Background Considerable research has been conducted in the areas of audio-driven virtual character gestures and facial animation with some degree of success.However,few methods exist for generating full-body animation...Background Considerable research has been conducted in the areas of audio-driven virtual character gestures and facial animation with some degree of success.However,few methods exist for generating full-body animations,and the portability of virtual character gestures and facial animations has not received sufficient attention.Methods Therefore,we propose a deep-learning-based audio-to-animation-and-blendshape(Audio2AB)network that generates gesture animations and ARK it's 52 facial expression parameter blendshape weights based on audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels to generate parametric data for full-body animations.This parameterization method can be used to drive full-body animations of virtual characters and improve their portability.In the experiment,we first downsampled the gesture and facial data to achieve the same temporal resolution for the input,output,and facial data.The Audio2AB network then encoded the audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels,and then fused the text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels into the audio to obtain better audio features.Finally,we established links between the body,gestures,and facial decoders and generated the corresponding animation sequences through our proposed GAN-GF loss function.Results By using audio,audio-corresponding text,and emotional and semantic relevance labels as input,the trained Audio2AB network could generate gesture animation data containing blendshape weights.Therefore,different 3D virtual character animations could be created through parameterization.Conclusions The experimental results showed that the proposed method could generate significant gestures and facial animations.展开更多
With the soaring generation of hazardous waste(HW)during industrialization and urbanization,HW illegal dumping continues to be an intractable global issue.Particularly in developing regions with lax regulations,it has...With the soaring generation of hazardous waste(HW)during industrialization and urbanization,HW illegal dumping continues to be an intractable global issue.Particularly in developing regions with lax regulations,it has become a major source of soil and groundwater contamination.One dominant challenge for HW illegal dumping supervision is the invisibility of dumping sites,which makes HW illegal dumping difficult to be found,thereby causing a long-term adverse impact on the environment.How to utilize the limited historic supervision records to screen the potential dumping sites in the whole region is a key challenge to be addressed.In this study,a novel machine learning model based on the positive-unlabeled(PU)learning algorithm was proposed to resolve this problem through the ensemble method which could iteratively mine the features of limited historic cases.Validation of the random forest-based PU model showed that the predicted top 30%of high-risk areas could cover 68.1%of newly reported cases in the studied region,indicating the reliability of the model prediction.This novel framework will also be promising in other environmental management scenarios to deal with numerous unknown samples based on limited prior experience.展开更多
In cardiac myocytes,the sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR)is the main storage organelle of free Ca^(2+).The concentration of free Ca^(2+)in the SR is 0.5–1.0 mmol/L and is 2–3 orders of magnitude greater than that in the cy...In cardiac myocytes,the sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR)is the main storage organelle of free Ca^(2+).The concentration of free Ca^(2+)in the SR is 0.5–1.0 mmol/L and is 2–3 orders of magnitude greater than that in the cytosol.The SR is composed of interconnected cisternae(junctional SR,i.e.,JSR)and tubules(free SR network,i.e.,FSR)that extend throughout the cytosol[1].Ca^(2+)is released from the JSR into the cytosol via Ca^(2+)release units(CRUs,展开更多
On April 26,2021,a 33-year-old male Chinese sailor returning from India via Kathmandu,Nepal,tested positive for the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by Chengdu Customs and was confirmed positive by Chengdu CDC(Case A...On April 26,2021,a 33-year-old male Chinese sailor returning from India via Kathmandu,Nepal,tested positive for the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by Chengdu Customs and was confirmed positive by Chengdu CDC(Case A).On May 2,2021,a housewife in the same flight tested positive for COVID-19 by Pengzhou CDC in Sichuan Province during her quarantine period and was confirmed positive by Chengdu CDC the next day(Case B).展开更多
