no therapies are curative.Biologics have greatly improved the clinical efficacy and potentially provide a better long-term safety profile,with respect to toxicity to major organs,than conventional treatments;however,relapse after treatment withdrawal is still an important issue.Although maintenance treatment is recommended in most guidelines,treatment withdrawal occurs quite frequently in real-world clinical practice.Thus,the time to relapse is an important consideration when choosing among the different therapies.展开更多
To the Editor:Psoriasis is a chronic,recurrent,systemic,immune-mediated inflammatory disease that mainly affects the skin,nails,and joints.Plaque psoriasis is the most common type of psoriasis,accounting for more than...To the Editor:Psoriasis is a chronic,recurrent,systemic,immune-mediated inflammatory disease that mainly affects the skin,nails,and joints.Plaque psoriasis is the most common type of psoriasis,accounting for more than 80%to 90%of all cases.Secukinumab,a human IgG monoclonal antibody that antagonizes interleukin 17A(IL-17A),was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2015 to treat moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.A Chinese multicenter,double-blind,placebo-controlled phase III randomized clinical trial(RCT)demonstrated excellent efficacy and safety.[1]Secukinumab has been available on the Chinese market since May 2019,with a recommended dose of 300 mg.It is well-known that RCTs,due to their rigorous,normalized design schemes,cannot fully reflect what happens in clinical practice settings.The concept of the"efficacy-effectiveness gap"was also introduced,[2]which supports the importance of real-world study.Here,we retrospectively summarized all the inpatients with plaque psoriasis who were treated with secukinumab at Peking University Third Hospital from June to December 2019.General information(sex,age,weight,body mass index,etc.)and clinical features(disease duration,family history,comorbidities,laboratory tests,previous treatments,concomitant treatments,etc.)were collected from clinical records.The psoriasis area severity index(PASI),body surface area(BSA),dermatology life quality index(DLQI),psoriasis scalp severity index(PSSI),nail psoriasis severity index(NAPSI),and palmoplantar psoriasis area and severity index(ppPASI)were also recorded.展开更多
基金the China’s National Key Research and Development Program Projects(No.2022YFC3500500 and No.2022YFC3500502).
文摘Background: To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in rat models of heart failure, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture in heart failure treatment. Methods: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three groups: Sham group, Model group, and electroacupuncture (Model + EA) group, with each group comprising 8 rats. The model underwent a procedure involving the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce a model of heart failure. The Model + EA group was used for 7 consecutive days for electroacupuncture of bilateral Shenmen (HT7) and Tongli (HT5), once a day for 30 min each time. Left ventricular parameters in rats were assessed using a small-animal ultrasound machine to analyze changes in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular fractional shortening. Serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cardiac troponin (cTn), and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor levels were measured using ELISA. Histopathological changes in rat myocardium were observed through HE staining, while collagen deposition in rat myocardial tissue was assessed using the Masson staining method. Picro sirius red staining, immunohistochemical staining, and RT-qPCR were utilized to distinguish between the various types of collagen deposition. The expression level of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4/7 mRNA in rat myocardial tissues was determined using RT-qPCR. Additionally, western blot analysis was conducted to assess the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3/7, and p-SMAD3 in rat myocardial tissues. Results: Compared with the Sham group, the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening values of the Model group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01);the left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular end-systolic volume values were remarkably increased (P < 0.01);serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor content was increased (P < 0.01);serum IL-1β and cTn levels were increased (P < 0.01);myocardial collagen volume fraction were increased (P < 0.01);and those of the expression of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4 mRNA was increased (P < 0.01);the expression of SMAD7 mRNA was decreased (P < 0.01);the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 were increased (P < 0.01);the protein expression level of SMAD7 was decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model group. Compared to the Model group, the expression levels of the proteins TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 in myocardial tissue were found to be decreased (P < 0.01), and the expression level of the protein SMAD7 was found to be increased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group;the collagen volume fraction and deposition of type Ⅰ /Ⅲ collagen were decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture alleviates myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure, and this effect is likely due to attributed to the modulation of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway, which helps reduce collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2019A1515011212)Beijing Bethune Charitable Foundation(No.BJ-GY2021014J)。
