We study the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions(i-DMI)of Fe/Pt bilayers grown on Si substrates with MgO,SiO_(2),or Ta each as a buffer layer on the basis of wave-vector-resolved Brillouin light scattering(...We study the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions(i-DMI)of Fe/Pt bilayers grown on Si substrates with MgO,SiO_(2),or Ta each as a buffer layer on the basis of wave-vector-resolved Brillouin light scattering(BLS)measurement.The obtained i-DMI energy values for Fe/Pt on MgO,Ta,and SiO_(2) buffer layers are 0.359,0.321,and 0.274 mJ/m~2,respectively.The large i-DMI value observed in Fe/Pt system on the MgO buffer layer can be attributed to the good interfacial quality and the Rshaba effect at the MgO/Fe interface.Moreover,the MgO/Fe/Pt system,benefiting from better sample quality,exhibits a lower damping factor.Furthermore,layer-resolved first-principles calculations are carried out to gain a more in-depth understanding of the origin of the i-DMI in the Fe/Pt system.The results indicate that in the Fe(110)/Pt(111)system,the substantial DMI energy between Fe spins at the interface is related to a significant change in spin-orbit coupling(SOC)energy in the neighboring Pt layer.In contrast,for the MgO(002)/Fe(002)system,both the DMI and its related SOC energy are concentrated at the interfacial Fe layer.Our investigation will provide a valuable insight into the spintronic community in exploring novel devices with chirality dependence.展开更多
Olfactory bulb tissue transplantation inhibits P2X2/3 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain. However, the olfactory bulb has a complex cellular composition, and the mechanism underlying the action of purified transplante...Olfactory bulb tissue transplantation inhibits P2X2/3 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain. However, the olfactory bulb has a complex cellular composition, and the mechanism underlying the action of purified transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells(OECs) remains unclear. In the present study, we microencapsulated OECs in alginic acid, and transplanted free and microencapsulated OECs into the region surrounding the injured sciatic nerve in rat models of chronic constriction injury. We assessed mechanical nociception in the rat models 7 and 14 days after surgery by measuring paw withdrawal threshold, and examined P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia using immunohistochemistry. Rats that received free and microencapsulated OEC transplants showed greater withdrawal thresholds than untreated model rats, and weaker P2X2/3 receptor immunoreactivity in dorsal root ganglia. At 14 days, paw withdrawal threshold was much higher in the microencapsulated OEC-treated animals. Our results confirm that microencapsulated OEC transplantation suppresses P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia in rat models of neuropathic pain and reduces allodynia, and also suggest that transplantation of microencapsulated OECs is more effective than transplantation of free OECs for the treatment of neuropathic pain.展开更多
A new frequency dependent finite difference time domain (FD FDTD) method using digital signal processing (DSP) is proposed. The dispersive media is characterized as an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter, directly ...A new frequency dependent finite difference time domain (FD FDTD) method using digital signal processing (DSP) is proposed. The dispersive media is characterized as an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter, directly leading to FDTD equations. The representation of a dispersive medium is therefore converted to a problem of digital IIR design. It is shown that the numerical results are consistent with analytic solution.展开更多
The synchronization of the spin Hall nano-oscillator(SHNO)device driven by the pure spin current has been investigated with micromagnetic simulations.It was found that the power spectra of nanowire-based SHNO devices ...The synchronization of the spin Hall nano-oscillator(SHNO)device driven by the pure spin current has been investigated with micromagnetic simulations.It was found that the power spectra of nanowire-based SHNO devices can be synchronized by varying the current flowing in the heavy metal(HM)layer.The synchronized signals have relatively high power and narrow linewidth,favoring the potential applications.We also found that the synchronized spectra are strongly dependent on both the number and length of nanowires.Moreover,a periodic modulation of power spectra can be obtained by introducing interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(iDMI).Our findings could enrich the current understanding of spin dynamics driven by the pure spin current.Further,it could help to design novel spintronic devices.展开更多
BACKGROUND Renal involvement in lymphoma is commonly associated with widespread nodal or extranodal lymphoma.Primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare extranodal lymphoma,accounting for fewer th...BACKGROUND Renal involvement in lymphoma is commonly associated with widespread nodal or extranodal lymphoma.Primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare extranodal lymphoma,accounting for fewer than 1%of all renal masses.Interestingly,the patient in this study had a renal vein tumor thrombus that was observed after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient with primary renal lymphoma and a renal vein tumor thrombus whose first symptom was right pain in the back and gross hematuria.Histopathology revealed primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.The patient received 8 standard cycles of rituximab with cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine,and prednisone chemotherapy after surgery,and no obvious signs of recurrence were observed during the one-year follow-up.CONCLUSION We evaluated comprehensive treatment of primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and multidisciplinary management of this malignancy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma.The development of immunotherapy greatly improves the patient prognosis but there are some exceptions.Thus,screening for better biomarker...BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma.The development of immunotherapy greatly improves the patient prognosis but there are some exceptions.Thus,screening for better biomarkers for prognostic evaluation could contribute to the treatment of DLBCL patients.AIM To screen the novel mediators involved in the development of DLBCL.METHODS The GSE60 dataset was applied to identify the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in DLBCL,and the principal components analysis plot was used to determine the quality of the included samples.The protein-protein interactions were analyzed by the STRING tool.The key hub genes were entered into to the GEPIA database to determine their expressions in DLBCL.Furthermore,these hub gene alterations were analyzed in cBioportal.The UALCAN portal was employed to analyze the expression of the hub genes in different stages of DLBCL.The Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data Score was conducted to evaluate the correlation between the gene expression and tumor purity.The gene-gene correlation analysis was conducted in the GEPIA.The stromal score analysis was conducted in TIMER to confirm the correlation between the gene expression and infiltrated stromal cells.The correlation between the indicated genes and infiltration level of cancerassociated fibroblasts(CAFs)was also completed in TIMER with two methods,MCP-Counter and Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion.The correlation between fibronectin(FN1)protein level and secreted protein acidic and cysteinerich(SPARC)messenger ribonucleic acid expression was confirmed in the cBioportal.RESULTS The top 20 DEGs in DLBCL were identified,and the principal components analysis plot confirmed the quality of the significant DEGs.The pairwise correlation coefficient analysis among all samples showed that these DEGs have a certain co-expression pattern.The DEGs were subjected to STRING to identify the hub genes,alpha-2-macroglobulin(A2M),cathepsin B(CTSB),FN1,matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP9),and SPARC.The five hub genes were confirmed to be overexpressed in DLBCL.The cBioportal portal detected these five hub genes that had gene alteration,including messenger ribonucleic acid high amplification and missense mutation,and the gene alteration percentages of A2M,FN1,CTSB,MMP9,and SPARC were 5%,8%,5%,2.7%,and 5%,respectively.Furthermore,the five hub genes had a potential positive correlation with tumor stage.The correlation analysis between the five genes and tumor purity confirmed that the five genes were overexpressed in DLBCL and had a positive correlation with the development of DLBCL.More interestingly,the five genes had a significant correlation with the stromal infiltration scores.The correlation analysis between the fives genes and CAFs also showed a significant value,among which the top two genes,FN1 and SPARC,had a remarkable co-expression pattern.CONCLUSION The top DEGs were identified,and the five hub genes were overexpressed in DLBCL.Furthermore,the gene alterations were confirmed and the positive correlation with tumor purity revealed the overexpression of the five genes and close association with the development of DLBCL.More interestingly,the five genes were positively correlated with stromal infiltration,especially in CAFs.The top two genes,FN1 and SPARC,showed a co-expression pattern,which indicates their potential as novel therapeutic targets for DLBCL.展开更多
Male infertility caused by idiopathic oligoasthenospermia(OAT)is known as idiopathic male infertility.Glutathione S-transferase(GST)and fluoride may play important roles in idiopathic male infertility,but their effect...Male infertility caused by idiopathic oligoasthenospermia(OAT)is known as idiopathic male infertility.Glutathione S-transferase(GST)and fluoride may play important roles in idiopathic male infertility,but their effects are still unknown.Our study examined the relationship between GST polymorphisms and fluoride-induced toxicity in idiopathic male infertility and determined the underlying mechanism.Sperm,blood,and urine samples were collected from 560 males.Fluoride levels were measured by a highly selective electrode method,and GST genotypes were identified using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Semen parameters,DNA fragmentation index(DFI),mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and oxidative stress(OS)biomarkers were statistically assessed at the P<0.05 level.Compared with healthy fertile group,semen parameters,fluoride levels,OS biomarkers,sex hormone levels,and MMP and DFI levels were lower in the idiopathic male infertility group.For glutathione S-transferase M1(GSTM1[-])and glutathione S-transferase T1(GSTT1[-])or glutathione S-transferase P1(GSTP1)mutant genotypes,levels of semen fluoride,OS,MMP,and DFI were considerably higher,and the mean levels of sperm parameters and testosterone were statistically significant in GSTM1(+),GSTT1(+),and GSTP1 wild-type genotypes.Both semen and blood fluoride levels were associated with oxidative stress in idiopathic male infertility patients.Elevated fluoride in semen with the genotypes listed above was linked to reproductive quality in idiopathic male infertility patients.In conclusion,GST polymorphisms and fluorine may have an indicative relationship between reproductive quality and sex hormone levels,and OS participates in the development of idiopathic male infertility.