Paper-based devices have attracted extensive attention due to the growing demand for disposable flexible electronics.Herein,we integrate semiconducting devices on cellulose paper substrate through a simple abrasion te...Paper-based devices have attracted extensive attention due to the growing demand for disposable flexible electronics.Herein,we integrate semiconducting devices on cellulose paper substrate through a simple abrasion technique that yields high-performance photodetectors.A solvent-free WS_(2) film deposited on paper favors an effective electron-hole separation and hampers recombination.The as-prepared paper-based WS2 photodetectors exhibit a sensitive photoresponse over a wide spectral range spanning from ultraviolet(365 nm)to near-infrared(940 nm).Their responsivity value reaches up to~270 mA W^(−1) at 35 V under a power density of 35 mW cm^(−2).A high performance photodetector was achieved by controlling the environmental exposure as the ambient oxygen molecules were found to decrease the photoresponse and stability of the WS_(2) photodetector.Furthermore,we have built a spectrometer using such a paperbased WS_(2) device as the photodetecting component to illustrate its potential application.The present work could promote the development of cost-effective disposable photodetection devices.展开更多
Purpose: As an important issue, strategic planning in public libraries has been paid more attention in China recent years. However, a comprehensive and systematic research, especially strategic models based on empiric...Purpose: As an important issue, strategic planning in public libraries has been paid more attention in China recent years. However, a comprehensive and systematic research, especially strategic models based on empirical studies, is required in the public library strategic planning. The purpose of this research is to investigate the current practices and propose an appropriate reference and guidance of strategic planning in public libraries in China's Mainland.Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire-based survey method is carried out to collect the views of public libraries staff at different levels in China's Mainland. The questionnaire is designed on the following four aspects toward strategic planning in public libraries: The attitude, the status quo, basic issues and the guides. The 882 valid questionnaires are processed by a statistic analysis to reflect the current practices of strategic planning in public libraries in China's Mainland.Findings: Our research results reveal that the unclear and confused understanding of the strategic planning still exist among the public libraries staff in China's Mainland. However, the majority of respondents still believe that the strategic planning in public libraries is significant and the library developments will be affected for lacking strategic planning. Moreover, it is considerable that the strategic plans are jointly made by independent agencies and public libraries, or by the public library itself. Also, guidelines and a set of softwares in strategic planning are needed.Research limitations/implications: The study was restricted to six main areas in China. A wider geographic sampling can preferable show the basic status of strategic planning in public libraries.The procedures of data collection would be another limitation. Nevertheless, case studies should be used in the further research.Originality: The importance of this research originates from a large number of first-hand data about strategic planning in public libraries in China's Mainland. The results provide extra perception into the future development of Chinese public libraries. The understanding obtained from this study will play a part in forthcoming evolution of this area of research.展开更多
Complex permittivity and electrical impedance have been measured along the c-axis in single crystals BaFe_2 As_2,which are the conductors known as the parent compound of 122-type iron superconductor. The resultant rel...Complex permittivity and electrical impedance have been measured along the c-axis in single crystals BaFe_2 As_2,which are the conductors known as the parent compound of 122-type iron superconductor. The resultant relative errors defined in the study indicate the existence of the transformation between complex permittivity and electrical impedance in the conductors, and these two physics quantities possibly reveal different aspects of the consistent superconductivityrelevant physics picture.展开更多