文摘AIM:To explore the relationship between ocular and systemic conditions and the impact of ocular complications on the quality of life(QOL)in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ALLO-HSCT).METHODS:Forty-four patients with severe hematopoietic disease were enrolled after ALLO-HSCT at our center from July 2018 to October 2020.They completed two questionnaires:the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)and the quality-of-life scale for Chinese patients with visual impairment(SQOL-DV1).Ocular conditions and systemic conditions were also assessed.RESULTS:Eye damage was correlated with total bilirubin(P=0.005),and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)(P=0.021).There was no significant correlation between the overall QOL score and OSDI(P=0.8226)or SQOLDV1(P=0.9526)scores.The OSDI and the overall QOL score were not correlated with ocular conditions,including best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure,Schirmer tear test II,sodium fluorescein staining,tear film breakup time,and tear meniscus height.SQOLDV1 was correlated with BCVA(P=0.0007),sodium fluorescein staining(P=0.007),and tear film breakup time(P=0.0146).CONCLUSION:In some patients,early ocular symptoms are not evident after ALLO-HSCT,while ocular surface complications can be observed after a comprehensive ophthalmological examination.Especially for those with elevated total bilirubin or GGT,regular ophthalmic follow-up visits are essential to diagnose and treat ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD),especially for patients with elevated total bilirubin or GGT.
基金supported by Project of National Health and Family Planning Commission in Pudong New Area of Shanghai(PW2013A-35)Special Industrial Project of National Health and Family Planning Commission in Pudong New Area of Shanghai(PW2013E-2)Key Project of Health Bureau of Shanghai(20124022)
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of stromal interaction molecule 1（STIM1） knockdown on the proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs） after vascular injury and its mechanism.Methods:The rat bone marrow derived EPCs were divided into three groups:adenovirus negative control（group NSC）,rat STIM1 adenovirus vector transfection group（group si/rSTIM1） and rat &human recombinant STIM1 adenovirus transfection group（group si/rSTlM1+hSTIM1）.The STIM1 expressions in each group were detected by reverse transcription PCR after transfection;the cell proliferation was tested by[<sup>3</sup>H]thymidine incorporation assay（<sup>3</sup>HTdR）;Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry;the cells’ migration activity was detected by Boyden assay;Calcium ion concentration was detected by using laser confocal method.Results:48 h later after transfection,the expression level of STIM1 in si/rSTIM1 cells was significantly lower than that in NSC group（0.21±0.12 vs 1.01±0.01,P【0.05）;EPCs that stayed in G<sub>1</sub> phase in si/rSTIM1 group[（93.3l±0.24）%]were significantly more than that in NSC group[（78.03±0.34）%,P【0.05];EPCs’ migration activity in si/rSTIM1 group（10.03±0.33） was significantly lower than that in NSC group:（32.11±0.54,P【0.05）;EPCs calcium ion concentration changes in EPCs in si/rSTIM1group（38.03±0.13） was significantly lower than that in NSC group（98.11±0.34,P【0.05）.While there was no significant difference between si/rSTIM1+hSTIM1 group and NSC group on the four indexes above.Conclusions:Silence of STIM1 attenuates EPCs proliferation and migration after vascular injury,by mediating the calcium ion concentration in EPCs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52170155 and 52100084)。
文摘Piezocatalytic activation of persulfate(PS) has great application potential in environmental remediation;however,the relationship between piezocatalyst thickness and catalytic activity is not clear,limiting the further improvement of catalytic activity and application of the technology.Herein,the Bi_(2)Fe_(4)O_(9)(BFO) piezocatalysts with tunable thickness were prepared through a facile hydrothermal method by tuning the molar ratio of Bi(NO_(3)),5H_(2)O and FeCl_(3)·6H_(2)O for piezocatalytic activation of peroxydisulfate(PDS).The BFO with the smallest thickness exhibits excellent catalytic activity,and the SO_(4)^(·-)and ·OH are the major reactive oxygen species for degrading organic pollutants.Further XPS investigations and finite element analyses demonstrate that the decreased thickness of BFO not only exposes more Fe^(2+)sites for PDS activation,but also improve the piezoelectric effect to accelerate the regeneration of Fe^(2+),thus enabling an enhanced synergy effect between PDS activation and piezocatalysis for outstanding catalytic activity.This work provides an understanding of the relationship between thickness of piezocatalysts and its catalytic activity over PDS activation,facilitating the development of more efficient piezocatalysts and PS-based advanced oxidation processes.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41772001 and41872151)supported by the State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy(Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,CAS)(No.213120)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2023JJ20063 and No.2021JJ30816)。