The Yellow River Delta （YRD） is a typical agricultural and petrochemical industrial area of China. To assess the current status of soil dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDT） and polychlorinated biphenyls （PCB） r...The Yellow River Delta （YRD） is a typical agricultural and petrochemical industrial area of China. To assess the current status of soil dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDT） and polychlorinated biphenyls （PCB） residues, topsoil samples （0-15 cm） （n = 82） were collected in Bincheng District, at the geographic center of the YRD. The total concentrations of six DDT homologues were within 3.3-3819 ~tg/kg, with a mean concentration of 191 ~tg/kg, showing significant increase along urban-rural gradient. Soil concentrations of seven indicator PCBs in the area ranged from non-detectable to 87.0 ~g/kg, dominated by heavily chlorinated PCBs （PCB-101 and -118）. Soil PCBs concentrations were significantly greater in urban than suburban and rural areas. Principal component and multiple linear regression analysis suggest that 86.4% of soil DDTs originate from past DDT usage, and 13.6% originate from dicofol application. Soil PCBs most likely originate from the petrochemical industry （77.1%）, municipal solid waste disposal （16.5%）, local commercial PCB homologues usage （5.2%）, and long-range atmospheric deposition （1.2%）. In general, soil DDTs pollution was classified as low level, and mean PCBs concentrations were below the severe contamination classification range. Because PCB-118 is a dioxin-like congener, monitoring and remediation is advised to assess and reduce negative environmental and human health effects from soil DDTs and dioxin-like congeners in the study area.展开更多
A series of lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine (3a-3f) and fUroP,2-b]pyridine derivatives (4a-4g) were evaluated on human a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) using two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) recording. A repr...A series of lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine (3a-3f) and fUroP,2-b]pyridine derivatives (4a-4g) were evaluated on human a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) using two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) recording. A representative 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)- furo[3,2-b]pyridine 4f as negative allosteric modulator (NAM) selectively inhibited alpha7 nAChR over a3p4, a4p2 nAChRs and 5-HT3a receptor, with a potency of IC50 of 5.51 |1M and a maximum inhibition rate of 87.8%. The preliminary analysis of structure-activity relationship (SAR) suggested that compound 4f could serve as a basis for further discovery of potent and selective a7 nAChR NAMs.展开更多
To modulate gene expression in research studies or in potential clinical therapies,transfection of exogenous nucleic acids including plasmid DNA and small interference RNA(siRNA)are generally performed.However,the cel...To modulate gene expression in research studies or in potential clinical therapies,transfection of exogenous nucleic acids including plasmid DNA and small interference RNA(siRNA)are generally performed.However,the cellular processing and the fate of these nucleic acids remain elusive.By investigating the cellular behavior of transfected nucleic acids using confocal imaging,here we show that when siRNA was cotransfected into cultured cells with other nucleic acids,including single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides,single and double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides,as well as long double-stranded plasmid DNA,they all aggregate in the same cytoplasmic granules.Interestingly,the amount of siRNA aggregating in granules was found not to correlate with the gene silencing activity,suggesting that assembly of cytoplasmic granules triggered by siRNA transfection may be separable from the siRNA silencing event.Our results argue against the claim that the siRNAaggregating granules are the functional site of RNA interference(RNAi).Taken together,our studies suggest that,independent of their types or forms,extraneously transfected nucleic acids are processed through a common cytoplasmic pathway and trigger the formation of a new type of cytoplasmic granules“transfection granules”.展开更多
A series of 2-arylamino-1,3,5-triazine derivatives(4a–4g),which were designed and synthesized via Sonogashira coupling reaction,were evaluated using two-electrode voltage clamp(TEVC)recordings of humanα7 nAChR expre...A series of 2-arylamino-1,3,5-triazine derivatives(4a–4g),which were designed and synthesized via Sonogashira coupling reaction,were evaluated using two-electrode voltage clamp(TEVC)recordings of humanα7 nAChR expressed in Xenopus ooctyes.Compound 4g as a positive allosteric modulator(PAM)showed better efficacy than lead compound 3(HZZ-A-11)with an EC50 value of 1.23±0.41μM.Further pharmacological evaluation of compound 4g might lead to the developmental potential for therapy of cognitive deficits commonly shared by neuropsychiatric disorders,such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki carbonylation with CHCl3 as carbonylative reagent was realized without external ligands. Different substituted benzophenones were explored via the coupling reaction of aryl iodides, arylboro...Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki carbonylation with CHCl3 as carbonylative reagent was realized without external ligands. Different substituted benzophenones were explored via the coupling reaction of aryl iodides, arylboronic acids and CHCl3 as a CO surrogate in moderate to good yields. This method was also successfully applied to the structure modification of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor positive allosteric modulators（α7 nAChR PAMs） based on the preliminary structure-activity relationship.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62277014)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC1523100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (PA2023GDSK0047)。
