Delayed and nonhealing of diabetic wounds imposes substantial economic burdens and physical pain on patients.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)promote diabetic wound healing.Particularly when MSCs aggregate into multicellul...Delayed and nonhealing of diabetic wounds imposes substantial economic burdens and physical pain on patients.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)promote diabetic wound healing.Particularly when MSCs aggregate into multicellular spheroids,their therapeutic effect is enhanced.However,traditional culture platforms are inadequate for the efficient preparation and delivery of MSC spheroids,resulting in inefficiencies and inconveniences in MSC spheroid therapy.In this study,a three-dimensional porous nanofibrous dressing(NFD)is prepared using a combination of electrospinning and homogeneous freeze-drying.Using thermal crosslinking,the NFD not only achieves satisfactory elasticity but also maintains notable cytocompatibility.Through the design of its structure and chemical composition,the NFD allows MSCs to spontaneously form MSC spheroids with controllable sizes,serving as MSC spheroid delivery systems for diabetic wound sites.Most importantly,MSC spheroids cultured on the NFD exhibit improved secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor,and hepatocyte growth factor,thereby accelerating diabetic wound healing.The NFD provides a competitive strategy for MSC spheroid formation and delivery to promote diabetic wound healing.展开更多
In the ELMy H-mode experiment,naturally occurring dust originating at the high-field side is clearly observed using the high-speed vacuum ultraviolet imaging system developed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducti...In the ELMy H-mode experiment,naturally occurring dust originating at the high-field side is clearly observed using the high-speed vacuum ultraviolet imaging system developed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).The main ablation cloud shape is similar to the classical shape observed in pellet fueling experiments.However,during the dust penetration,an erupted secondary cloudlet with a bent‘cigar’shape is observed and moves upwards along the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field line,which is different to the obviation in the pellet fueling experiments.This may be due to the ion diamagnetic drift effect.The velocities of the secondary cloudlet are estimated to be 50–80 m s^(-1).In addition,a significant degradation of the plasma confinement is observed during the dust penetration.展开更多
Extreme ultraviolet(EUV) spectra emitted from low-Z impurity ions in the wavelength range of10–500Å were observed in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)discharges. Several spectral lines from K-a...Extreme ultraviolet(EUV) spectra emitted from low-Z impurity ions in the wavelength range of10–500Å were observed in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)discharges. Several spectral lines from K-and L-shell partially ionized ions were successfully observed with sufficient spectral intensities and resolutions for helium, lithium, boron, carbon,oxygen, neon, silicon and argon using two fast-time-response EUV spectrometers of which the spectral intensities are absolutely calibrated based on the intensity comparison method between visible and EUV bremsstrahlung continua. The wavelength is carefully calibrated using wellknown spectra. The lithium, boron and silicon are individually introduced for the wall coating of the EAST vacuum vessel to suppress mainly the hydrogen and oxygen influxes from the vacuum wall, while the carbon and oxygen intrinsically exist in the plasma. The helium is frequently used as the working gas as well as the deuterium. The neon and argon are also often used for the radiation cooling of edge plasma to reduce the heat flux onto the divertor plate. The measured spectra were analyzed mainly based on the database of National Institute of Standards and Technology. As a result, spectral lines of He Ⅱ, Li Ⅱ–Ⅲ, B Ⅳ–Ⅴ, C Ⅲ–Ⅵ, O Ⅲ–Ⅷ, Ne Ⅱ–Ⅹ,Si Ⅴ–Ⅻ, and Ar Ⅹ–XVI are identified in EAST plasmas of which the central electron temperature and chord-averaged electron density range in Te0=0.6–2.8 keV and ne=(0.5–6.0)×1019 m-3, respectively. The wavelengths and transitions of EUV lines identified here are summarized and listed in a table for each impurity species as the database for EUV spectroscopy using fusion plasmas.展开更多