文摘Many aspects of the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction(LOME)aftermath and recovery have been puzzling due to heterogeneities in tempo and triggering mechanisms.Benthic fossil groups,which are the most severely affected by oxidative stress,offer the best opportunities for understanding both biological and ecological recovery after the LOME.In recent studies,deep-water sponge assemblages(which may have had high physiological tolerance to oxygen deviations)have been reported widely across South China in the immediate aftermath of the extinction interval.In order to further explore the lateral and temporal distributions of sponges,and ecological effects of benthic recovery during this critical interval,this study presents new Llandovery sponge assemblages recovered from two sections in Hunan Province,South China,accompanied by geochemical analyses.The sponge communities are preserved by pyritic spicule replacements and shows a relatively deep-water affinity(estimated around 60-150 m in depth)comparable to several previously reported assemblages in South China,and consistent with the observed graptolite ecology.Geochemical analysis of total organic carbon(TOC)and major and trace element composition in both sections show similar trends,indicating a shift in redox state of the bottom-water from persistent anoxia or intermittent euxinia in the earliest Rhuddanian,becoming oxygenated in the early Aeronian.Based on the present study and previous biological and geochemical data from South China,the distribution of early Silurian sponge assemblages in South China demonstrates a gradual expansion towards deeper regions when ocean redox conditions ameliorated.This study confirms the continuity of the end-Ordovician sponge faunas and taxa,both laterally across South China,and temporally through the early Silurian.The pioneering colonization of sponges in low-oxygen environments after the LOME may have set the stage for the subsequent recovery of other benthic organisms.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51772142 and22106121)Guangdong Science and Technology Department (No.2016ZT06C279)。
文摘Developing highly active and stable Pt-based nanocatalysts towards the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)is still a challenge for the commercialization of direct ethanol fuel cells.Herein,SnO_(2) patched ultrathin PtRhM(M=Ni or Co)nano wires are synthesized by a facile two-step method.
基金Supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China(2004CB117203)National Key Technologies R & D Program in the 10th Five-Year Plan(2004BA525B06)the Hi-Tech Research and Development (863) Proaram of China(2003AA207060)
文摘Soybean cyst nematode （SCN; Heterodera glycines） Is one of the most Important pests affecting soybean production. The best method of control of SCN is through the development of resistant cultlvars. However, limited progress has been made in soybean breeding In China because most modern cultlvars have no resistance to SCN. The distribution and phenotype of 432 immune or highly resistant Chinese accessions were surveyed and a primary core collection was selected as a representative sample for further analyses. Using evenly distributed simple sequence repeat markers, five selection methods were applied to the primary core collection and the optimal method was chosen to establish a core collection, which consisted of 28 accessions. These encompassed 70.8% of the ailelic variation present in the overall resistant collection. The 28 accessions differed from the reference resistant accessions at the genomlc level, Indicating that Chinese resistant accessions are distinct from known resistant accessions. This applied core collection provides a rational framework for undertaking diversity surveys, using genetic variation for the investigation of complex traits and for the discovery of novel traits.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC0842000 to Z.M.Yuan and 2020YFC0842100 to C.Shan)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB29010101 to Z.L.Shi)+1 种基金the China Natural Science Foundation(82041013 to P.Zhou)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(2019328 to X.L.Yang)。
文摘The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused more than 96 million infections and over 2 million deaths worldwide so far.However,there is no approved vaccine available for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the disease causative agent.Vaccine is the most effective approach to eradicate a pathogen.The tests of safety and efficacy in animals are pivotal for developing a vaccine and before the vaccine is applied to human populations.Here we evaluated the safety,immunogenicity,and efficacy of an inactivated vaccine based on the whole viral particles in human ACE2 transgenic mouse and in non-human primates.Our data showed that the inactivated vaccine successfully induced SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies in mice and non-human primates,and subsequently provided partial(in low dose)or full(in high dose)protection of challenge in the tested animals.In addition,passive serum transferred from vaccine-immunized mice could also provide full protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice.These results warranted positive outcomes in future clinical trials in humans.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0205700)NSFC(61774034,61422503 and 61376104)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and Research and Innovation Project for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province No.KYLX15_0111.