文摘Background Considerable research has been conducted in the areas of audio-driven virtual character gestures and facial animation with some degree of success.However,few methods exist for generating full-body animations,and the portability of virtual character gestures and facial animations has not received sufficient attention.Methods Therefore,we propose a deep-learning-based audio-to-animation-and-blendshape(Audio2AB)network that generates gesture animations and ARK it's 52 facial expression parameter blendshape weights based on audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels to generate parametric data for full-body animations.This parameterization method can be used to drive full-body animations of virtual characters and improve their portability.In the experiment,we first downsampled the gesture and facial data to achieve the same temporal resolution for the input,output,and facial data.The Audio2AB network then encoded the audio,audio-corresponding text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels,and then fused the text,emotion labels,and semantic relevance labels into the audio to obtain better audio features.Finally,we established links between the body,gestures,and facial decoders and generated the corresponding animation sequences through our proposed GAN-GF loss function.Results By using audio,audio-corresponding text,and emotional and semantic relevance labels as input,the trained Audio2AB network could generate gesture animation data containing blendshape weights.Therefore,different 3D virtual character animations could be created through parameterization.Conclusions The experimental results showed that the proposed method could generate significant gestures and facial animations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71761147002,71921003,and 52270199)Jiangsu R&D Special Fund for Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality(BK20220014)State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse(PCRRZZ-202109).
文摘With the soaring generation of hazardous waste(HW)during industrialization and urbanization,HW illegal dumping continues to be an intractable global issue.Particularly in developing regions with lax regulations,it has become a major source of soil and groundwater contamination.One dominant challenge for HW illegal dumping supervision is the invisibility of dumping sites,which makes HW illegal dumping difficult to be found,thereby causing a long-term adverse impact on the environment.How to utilize the limited historic supervision records to screen the potential dumping sites in the whole region is a key challenge to be addressed.In this study,a novel machine learning model based on the positive-unlabeled(PU)learning algorithm was proposed to resolve this problem through the ensemble method which could iteratively mine the features of limited historic cases.Validation of the random forest-based PU model showed that the predicted top 30%of high-risk areas could cover 68.1%of newly reported cases in the studied region,indicating the reliability of the model prediction.This novel framework will also be promising in other environmental management scenarios to deal with numerous unknown samples based on limited prior experience.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11272014 and 11328201)the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB531200)
文摘In cardiac myocytes,the sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR)is the main storage organelle of free Ca^(2+).The concentration of free Ca^(2+)in the SR is 0.5–1.0 mmol/L and is 2–3 orders of magnitude greater than that in the cytosol.The SR is composed of interconnected cisternae(junctional SR,i.e.,JSR)and tubules(free SR network,i.e.,FSR)that extend throughout the cytosol[1].Ca^(2+)is released from the JSR into the cytosol via Ca^(2+)release units(CRUs,
基金Non-Profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2020-PT330-005).
文摘On April 26,2021,a 33-year-old male Chinese sailor returning from India via Kathmandu,Nepal,tested positive for the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by Chengdu Customs and was confirmed positive by Chengdu CDC(Case A).On May 2,2021,a housewife in the same flight tested positive for COVID-19 by Pengzhou CDC in Sichuan Province during her quarantine period and was confirmed positive by Chengdu CDC the next day(Case B).