Manganese dioxide(MnO2)is a widely used and well-studied 3-dimensional(3D)transition metal oxide,which has advantages in ultrafast optics due to large specific surface area,narrow bandgap,multiple pores,superior elect...Manganese dioxide(MnO2)is a widely used and well-studied 3-dimensional(3D)transition metal oxide,which has advantages in ultrafast optics due to large specific surface area,narrow bandgap,multiple pores,superior electron transfer capability,and a wide range of light absorption.However,few studies have considered its excellent performance in ultrafast photonics.y-MnO2 photonics devices were fabricated based on a special dual-core,pair-hole fiber(DCPHF)carrier and applied in ultrafast optics fields for the first time.The results show that the soliton molecule with tunable temporal separation(1.84 to 2.7 ps)and 600-MHz harmonic solitons are achieved in the experiment.The result proves that this kind of photonics device has goodapplications in ultrafast lasers,high-performance sensors,fiber optical communications,etc.,which can help expand the prospect of combining 3D materials with novel fiber for ultrafast optics device technology.展开更多
Multimodal imaging in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II)guided cancer therapy is a highly precise and efficient cancer theranostic strategy.However,it is still a challenge to develop activated NIR-II optical imag...Multimodal imaging in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II)guided cancer therapy is a highly precise and efficient cancer theranostic strategy.However,it is still a challenge to develop activated NIR-II optical imaging and therapy agents.In this study,we develop a pH-responsive hybrid plasmonic-fluorescent vesicle by self-assembly of amphiphilic plasmonic nanogapped gold nanorod(AuNNR)and fluorescent down-conversion nanoparticles(DCNP)(AuNNR-DCNP Ve),showing remarkable and activated NIR-II fluorescence(FL)/NIR-II photoacoustic(PA)imaging performances.The hybrid vesicle also exhibited superior loading capacity of doxorubicin as a superior drug carrier and efficient radiosensitizer for X-ray-induced radiotherapy.Interestingly,the accumulated hybrid AuNNR-DCNP Ve in the tumor resulted in a recovery of NIR-II FL imaging signal and a variation in NIR-II PA imaging signal.Dual activated NIR-II PA and FL imaging of the hybrid vesicle could trace drug release and precisely guided cancer radiotherapy to ultimately reduce the side effects to healthy tissue.展开更多
Precision medicine is a potential effective therapeutic for various human diseases. Currently, metal complex-based drugs are being successfully used in clinical applications owing to diverse properties such as multipl...Precision medicine is a potential effective therapeutic for various human diseases. Currently, metal complex-based drugs are being successfully used in clinical applications owing to diverse properties such as multiple redox states, photo-induced ligand exchange, and preferential ligand and coordination numbers, which facilitate drug design and development. However, drawbacks such as toxicity, lack of specificity, and severe side effects have hampered their therapeutic outcome. Therefore, innovative strategies for improving the specificity and pharmacokinetics of conventional metal complex-based therapeutic agents are required. Recently, nanotechnology, which provides a unique toolbox for developing effective and safer medicine, has attracted considerable attention, mainly because of their ability to reduce side effects and enhance drug loading efficiency and pharmacokinetics. Considering the promising chemical and physical properties of diverse nanostructures, nanoformulation of metal complexes can be used to effectively address the problems associated with current metallodrug complexes, especially those based on stimuli-responsive therapeutic strategies, with excellent spatial, temporal, and dosage control. In this review, we have mainly focused on the specificity and environment-responsiveness of metallodrug nanoformulations as therapeutics, and summarized the recent strategies being used for developing metal complex-functionalized intelligent nanoplatforms, which respond to various types of stimuli, including endogenous signals （pH, redox condition,s, and enzyme activities） or external triggers （light irradiation and magnetic field manipulations）. In addition, we have also discussed the potential challenges associated with use of metallodrugs and their nanoformulations as effective precision therapy with improved specificity and minimal side effects.展开更多
Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks(nano MOFs)have emerged as a promising biomedical nanoplatform because of their unique properties.However,the exploration of nano MOFs in photoacoustic(PA)imaging is still limited.Her...Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks(nano MOFs)have emerged as a promising biomedical nanoplatform because of their unique properties.However,the exploration of nano MOFs in photoacoustic(PA)imaging is still limited.Here,a novel hydrogen sulfide(H2 S)-activated nano copper-based MOF(Cu-MOF)was developed as a near-infrared(NIR)ratiometric PA probe for in vivo monitoring of endogenous H2 S level and orthotopic colorectal cancer imaging via in situ reaction of nano Cu-MOFs with endogenous H2 S that is closely associated with tumor growth and proliferation in colon cancer.The synthesized nano Cu-MOFs displayed excellent PA responsiveness towards tumor H2 S level with high selectivity and rapid kinetics.The result suggests the developed probe may provide a unique opportunity to investigate the malignant behaviors of H2 S-associated events in vivo.展开更多
In the present study,it is found that the prepared alumina ceramics has better mineralization ability in a newly revised simulated body fluid.With the extension of mineralization time,the amount of hydroxyapatite(HA)c...In the present study,it is found that the prepared alumina ceramics has better mineralization ability in a newly revised simulated body fluid.With the extension of mineralization time,the amount of hydroxyapatite(HA)crystals deposited on the surface of alumina ceramics also increased gradually.The results of cell biological experiments of alumina ceramics with hydroxyapatite surface layer demonstrate that the mineralized materials have better biological activity and osteogenesis properties in vitro.In the meanwhile,the ALP activity and expression of osteogenesis-related genes(OPN,ALP,Col-I,and OCN)of mouse bone marrow stromal stem cells on the samples were significantly promoted by increasing the formation of HA on the surface of alumina ceramics.Our research concluded that alumina ceramics with HA phase on surface had great potential to be developed as a sort of bioactive material in the bone repair field.展开更多
基金supported by Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202203021222199)the Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Scientific Research Initial Funding(20222090)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975019).
文摘Delayed and nonhealing of diabetic wounds imposes substantial economic burdens and physical pain on patients.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)promote diabetic wound healing.Particularly when MSCs aggregate into multicellular spheroids,their therapeutic effect is enhanced.However,traditional culture platforms are inadequate for the efficient preparation and delivery of MSC spheroids,resulting in inefficiencies and inconveniences in MSC spheroid therapy.In this study,a three-dimensional porous nanofibrous dressing(NFD)is prepared using a combination of electrospinning and homogeneous freeze-drying.Using thermal crosslinking,the NFD not only achieves satisfactory elasticity but also maintains notable cytocompatibility.Through the design of its structure and chemical composition,the NFD allows MSCs to spontaneously form MSC spheroids with controllable sizes,serving as MSC spheroid delivery systems for diabetic wound sites.Most importantly,MSC spheroids cultured on the NFD exhibit improved secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor,and hepatocyte growth factor,thereby accelerating diabetic wound healing.The NFD provides a competitive strategy for MSC spheroid formation and delivery to promote diabetic wound healing.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFE03080200,2022YFE03030001 and2022YFE03050003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11975271,12075284,12075283 and 12175277)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of President’s International Fellowship Initiative(No.2021VMA0022)the Post-CUP program,JSPS-CAS Bilateral Joint Research Projects,‘Control of wall recycling on metallic plasma facing materials in fusion reactor’,2019–2022,(No.GJHZ201984)。
文摘In the ELMy H-mode experiment,naturally occurring dust originating at the high-field side is clearly observed using the high-speed vacuum ultraviolet imaging system developed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).The main ablation cloud shape is similar to the classical shape observed in pellet fueling experiments.However,during the dust penetration,an erupted secondary cloudlet with a bent‘cigar’shape is observed and moves upwards along the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field line,which is different to the obviation in the pellet fueling experiments.This may be due to the ion diamagnetic drift effect.The velocities of the secondary cloudlet are estimated to be 50–80 m s^(-1).In addition,a significant degradation of the plasma confinement is observed during the dust penetration.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFE0311100,2017YFE0300402,2017YFE0301300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.Nos.11905146,11775269,U1832126,11805133)+1 种基金Hefei Science Center High-end User Development Fund Project(2019HSCUE014)Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative(PIFI)(2020VMA0001)。