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has yet to be proven to alter male reproductive function,particularly in the majority of mild/asymptomatic patients.The purpose of this study was to explore whether mild/asymptomatic ...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has yet to be proven to alter male reproductive function,particularly in the majority of mild/asymptomatic patients.The purpose of this study was to explore whether mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 affects semen quality and sex-related hormone levels.To find suitable comparative studies,a systematic review and meta-analysis was done up to January 22,2022,by using multiple databases(Web of Science,PubMed,and Embase).Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines were used to identify and choose the studies.Meta-analysis was used to examine the semen parameters and sex-related hormones of mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 patients before and after infection.The effects of semen collection time,fever,and intensity of verification on semen following infection were also investigated.A total of 13 studies(n=770)were included in the analysis,including three case-control studies,six pre-post studies,and four single-arm studies.A meta-analysis of five pre-post studies showed that after infection with COVID-19,sperm concentration(I^(2)=0;P=0.003),total sperm count(I^(2)=46.3%;P=0.043),progressive motility(I^(2)=50.0%;P<0.001),total sperm motility(I^(2)=76.1%;P=0.047),and normal sperm morphology(I^(2)=0;P=0.001)decreased.Simultaneously,a systematic review of 13 studies found a significant relationship between semen collection time after infection,inflammation severity,and semen parameter values,with fever having only bearing on semen concentration.Furthermore,there was no significant difference in sex-related hormone levels before and after infection in mild/asymptomatic patients.Mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 infection had a significant effect on semen quality in the short term.It is recommended to avoid initiating a pregnancy during this period of time.展开更多
Background:The ongoing new coronavirus pneumonia(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)outbreak is spreading in China,but it has not yet reached its peak.Five million people emigrated from Wuhan before lockdown,potential...Background:The ongoing new coronavirus pneumonia(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)outbreak is spreading in China,but it has not yet reached its peak.Five million people emigrated from Wuhan before lockdown,potentially representing a source of virus infection.Determining case distribution and its correlation with population emigration from Wuhan in the early stage of the epidemic is of great importance for early warning and for the prevention of future outbreaks.Methods:The official case report on the COVID-19 epidemic was collected as of January 30,2020.Time and location information on COVID-19 cases was extracted and analyzed using ArcGIS and WinBUGS software.Data on population migration from Wuhan city and Hubei province were extracted from Baidu Qianxi,and their correlation with the number of cases was analyzed.Results:The COVID-19 confirmed and death cases in Hubei province accounted for 59.91%(5806/9692)and 95.77%(204/213)of the total cases in China,respectively.Hot spot provinces included Sichuan and Yunnan,which are adjacent to Hubei.The time risk of Hubei province on the following day was 1.960 times that on the previous day.The number of cases in some cities was relatively low,but the time risk appeared to be continuously rising.The correlation coefficient between the provincial number of cases and emigration from Wuhan was up to 0.943.The lockdown of 17 cities in Hubei province and the implementation of nationwide control measures efficiently prevented an exponential growth in the number of cases.Conclusions:The population that emigrated from Wuhan was the main infection source in other cities and provinces.Some cities with a low number of cases showed a rapid increase in case load.Owing to the upcoming Spring Festival return wave,understanding the risk trends in different regions is crucial to ensure preparedness at both the individual and organization levels and to prevent new outbreaks.展开更多
Emerging infectious diseases represent a serious threat for human public health worldwide.[1,2]The 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)caused a pneumonia outbreak,which is spreading around the country and has affected 32...Emerging infectious diseases represent a serious threat for human public health worldwide.[1,2]The 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)caused a pneumonia outbreak,which is spreading around the country and has affected 32 provinces and regions of China as of January 27,2020.[3,4]Countries outside China,including Japan,the United States,Thailand,and South Korea,have also reported cases imported from other countries.[5]With the joint efforts of Chinese scientists,health workers,and related departments,the pathogen causing this epidemic was quickly identified as a new type of coronavirus,10 days after the first official report.After confirming the pathogen,specific detection methods were rapidly developed,with improvement in etiological diagnosis.As of January 22,2020,it has been confirmed that the new coronavirus came from wild bats and belonged to group 2b of the beta coronavirus,which includes severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus(SARS-CoV).