Enterovirus A71(EV-A71)is one of the main causative agents of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)and it also causes severe neurologic complications in infected children.The interactions between some viruses and the host...Enterovirus A71(EV-A71)is one of the main causative agents of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)and it also causes severe neurologic complications in infected children.The interactions between some viruses and the host mitochondria are crucial for virus replication and pathogenicity.In this study,it was observed that EV-A71 infection resulted in a perinuclear redistribution of the mitochondria.The mitochondria rearrangement was found to require the microtubule network,the dynein complex and a low cytosolic calcium concentration.Subsequently,the EV-A71 non-structural protein 2BC was identified as the viral protein capable of inducing mitochondria clustering.The protein was found localized on mitochondria and interacted with the mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1(RHOT1)that is a key protein required for attachment between the mitochondria and the motor proteins,which are responsible for the control of mitochondria movement.Additionally,suppressing mitochondria clustering by treating cells with nocodazole,EHNA,thapsigargin or A23187 consistently inhibited EV?A71 replication,indicating that mitochondria recruitment played a crucial role in the EV-A71 life cycle.This study identified a novel function of the EV-A71 2BC protein and provided a potential model for the regulation of mitochondrial motility in EV-A71 infection.展开更多
For quartz crystal resonators of thickness-shear type,the vibration frequency and mode shapes reflect the basic material and structural properties of a quartz crystal plate and the variation with time under attack by ...For quartz crystal resonators of thickness-shear type,the vibration frequency and mode shapes reflect the basic material and structural properties of a quartz crystal plate and the variation with time under attack by erosive gases and liquids that can cause surface and internal degradation in a graded form.Such gradual effects,in turn,will change surface conditions through elastic constants and stiffness and more importantly the gradient of such properties across the thickness with certain depth.Now we study the thickness-shear vibrations of functionally graded material plates with properties of the popular AT-cut quartz crystal varying across the thickness in a general pattern represented by both sine and cosine components of the thickness.The vibration solutions are obtained through the Fourier expansion of the plate deformation.展开更多
Dear Editor,Male sterile lines,especially cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)lines,are extensively used in commercial hybrid seed production.Therefore a better understanding of the genetic basis of fertility restoration for...Dear Editor,Male sterile lines,especially cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)lines,are extensively used in commercial hybrid seed production.Therefore a better understanding of the genetic basis of fertility restoration for CMS is important for the utility of heterosis in crops.In general,restorer of fertility(Rf)is controlled by one or two major genomic genes,and most of the Rf genes encode pro-teins containing P type pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR)motifs(Wang et al.,2006;Hu et al.,2012;Tang et al.,2014;Liu et al.,2016).S type CMS(CMS-S)is the main type of maize CMS with wide cytoplasmic sources,and orf355-orf77 in CMS-S was associated with male sterility(Zabala et al.,1997).The 5'stem-loop of the transcript of orf355-orf77 was thought to be associ-ated with its stability(Xiao et al.,2006).Recently,Xiao et al.(2020)confirmed that orf355 is the causal gene of CMS-S.Rf3,the main restorer of CMS-S,has been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2 for a long time(Laughnan and Gabay,1978).Since then,great efforts have been made on genetic mapping and cloning of this gene(Xu et al.,2009).展开更多
Microbes play important roles in human health and disease.The interaction between microbes and hosts is a reciprocal relationship,which remains largely under-explored.Current computational resources lack manually and ...Microbes play important roles in human health and disease.The interaction between microbes and hosts is a reciprocal relationship,which remains largely under-explored.Current computational resources lack manually and consistently curated data to connect metagenomic data to pathogenic microbes,microbial core genes,and disease phenotypes.We developed the MicroPhenoDB database by manually curating and consistently integrating microbe-disease association data.MicroPhenoDB provides 5677 non-redundant associations between 1781 microbes and 542 human disease phenotypes across more than 22 human body sites.MicroPhenoDB also provides 696,934 relationships between 27,277 unique clade-specific core genes and 685 microbes.Disease phenotypes are classified and described using the Experimental Factor Ontology(EFO).A refined score model was developed to prioritize the associations based on evidential metrics.The sequence search option in MicroPhenoDB enables rapid identification of existing pathogenic microbes in samples without running the usual metagenomic data processing and assembly.MicroPhenoDB offers data browsing,searching,and visualization through user-friendly web interfaces and web service application programming interfaces.MicroPhenoDB is the first database platform to detail the relationships between pathogenic microbes,core genes,and disease phenotypes.It will accelerate metagenomic data analysis and assist studies in decoding microbes related to human diseases.MicroPhenoDB is available through http://www.liwzlab.cn/microphenodb and http://lilab2.sysu.edu.cn/microphenodb.展开更多