文摘Extreme ultraviolet(EUV) spectra emitted from low-Z impurity ions in the wavelength range of10–500Å were observed in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)discharges. Several spectral lines from K-and L-shell partially ionized ions were successfully observed with sufficient spectral intensities and resolutions for helium, lithium, boron, carbon,oxygen, neon, silicon and argon using two fast-time-response EUV spectrometers of which the spectral intensities are absolutely calibrated based on the intensity comparison method between visible and EUV bremsstrahlung continua. The wavelength is carefully calibrated using wellknown spectra. The lithium, boron and silicon are individually introduced for the wall coating of the EAST vacuum vessel to suppress mainly the hydrogen and oxygen influxes from the vacuum wall, while the carbon and oxygen intrinsically exist in the plasma. The helium is frequently used as the working gas as well as the deuterium. The neon and argon are also often used for the radiation cooling of edge plasma to reduce the heat flux onto the divertor plate. The measured spectra were analyzed mainly based on the database of National Institute of Standards and Technology. As a result, spectral lines of He Ⅱ, Li Ⅱ–Ⅲ, B Ⅳ–Ⅴ, C Ⅲ–Ⅵ, O Ⅲ–Ⅷ, Ne Ⅱ–Ⅹ,Si Ⅴ–Ⅻ, and Ar Ⅹ–XVI are identified in EAST plasmas of which the central electron temperature and chord-averaged electron density range in Te0=0.6–2.8 keV and ne=(0.5–6.0)×1019 m-3, respectively. The wavelengths and transitions of EUV lines identified here are summarized and listed in a table for each impurity species as the database for EUV spectroscopy using fusion plasmas.
基金supported by the Starting Grants of Shaanxi Normal University(grant nos.1112010209 and 1110010717)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.GK202103013 and 2021CSLY005)funded projects for the Academic Leader and Academic Backbones,Shaanxi Normal University(no.18QNGG006)。
文摘Manganese dioxide(MnO2)is a widely used and well-studied 3-dimensional(3D)transition metal oxide,which has advantages in ultrafast optics due to large specific surface area,narrow bandgap,multiple pores,superior electron transfer capability,and a wide range of light absorption.However,few studies have considered its excellent performance in ultrafast photonics.y-MnO2 photonics devices were fabricated based on a special dual-core,pair-hole fiber(DCPHF)carrier and applied in ultrafast optics fields for the first time.The results show that the soliton molecule with tunable temporal separation(1.84 to 2.7 ps)and 600-MHz harmonic solitons are achieved in the experiment.The result proves that this kind of photonics device has goodapplications in ultrafast lasers,high-performance sensors,fiber optical communications,etc.,which can help expand the prospect of combining 3D materials with novel fiber for ultrafast optics device technology.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21635002 and 21874024)the joint research projects of Health and Education Commission of Fujian Province(No.2019-WJ-20).
文摘Multimodal imaging in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II)guided cancer therapy is a highly precise and efficient cancer theranostic strategy.However,it is still a challenge to develop activated NIR-II optical imaging and therapy agents.In this study,we develop a pH-responsive hybrid plasmonic-fluorescent vesicle by self-assembly of amphiphilic plasmonic nanogapped gold nanorod(AuNNR)and fluorescent down-conversion nanoparticles(DCNP)(AuNNR-DCNP Ve),showing remarkable and activated NIR-II fluorescence(FL)/NIR-II photoacoustic(PA)imaging performances.The hybrid vesicle also exhibited superior loading capacity of doxorubicin as a superior drug carrier and efficient radiosensitizer for X-ray-induced radiotherapy.Interestingly,the accumulated hybrid AuNNR-DCNP Ve in the tumor resulted in a recovery of NIR-II FL imaging signal and a variation in NIR-II PA imaging signal.Dual activated NIR-II PA and FL imaging of the hybrid vesicle could trace drug release and precisely guided cancer radiotherapy to ultimately reduce the side effects to healthy tissue.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial supports by NTU-AIT-MUV NAM/16001, RG 35/15, RG110/16 （S）, Merlion 2017 Program （M4082162）, JSPS-NTU Joint Research （M4082175） and awarded in Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （No. 51628201）.