[6]Although 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV belong to the same sub-group of beta coronaviruses,the similarity at the genome level is only 80%,[7,8]meaning that the new virus is genetically different from SARS-CoV[Supplementary Figure 1A,http://links.lww.com/CM9/A209].Rapid discovery of the causative agent and development of diagnostic reagents demonstrated that technology has greatly improved in the 17 years since the SARS outbreak.However,no effective anti-viral medication or vaccines are available for this new virus,and many of its aspects remain to be explored.Similar to the SARS outbreak,this outbreak also occurred during the spring festival,the most important of the Chinese traditional festivals,when 3 billion people travel throughout the country.[9]This unexpectedly provides beneficial conditions for the transmission of this highly infectious disease and correspondingly poses great challenges for the prevention and control of the outbreak.展开更多
To the Editor: Letrozole, a third-generation aromatase inhibitor (AI), is a relatively newer class of endocrine agents used in hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer[1] Vascular thrombotic events, such as acute myoca...To the Editor: Letrozole, a third-generation aromatase inhibitor (AI), is a relatively newer class of endocrine agents used in hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer[1] Vascular thrombotic events, such as acute myocardial infarction and acute cerebral infarction, in patients with breast cancer after initiation of letrozole therapy have been documented in the literature.[2,3] However, the impact of this adjuvant endocrine therapy on increasing the risk of developing vascular thrombotic events has been a controversial issue.Here, we report a rare case of a woman with breast cancer developing unilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion after letrozole treatment.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos.12074220,12304151,12204355,and 12204356)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (Grant No.ZR2022QA085)。
文摘We study the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions(i-DMI)of Fe/Pt bilayers grown on Si substrates with MgO,SiO_(2),or Ta each as a buffer layer on the basis of wave-vector-resolved Brillouin light scattering(BLS)measurement.The obtained i-DMI energy values for Fe/Pt on MgO,Ta,and SiO_(2) buffer layers are 0.359,0.321,and 0.274 mJ/m~2,respectively.The large i-DMI value observed in Fe/Pt system on the MgO buffer layer can be attributed to the good interfacial quality and the Rshaba effect at the MgO/Fe interface.Moreover,the MgO/Fe/Pt system,benefiting from better sample quality,exhibits a lower damping factor.Furthermore,layer-resolved first-principles calculations are carried out to gain a more in-depth understanding of the origin of the i-DMI in the Fe/Pt system.The results indicate that in the Fe(110)/Pt(111)system,the substantial DMI energy between Fe spins at the interface is related to a significant change in spin-orbit coupling(SOC)energy in the neighboring Pt layer.In contrast,for the MgO(002)/Fe(002)system,both the DMI and its related SOC energy are concentrated at the interfacial Fe layer.Our investigation will provide a valuable insight into the spintronic community in exploring novel devices with chirality dependence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81260190the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China,No.20132BAB205023+1 种基金a grant from the Science and Technology Research Program of Department of Education of Jiangxi Province in China,No.GJJ13159a grant from the Science and Technology Program of Department of Health of Jiangxi Province,No.20132019
文摘Olfactory bulb tissue transplantation inhibits P2X2/3 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain. However, the olfactory bulb has a complex cellular composition, and the mechanism underlying the action of purified transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells(OECs) remains unclear. In the present study, we microencapsulated OECs in alginic acid, and transplanted free and microencapsulated OECs into the region surrounding the injured sciatic nerve in rat models of chronic constriction injury. We assessed mechanical nociception in the rat models 7 and 14 days after surgery by measuring paw withdrawal threshold, and examined P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia using immunohistochemistry. Rats that received free and microencapsulated OEC transplants showed greater withdrawal thresholds than untreated model rats, and weaker P2X2/3 receptor immunoreactivity in dorsal root ganglia. At 14 days, paw withdrawal threshold was much higher in the microencapsulated OEC-treated animals. Our results confirm that microencapsulated OEC transplantation suppresses P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia in rat models of neuropathic pain and reduces allodynia, and also suggest that transplantation of microencapsulated OECs is more effective than transplantation of free OECs for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China!( 6 9771 0 1 0 )
文摘A new frequency dependent finite difference time domain (FD FDTD) method using digital signal processing (DSP) is proposed. The dispersive media is characterized as an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter, directly leading to FDTD equations. The representation of a dispersive medium is therefore converted to a problem of digital IIR design. It is shown that the numerical results are consistent with analytic solution.