A fluorine-free and multifunctional superhydrophobic coating(r-MSC)was prepared by the one-step spraying method.The coating had superhydrophobic and low-adhesion properties with the water contact angle of 161.5°�...A fluorine-free and multifunctional superhydrophobic coating(r-MSC)was prepared by the one-step spraying method.The coating had superhydrophobic and low-adhesion properties with the water contact angle of 161.5°�1°and the sliding angle of 3.2°�0.5°.It could be prepared by spraying while maintaining superhydrophobic surface characteristics on any substrates.The coating owed outstanding mechanical durability and chemical stability.Moreover,the coating also possessed the ability of self-cleaning,anti-fouling,anti-icing,and flame retardant ability.Importantly,the presence of multifunc-tional coating endowed the substrate with both water-resistant and fireproof properties.Besides,it also showed excellent oil-water separation ability,which presented the oil-water separation efficiency of over 90%for different types of oils after 10 separation cycles.Furthermore,the coating could improve corrosion inhibition performance and the corrosion current density was reduced by two orders of magnitude from the polarization curve.The r-MSC had the advantages of simple preparation,fluorine-free,environ-mentally friendly and appropriate for large-area fabrication,which could be applied to various fields.展开更多
This research is a case study of Shandong Public library with the application of a grounded theory to identify the perceived dimensions and the theoretical framework of organizational culture in the view of librarians...This research is a case study of Shandong Public library with the application of a grounded theory to identify the perceived dimensions and the theoretical framework of organizational culture in the view of librarians.Research found two dimensions which were internal cultural perception and external cultural perception.In the internal cultural perception,there include two notion areas,which are career orientation and personal characteristics of the individual;in the external cultural perception,there include five notion areas,which are social environment,architecture,systems,tasks and leadership.The theoretical framework of mechanisms of public librarians’ perception of organizational cultures is constructed.The study found two mechanisms of the dynamic evolution of organizational culture of public libraries:the first is the mechanism of individual internalization of cultures,and the other is the mechanism of the person-culture fit.展开更多
基金Felix Carrascoso (ICMM-CSIC) for support with the metal evaporationfunding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement n°755655,ERC-StG 2017 project2D-TOPSENSE)+5 种基金the Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain) through the project PID2020-115566RB-I00support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No.61704129 and No.62011530438the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi (Program No.2021KW-02)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JB211409)the grant from China Scholarship Council (CSC) under No.201908610178the support from European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the grant agreement 956813 (2Exciting)。
文摘Paper-based devices have attracted extensive attention due to the growing demand for disposable flexible electronics.Herein,we integrate semiconducting devices on cellulose paper substrate through a simple abrasion technique that yields high-performance photodetectors.A solvent-free WS_(2) film deposited on paper favors an effective electron-hole separation and hampers recombination.The as-prepared paper-based WS2 photodetectors exhibit a sensitive photoresponse over a wide spectral range spanning from ultraviolet(365 nm)to near-infrared(940 nm).Their responsivity value reaches up to~270 mA W^(−1) at 35 V under a power density of 35 mW cm^(−2).A high performance photodetector was achieved by controlling the environmental exposure as the ambient oxygen molecules were found to decrease the photoresponse and stability of the WS_(2) photodetector.Furthermore,we have built a spectrometer using such a paperbased WS_(2) device as the photodetecting component to illustrate its potential application.The present work could promote the development of cost-effective disposable photodetection devices.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.08ATQ001)