文摘Precision medicine is a potential effective therapeutic for various human diseases. Currently, metal complex-based drugs are being successfully used in clinical applications owing to diverse properties such as multiple redox states, photo-induced ligand exchange, and preferential ligand and coordination numbers, which facilitate drug design and development. However, drawbacks such as toxicity, lack of specificity, and severe side effects have hampered their therapeutic outcome. Therefore, innovative strategies for improving the specificity and pharmacokinetics of conventional metal complex-based therapeutic agents are required. Recently, nanotechnology, which provides a unique toolbox for developing effective and safer medicine, has attracted considerable attention, mainly because of their ability to reduce side effects and enhance drug loading efficiency and pharmacokinetics. Considering the promising chemical and physical properties of diverse nanostructures, nanoformulation of metal complexes can be used to effectively address the problems associated with current metallodrug complexes, especially those based on stimuli-responsive therapeutic strategies, with excellent spatial, temporal, and dosage control. In this review, we have mainly focused on the specificity and environment-responsiveness of metallodrug nanoformulations as therapeutics, and summarized the recent strategies being used for developing metal complex-functionalized intelligent nanoplatforms, which respond to various types of stimuli, including endogenous signals （pH, redox condition,s, and enzyme activities） or external triggers （light irradiation and magnetic field manipulations）. In addition, we have also discussed the potential challenges associated with use of metallodrugs and their nanoformulations as effective precision therapy with improved specificity and minimal side effects.
基金the National Nature Sciences Foundation of China(2163500221874024)+2 种基金the joint research projects of Health and Education Commission of Fujian Province(2019-WJ-20)the Intramural Research Program,National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institutes of Health。
文摘Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks(nano MOFs)have emerged as a promising biomedical nanoplatform because of their unique properties.However,the exploration of nano MOFs in photoacoustic(PA)imaging is still limited.Here,a novel hydrogen sulfide(H2 S)-activated nano copper-based MOF(Cu-MOF)was developed as a near-infrared(NIR)ratiometric PA probe for in vivo monitoring of endogenous H2 S level and orthotopic colorectal cancer imaging via in situ reaction of nano Cu-MOFs with endogenous H2 S that is closely associated with tumor growth and proliferation in colon cancer.The synthesized nano Cu-MOFs displayed excellent PA responsiveness towards tumor H2 S level with high selectivity and rapid kinetics.The result suggests the developed probe may provide a unique opportunity to investigate the malignant behaviors of H2 S-associated events in vivo.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.52172280)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant no.2016YFB0700803).
文摘In the present study,it is found that the prepared alumina ceramics has better mineralization ability in a newly revised simulated body fluid.With the extension of mineralization time,the amount of hydroxyapatite(HA)crystals deposited on the surface of alumina ceramics also increased gradually.The results of cell biological experiments of alumina ceramics with hydroxyapatite surface layer demonstrate that the mineralized materials have better biological activity and osteogenesis properties in vitro.In the meanwhile,the ALP activity and expression of osteogenesis-related genes(OPN,ALP,Col-I,and OCN)of mouse bone marrow stromal stem cells on the samples were significantly promoted by increasing the formation of HA on the surface of alumina ceramics.Our research concluded that alumina ceramics with HA phase on surface had great potential to be developed as a sort of bioactive material in the bone repair field.