基金the National Basic Research Program of Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074220,and 11627805)the 111 Project(Grant No.B13029)。
文摘The synchronization of the spin Hall nano-oscillator(SHNO)device driven by the pure spin current has been investigated with micromagnetic simulations.It was found that the power spectra of nanowire-based SHNO devices can be synchronized by varying the current flowing in the heavy metal(HM)layer.The synchronized signals have relatively high power and narrow linewidth,favoring the potential applications.We also found that the synchronized spectra are strongly dependent on both the number and length of nanowires.Moreover,a periodic modulation of power spectra can be obtained by introducing interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(iDMI).Our findings could enrich the current understanding of spin dynamics driven by the pure spin current.Further,it could help to design novel spintronic devices.
基金Supported by Foundation of Health Commission of Guizhou Province of China,No.gzwkj2021-211.
文摘BACKGROUND Renal involvement in lymphoma is commonly associated with widespread nodal or extranodal lymphoma.Primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare extranodal lymphoma,accounting for fewer than 1%of all renal masses.Interestingly,the patient in this study had a renal vein tumor thrombus that was observed after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient with primary renal lymphoma and a renal vein tumor thrombus whose first symptom was right pain in the back and gross hematuria.Histopathology revealed primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.The patient received 8 standard cycles of rituximab with cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine,and prednisone chemotherapy after surgery,and no obvious signs of recurrence were observed during the one-year follow-up.CONCLUSION We evaluated comprehensive treatment of primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and multidisciplinary management of this malignancy.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0793.
文摘BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma.The development of immunotherapy greatly improves the patient prognosis but there are some exceptions.Thus,screening for better biomarkers for prognostic evaluation could contribute to the treatment of DLBCL patients.AIM To screen the novel mediators involved in the development of DLBCL.METHODS The GSE60 dataset was applied to identify the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in DLBCL,and the principal components analysis plot was used to determine the quality of the included samples.The protein-protein interactions were analyzed by the STRING tool.The key hub genes were entered into to the GEPIA database to determine their expressions in DLBCL.Furthermore,these hub gene alterations were analyzed in cBioportal.The UALCAN portal was employed to analyze the expression of the hub genes in different stages of DLBCL.The Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data Score was conducted to evaluate the correlation between the gene expression and tumor purity.The gene-gene correlation analysis was conducted in the GEPIA.The stromal score analysis was conducted in TIMER to confirm the correlation between the gene expression and infiltrated stromal cells.The correlation between the indicated genes and infiltration level of cancerassociated fibroblasts(CAFs)was also completed in TIMER with two methods,MCP-Counter and Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion.The correlation between fibronectin(FN1)protein level and secreted protein acidic and cysteinerich(SPARC)messenger ribonucleic acid expression was confirmed in the cBioportal.RESULTS The top 20 DEGs in DLBCL were identified,and the principal components analysis plot confirmed the quality of the significant DEGs.The pairwise correlation coefficient analysis among all samples showed that these DEGs have a certain co-expression pattern.The DEGs were subjected to STRING to identify the hub genes,alpha-2-macroglobulin(A2M),cathepsin B(CTSB),FN1,matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP9),and SPARC.The five hub genes were confirmed to be overexpressed in DLBCL.The cBioportal portal detected these five hub genes that had gene alteration,including messenger ribonucleic acid high amplification and missense mutation,and the gene alteration percentages of A2M,FN1,CTSB,MMP9,and SPARC were 5%,8%,5%,2.7%,and 5%,respectively.Furthermore,the five hub genes had a potential positive correlation with tumor stage.The correlation analysis between the five genes and tumor purity confirmed that the five genes were overexpressed in DLBCL and had a positive correlation with the development of DLBCL.More interestingly,the five genes had a significant correlation with the stromal infiltration scores.The correlation analysis between the fives genes and CAFs also showed a significant value,among which the top two genes,FN1 and SPARC,had a remarkable co-expression pattern.CONCLUSION The top DEGs were identified,and the five hub genes were overexpressed in DLBCL.Furthermore,the gene alterations were confirmed and the positive correlation with tumor purity revealed the overexpression of the five genes and close association with the development of DLBCL.More interestingly,the five genes were positively correlated with stromal infiltration,especially in CAFs.The top two genes,FN1 and SPARC,showed a co-expression pattern,which indicates their potential as novel therapeutic targets for DLBCL.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81660263)and the Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Health Commission(No.gzwkj2021-211).