文摘Position-sensitive-detectors(PSDs)based on lateral photoeffect have been widely used in diverse applications1–9,including optical engineering,aerospace and military fields.With increasing demand in long distance,low energy consumption,and weak signal sensing systems,the poor responsivity of conventional PSDs has become a bottleneck limiting their applications,for example,silicon p–n or p–i–n junctions2–5,or other materials and architectures6–10.Herein,we present a high-performance graphene-based PSDs with revolutionary interfacial amplification mechanism.Signal amplification in the order of~10^(4) has been demonstrated by utilizing the ultrahigh mobility of graphene and long lifetime of photo-induced carriers at the interface of SiO_(2)/Si.This would improve the detection limit of Si-based PSDs fromμW to nW level,without sacrificing the spatial resolution and response speed.Such interfacial amplification mechanism is compatible with current Si technology and can be easily extended to other sensing systems11,12.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51678182)the Start-up Grant for Shenzhen Oversea High-Level Talents。
文摘Combining metal to form metal phosphide is a promising strategy to address the fast capacity decay of P rooted from its low electronic conductivity and large volume changes upon cycling. Cu_(3)P, which possesses a high theoretical gravimetric and volumetric capacity of 363 m Ahág^(-1) and 1028 AháL^(-1) and reasonable volume expansion of 156% during sodiation, was investigated as anode material in SIBs. Hollow-structured Cu_(3)P electrode delivers an initial de-sodiation capacity of * 159.0 m Ahág^(-1) with high capacity retention of ~85.1% over 50 cycles at 0.2 C rate and exhibits good rate performance,retaining 70% of the capacity when the current density increases from 0.2 C to 1.6 C. A 3 V-class full cell consisting of P2-Na_(2/3) Ni_(1/3) Mn_(1/2) Ti_(1/6)O_(2) cathode and Cu_(3)P anode was also assembled, which could achieve an energy density of ~189.3 Whákg^(-1)(based on the mass of both electrode materials) and average discharge voltage of~2.91 V when cycled in 1.0-4.3 V at 0.1C.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52100084)Shenzhen Natural Science Fund (No. GXWD2020123015542700320200824094017001)
文摘The potential application of high-capacity Sn_(4)P_(3)anode for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)is hindered by the poor cycle stability mainly rooted from the huge volume changes upon cycling and low electronic conduc-tivity.To address the above issues,sandwich-like struc-tured Sn_(4)P_(3)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)was designed and synthesized as anode material for PIBs.As a result,Sn_(4)P_(3)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)pre-sents superior cycle stability(retains a capacity of 103.2 mAh·g^(-1)even after 300 cycles at 1000 mA·g^(-1))and rate capability(delivers 60.7 mAh·g^(-1)at high current density of 2000 mA·g^(-1)).The excellent electrochemical perfor-mance of sandwich-like structured Sn_(4)P_(3)/Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx is orig-inated from the synergistic effect between Sn_(4)P_(3)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),where Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)acts as a conductive matrix to facilitate electron transfer and buffer the volume change of Sn_(4)P_(3)particles upon cycling,while Sn_(4)P_(3)serves as pillars to prevent the collapse and stacking of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)sheets.Moreover,significant capacitive contribution is demonstrated as a major contributor to the excellent rate capability.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20202002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81603409,31900808,81902480,21977021,31570832,31971146,and 31971042)+4 种基金Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Program of Jiangsu ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource(2019XK2002)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2018JJ1012)Hunan“Huxiang”High-level Talent Program(2021)“Xing Yao”Leading Scholars of China Pharmaceutical University(2021)。