文摘Purpose: As an important issue, strategic planning in public libraries has been paid more attention in China recent years. However, a comprehensive and systematic research, especially strategic models based on empirical studies, is required in the public library strategic planning. The purpose of this research is to investigate the current practices and propose an appropriate reference and guidance of strategic planning in public libraries in China's Mainland.Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire-based survey method is carried out to collect the views of public libraries staff at different levels in China's Mainland. The questionnaire is designed on the following four aspects toward strategic planning in public libraries: The attitude, the status quo, basic issues and the guides. The 882 valid questionnaires are processed by a statistic analysis to reflect the current practices of strategic planning in public libraries in China's Mainland.Findings: Our research results reveal that the unclear and confused understanding of the strategic planning still exist among the public libraries staff in China's Mainland. However, the majority of respondents still believe that the strategic planning in public libraries is significant and the library developments will be affected for lacking strategic planning. Moreover, it is considerable that the strategic plans are jointly made by independent agencies and public libraries, or by the public library itself. Also, guidelines and a set of softwares in strategic planning are needed.Research limitations/implications: The study was restricted to six main areas in China. A wider geographic sampling can preferable show the basic status of strategic planning in public libraries.The procedures of data collection would be another limitation. Nevertheless, case studies should be used in the further research.Originality: The importance of this research originates from a large number of first-hand data about strategic planning in public libraries in China's Mainland. The results provide extra perception into the future development of Chinese public libraries. The understanding obtained from this study will play a part in forthcoming evolution of this area of research.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11004106)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2015CB946502)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.SPRP-B:XDB25000000)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Complex permittivity and electrical impedance have been measured along the c-axis in single crystals BaFe_2 As_2,which are the conductors known as the parent compound of 122-type iron superconductor. The resultant relative errors defined in the study indicate the existence of the transformation between complex permittivity and electrical impedance in the conductors, and these two physics quantities possibly reveal different aspects of the consistent superconductivityrelevant physics picture.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grants Nos. 81621091, 31370201)
文摘Enterovirus A71(EV-A71)is one of the main causative agents of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)and it also causes severe neurologic complications in infected children.The interactions between some viruses and the host mitochondria are crucial for virus replication and pathogenicity.In this study,it was observed that EV-A71 infection resulted in a perinuclear redistribution of the mitochondria.The mitochondria rearrangement was found to require the microtubule network,the dynein complex and a low cytosolic calcium concentration.Subsequently,the EV-A71 non-structural protein 2BC was identified as the viral protein capable of inducing mitochondria clustering.The protein was found localized on mitochondria and interacted with the mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1(RHOT1)that is a key protein required for attachment between the mitochondria and the motor proteins,which are responsible for the control of mitochondria movement.Additionally,suppressing mitochondria clustering by treating cells with nocodazole,EHNA,thapsigargin or A23187 consistently inhibited EV?A71 replication,indicating that mitochondria recruitment played a crucial role in the EV-A71 life cycle.This study identified a novel function of the EV-A71 2BC protein and provided a potential model for the regulation of mitochondrial motility in EV-A71 infection.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10932004,11072116,and 11372145)K.C.Wong Magna Fund administered by Ningbo UniversityA dditional supports are from the Research Project Foundation of Zhejiang Department of Education(Grant Nos.Y201636501 and Y201738413).
文摘For quartz crystal resonators of thickness-shear type,the vibration frequency and mode shapes reflect the basic material and structural properties of a quartz crystal plate and the variation with time under attack by erosive gases and liquids that can cause surface and internal degradation in a graded form.Such gradual effects,in turn,will change surface conditions through elastic constants and stiffness and more importantly the gradient of such properties across the thickness with certain depth.Now we study the thickness-shear vibrations of functionally graded material plates with properties of the popular AT-cut quartz crystal varying across the thickness in a general pattern represented by both sine and cosine components of the thickness.The vibration solutions are obtained through the Fourier expansion of the plate deformation.
基金supported in part by a project(No.2016YFD0100804)of the National Key Research and Development Program of Chinaa grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371635)+1 种基金a project(No.2662020SKPY011)of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Chinathe 111 Project of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding(B20051).