文摘Male infertility caused by idiopathic oligoasthenospermia(OAT)is known as idiopathic male infertility.Glutathione S-transferase(GST)and fluoride may play important roles in idiopathic male infertility,but their effects are still unknown.Our study examined the relationship between GST polymorphisms and fluoride-induced toxicity in idiopathic male infertility and determined the underlying mechanism.Sperm,blood,and urine samples were collected from 560 males.Fluoride levels were measured by a highly selective electrode method,and GST genotypes were identified using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Semen parameters,DNA fragmentation index(DFI),mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and oxidative stress(OS)biomarkers were statistically assessed at the P<0.05 level.Compared with healthy fertile group,semen parameters,fluoride levels,OS biomarkers,sex hormone levels,and MMP and DFI levels were lower in the idiopathic male infertility group.For glutathione S-transferase M1(GSTM1[-])and glutathione S-transferase T1(GSTT1[-])or glutathione S-transferase P1(GSTP1)mutant genotypes,levels of semen fluoride,OS,MMP,and DFI were considerably higher,and the mean levels of sperm parameters and testosterone were statistically significant in GSTM1(+),GSTT1(+),and GSTP1 wild-type genotypes.Both semen and blood fluoride levels were associated with oxidative stress in idiopathic male infertility patients.Elevated fluoride in semen with the genotypes listed above was linked to reproductive quality in idiopathic male infertility patients.In conclusion,GST polymorphisms and fluorine may have an indicative relationship between reproductive quality and sex hormone levels,and OS participates in the development of idiopathic male infertility.
基金This study was supported by the Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Health Commission(gzwkj2021-211).
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has yet to be proven to alter male reproductive function,particularly in the majority of mild/asymptomatic patients.The purpose of this study was to explore whether mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 affects semen quality and sex-related hormone levels.To find suitable comparative studies,a systematic review and meta-analysis was done up to January 22,2022,by using multiple databases(Web of Science,PubMed,and Embase).Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines were used to identify and choose the studies.Meta-analysis was used to examine the semen parameters and sex-related hormones of mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 patients before and after infection.The effects of semen collection time,fever,and intensity of verification on semen following infection were also investigated.A total of 13 studies(n=770)were included in the analysis,including three case-control studies,six pre-post studies,and four single-arm studies.A meta-analysis of five pre-post studies showed that after infection with COVID-19,sperm concentration(I^(2)=0;P=0.003),total sperm count(I^(2)=46.3%;P=0.043),progressive motility(I^(2)=50.0%;P<0.001),total sperm motility(I^(2)=76.1%;P=0.047),and normal sperm morphology(I^(2)=0;P=0.001)decreased.Simultaneously,a systematic review of 13 studies found a significant relationship between semen collection time after infection,inflammation severity,and semen parameter values,with fever having only bearing on semen concentration.Furthermore,there was no significant difference in sex-related hormone levels before and after infection in mild/asymptomatic patients.Mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 infection had a significant effect on semen quality in the short term.It is recommended to avoid initiating a pregnancy during this period of time.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2018ZX10101002-001-001)National Key Research and Development Program Projects of China(No.2017YFD0500305)+3 种基金the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.U1808202)NSFC International(regional)cooperation and exchange program(No.31961143024)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong province(No.2018B020241002)the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Project(No.2018B020207013)。