文摘Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)channel plays an important role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes,and a comprehensive understanding of TRPV1 gating will create opportunities for therapeutic intervention.Recent incredible advances in cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM)have yielded high-resolution structures of all TRPV subtypes(TRPV1-6)and all of them share highly conserved six transmembrane(TM)domains(S1-S6).As revealed by the open structures of TRPV1 in the presence of a bound vanilloid agonist(capsaicin or resiniferatoxin),TM helices S1 to S4 form a bundle that remains quiescent during channel activation,highlighting differences in the gating mechanism of TRPV1 and voltage-gated ion channels.Here,however,we argue that the structural dynamics rather than quiescence of S1-S4 domains is necessary for capsaicin-mediated activation of TRPV1.Using fluorescent unnatural amino acid(flUAA)incorporation and voltage-clamp fluorometry(VCF)analysis,we directly observed allostery of the S1-S4 bundle upon capsaicin binding.Covalent occupation of VCF-identified sites,single-channel recording,cell apoptosis analysis,and exploration of the role of PSFL828,a novel non-vanilloid agonist we identified,have collectively confirmed the essential role of this coordinated S1-S4 motility in capsaicin-mediated activation of TRPV1.This study concludes that,in contrast to cryo-EM structural studies,vanilloid agonists are also required for S1-S4 movement during TRPV1 activation.Redefining the gating process of vanilloid agonists and the discovery of new non-vanilloid agonists will allow the evaluation of new strategies aimed at the development of TRPV1 modulators.
基金the 2019 Grant of Milstein Medical Asian American Partnership Foundation.
文摘Psoriasis is a common chronic recurrent inflammatory disease.Plaque psoriasis accounts for more than 90%of psoriasis patients.Currently,no therapies are curative.Biologics have greatly improved the clinical efficacy and potentially provide a better long-term safety profile,with respect to toxicity to major organs,than conventional treatments;however,relapse after treatment withdrawal is still an important issue.Although maintenance treatment is recommended in most guidelines,treatment withdrawal occurs quite frequently in real-world clinical practice.Thus,the time to relapse is an important consideration when choosing among the different therapies.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81972560)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.7202231)。
文摘To the Editor:Psoriasis is a chronic,recurrent,systemic,immune-mediated inflammatory disease that mainly affects the skin,nails,and joints.Plaque psoriasis is the most common type of psoriasis,accounting for more than 80%to 90%of all cases.Secukinumab,a human IgG monoclonal antibody that antagonizes interleukin 17A(IL-17A),was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2015 to treat moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.A Chinese multicenter,double-blind,placebo-controlled phase III randomized clinical trial(RCT)demonstrated excellent efficacy and safety.[1]Secukinumab has been available on the Chinese market since May 2019,with a recommended dose of 300 mg.It is well-known that RCTs,due to their rigorous,normalized design schemes,cannot fully reflect what happens in clinical practice settings.The concept of the"efficacy-effectiveness gap"was also introduced,[2]which supports the importance of real-world study.Here,we retrospectively summarized all the inpatients with plaque psoriasis who were treated with secukinumab at Peking University Third Hospital from June to December 2019.General information(sex,age,weight,body mass index,etc.)and clinical features(disease duration,family history,comorbidities,laboratory tests,previous treatments,concomitant treatments,etc.)were collected from clinical records.The psoriasis area severity index(PASI),body surface area(BSA),dermatology life quality index(DLQI),psoriasis scalp severity index(PSSI),nail psoriasis severity index(NAPSI),and palmoplantar psoriasis area and severity index(ppPASI)were also recorded.