基金supported by the Scientific Award Fund for the Excellent Middle-Aged and Young Scientists of Shandong Province(No.2008BS09024)the Science and Technology Development Project of Binzhou City(No. 200818)the Science and Technology Development Project of Shandong Province(No.2009GG10006012)
文摘The Yellow River Delta （YRD） is a typical agricultural and petrochemical industrial area of China. To assess the current status of soil dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDT） and polychlorinated biphenyls （PCB） residues, topsoil samples （0-15 cm） （n = 82） were collected in Bincheng District, at the geographic center of the YRD. The total concentrations of six DDT homologues were within 3.3-3819 ~tg/kg, with a mean concentration of 191 ~tg/kg, showing significant increase along urban-rural gradient. Soil concentrations of seven indicator PCBs in the area ranged from non-detectable to 87.0 ~g/kg, dominated by heavily chlorinated PCBs （PCB-101 and -118）. Soil PCBs concentrations were significantly greater in urban than suburban and rural areas. Principal component and multiple linear regression analysis suggest that 86.4% of soil DDTs originate from past DDT usage, and 13.6% originate from dicofol application. Soil PCBs most likely originate from the petrochemical industry （77.1%）, municipal solid waste disposal （16.5%）, local commercial PCB homologues usage （5.2%）, and long-range atmospheric deposition （1.2%）. In general, soil DDTs pollution was classified as low level, and mean PCBs concentrations were below the severe contamination classification range. Because PCB-118 is a dioxin-like congener, monitoring and remediation is advised to assess and reduce negative environmental and human health effects from soil DDTs and dioxin-like congeners in the study area.
基金National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.21572011,81537410)Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No.2014ZX09507003-006-004)
文摘A series of lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine (3a-3f) and fUroP,2-b]pyridine derivatives (4a-4g) were evaluated on human a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) using two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) recording. A representative 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)- furo[3,2-b]pyridine 4f as negative allosteric modulator (NAM) selectively inhibited alpha7 nAChR over a3p4, a4p2 nAChRs and 5-HT3a receptor, with a potency of IC50 of 5.51 |1M and a maximum inhibition rate of 87.8%. The preliminary analysis of structure-activity relationship (SAR) suggested that compound 4f could serve as a basis for further discovery of potent and selective a7 nAChR NAMs.
文摘To modulate gene expression in research studies or in potential clinical therapies,transfection of exogenous nucleic acids including plasmid DNA and small interference RNA(siRNA)are generally performed.However,the cellular processing and the fate of these nucleic acids remain elusive.By investigating the cellular behavior of transfected nucleic acids using confocal imaging,here we show that when siRNA was cotransfected into cultured cells with other nucleic acids,including single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides,single and double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides,as well as long double-stranded plasmid DNA,they all aggregate in the same cytoplasmic granules.Interestingly,the amount of siRNA aggregating in granules was found not to correlate with the gene silencing activity,suggesting that assembly of cytoplasmic granules triggered by siRNA transfection may be separable from the siRNA silencing event.Our results argue against the claim that the siRNAaggregating granules are the functional site of RNA interference(RNAi).Taken together,our studies suggest that,independent of their types or forms,extraneously transfected nucleic acids are processed through a common cytoplasmic pathway and trigger the formation of a new type of cytoplasmic granules“transfection granules”.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China aw arded to Q.Sun(NSFC,Grant No.81973169,21572011)and K.W.Wang(NSFC,Grant No.81537410)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China to K.W.Wang(Grant No.2014ZX09507003-006-004)。
文摘A series of 2-arylamino-1,3,5-triazine derivatives(4a–4g),which were designed and synthesized via Sonogashira coupling reaction,were evaluated using two-electrode voltage clamp(TEVC)recordings of humanα7 nAChR expressed in Xenopus ooctyes.Compound 4g as a positive allosteric modulator(PAM)showed better efficacy than lead compound 3(HZZ-A-11)with an EC50 value of 1.23±0.41μM.Further pharmacological evaluation of compound 4g might lead to the developmental potential for therapy of cognitive deficits commonly shared by neuropsychiatric disorders,such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21572011 and 21272009)
文摘Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki carbonylation with CHCl3 as carbonylative reagent was realized without external ligands. Different substituted benzophenones were explored via the coupling reaction of aryl iodides, arylboronic acids and CHCl3 as a CO surrogate in moderate to good yields. This method was also successfully applied to the structure modification of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor positive allosteric modulators（α7 nAChR PAMs） based on the preliminary structure-activity relationship.