文摘Background:The ongoing new coronavirus pneumonia(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)outbreak is spreading in China,but it has not yet reached its peak.Five million people emigrated from Wuhan before lockdown,potentially representing a source of virus infection.Determining case distribution and its correlation with population emigration from Wuhan in the early stage of the epidemic is of great importance for early warning and for the prevention of future outbreaks.Methods:The official case report on the COVID-19 epidemic was collected as of January 30,2020.Time and location information on COVID-19 cases was extracted and analyzed using ArcGIS and WinBUGS software.Data on population migration from Wuhan city and Hubei province were extracted from Baidu Qianxi,and their correlation with the number of cases was analyzed.Results:The COVID-19 confirmed and death cases in Hubei province accounted for 59.91%(5806/9692)and 95.77%(204/213)of the total cases in China,respectively.Hot spot provinces included Sichuan and Yunnan,which are adjacent to Hubei.The time risk of Hubei province on the following day was 1.960 times that on the previous day.The number of cases in some cities was relatively low,but the time risk appeared to be continuously rising.The correlation coefficient between the provincial number of cases and emigration from Wuhan was up to 0.943.The lockdown of 17 cities in Hubei province and the implementation of nationwide control measures efficiently prevented an exponential growth in the number of cases.Conclusions:The population that emigrated from Wuhan was the main infection source in other cities and provinces.Some cities with a low number of cases showed a rapid increase in case load.Owing to the upcoming Spring Festival return wave,understanding the risk trends in different regions is crucial to ensure preparedness at both the individual and organization levels and to prevent new outbreaks.
基金Project supported by the Public Service Sectors Agriculture Research Projects of Ministry of Agriculture of China(No.201403051-07)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31502025)the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(No.2015DY003)
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program Projects of China(No.2017YFD0500305)the National Key Program for Infectious Disease of China+3 种基金The authors thank the collaborators who participated in the original investigations during the 2002 to 2003 SARS outbreak.(No.2018ZX10101002-002)the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.U1808202)Guangdong Province Key Area R&D Plan Project(No.2018B020241002)the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Project(No.2018B020207013)。
文摘Emerging infectious diseases represent a serious threat for human public health worldwide.[1,2]The 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)caused a pneumonia outbreak,which is spreading around the country and has affected 32 provinces and regions of China as of January 27,2020.[3,4]Countries outside China,including Japan,the United States,Thailand,and South Korea,have also reported cases imported from other countries.[5]With the joint efforts of Chinese scientists,health workers,and related departments,the pathogen causing this epidemic was quickly identified as a new type of coronavirus,10 days after the first official report.After confirming the pathogen,specific detection methods were rapidly developed,with improvement in etiological diagnosis.As of January 22,2020,it has been confirmed that the new coronavirus came from wild bats and belonged to group 2b of the beta coronavirus,which includes severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus(SARS-CoV).[6]Although 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV belong to the same sub-group of beta coronaviruses,the similarity at the genome level is only 80%,[7,8]meaning that the new virus is genetically different from SARS-CoV[Supplementary Figure 1A,http://links.lww.com/CM9/A209].Rapid discovery of the causative agent and development of diagnostic reagents demonstrated that technology has greatly improved in the 17 years since the SARS outbreak.However,no effective anti-viral medication or vaccines are available for this new virus,and many of its aspects remain to be explored.Similar to the SARS outbreak,this outbreak also occurred during the spring festival,the most important of the Chinese traditional festivals,when 3 billion people travel throughout the country.[9]This unexpectedly provides beneficial conditions for the transmission of this highly infectious disease and correspondingly poses great challenges for the prevention and control of the outbreak.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61303093, 61472245, and 61402278, the Innovation Program of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality of China under Grant No. 16511101300, and the Gaofeng Film Discipline Grant of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission of China.
文摘To the Editor: Letrozole, a third-generation aromatase inhibitor (AI), is a relatively newer class of endocrine agents used in hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer[1] Vascular thrombotic events, such as acute myocardial infarction and acute cerebral infarction, in patients with breast cancer after initiation of letrozole therapy have been documented in the literature.[2,3] However, the impact of this adjuvant endocrine therapy on increasing the risk of developing vascular thrombotic events has been a controversial issue.Here, we report a rare case of a woman with breast cancer developing unilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion after letrozole treatment.