文摘Dear Editor,Male sterile lines,especially cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)lines,are extensively used in commercial hybrid seed production.Therefore a better understanding of the genetic basis of fertility restoration for CMS is important for the utility of heterosis in crops.In general,restorer of fertility(Rf)is controlled by one or two major genomic genes,and most of the Rf genes encode pro-teins containing P type pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR)motifs(Wang et al.,2006;Hu et al.,2012;Tang et al.,2014;Liu et al.,2016).S type CMS(CMS-S)is the main type of maize CMS with wide cytoplasmic sources,and orf355-orf77 in CMS-S was associated with male sterility(Zabala et al.,1997).The 5'stem-loop of the transcript of orf355-orf77 was thought to be associ-ated with its stability(Xiao et al.,2006).Recently,Xiao et al.(2020)confirmed that orf355 is the causal gene of CMS-S.Rf3,the main restorer of CMS-S,has been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2 for a long time(Laughnan and Gabay,1978).Since then,great efforts have been made on genetic mapping and cloning of this gene(Xu et al.,2009).
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Programof China(Grant Nos.2016YFC0901604 and2018YFC0910401)the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Grant No.31771478)to WL.
文摘Microbes play important roles in human health and disease.The interaction between microbes and hosts is a reciprocal relationship,which remains largely under-explored.Current computational resources lack manually and consistently curated data to connect metagenomic data to pathogenic microbes,microbial core genes,and disease phenotypes.We developed the MicroPhenoDB database by manually curating and consistently integrating microbe-disease association data.MicroPhenoDB provides 5677 non-redundant associations between 1781 microbes and 542 human disease phenotypes across more than 22 human body sites.MicroPhenoDB also provides 696,934 relationships between 27,277 unique clade-specific core genes and 685 microbes.Disease phenotypes are classified and described using the Experimental Factor Ontology(EFO).A refined score model was developed to prioritize the associations based on evidential metrics.The sequence search option in MicroPhenoDB enables rapid identification of existing pathogenic microbes in samples without running the usual metagenomic data processing and assembly.MicroPhenoDB offers data browsing,searching,and visualization through user-friendly web interfaces and web service application programming interfaces.MicroPhenoDB is the first database platform to detail the relationships between pathogenic microbes,core genes,and disease phenotypes.It will accelerate metagenomic data analysis and assist studies in decoding microbes related to human diseases.MicroPhenoDB is available through http://www.liwzlab.cn/microphenodb and http://lilab2.sysu.edu.cn/microphenodb.
基金Defense Industrial Technology Development Program,Grant/Award Number:JCKY2019110D024JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team,Grant/Award Number:2020TD-03Scientific Research Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Education,Grant/Award Number:JJKH20211117KJ。
文摘A fluorine-free and multifunctional superhydrophobic coating(r-MSC)was prepared by the one-step spraying method.The coating had superhydrophobic and low-adhesion properties with the water contact angle of 161.5°�1°and the sliding angle of 3.2°�0.5°.It could be prepared by spraying while maintaining superhydrophobic surface characteristics on any substrates.The coating owed outstanding mechanical durability and chemical stability.Moreover,the coating also possessed the ability of self-cleaning,anti-fouling,anti-icing,and flame retardant ability.Importantly,the presence of multifunc-tional coating endowed the substrate with both water-resistant and fireproof properties.Besides,it also showed excellent oil-water separation ability,which presented the oil-water separation efficiency of over 90%for different types of oils after 10 separation cycles.Furthermore,the coating could improve corrosion inhibition performance and the corrosion current density was reduced by two orders of magnitude from the polarization curve.The r-MSC had the advantages of simple preparation,fluorine-free,environ-mentally friendly and appropriate for large-area fabrication,which could be applied to various fields.
基金an outcome of the project "Organizational culture of libraries from the perspective of management communication"(No.13BTQ001) supported by National Social Science Foundation of China
文摘This research is a case study of Shandong Public library with the application of a grounded theory to identify the perceived dimensions and the theoretical framework of organizational culture in the view of librarians.Research found two dimensions which were internal cultural perception and external cultural perception.In the internal cultural perception,there include two notion areas,which are career orientation and personal characteristics of the individual;in the external cultural perception,there include five notion areas,which are social environment,architecture,systems,tasks and leadership.The theoretical framework of mechanisms of public librarians’ perception of organizational cultures is constructed.The study found two mechanisms of the dynamic evolution of organizational culture of public libraries:the first is the mechanism of individual internalization of cultures,and the other is the mechanism of the person-culture fit.
