At present,China is facing new strategic opportunities as well as risks and challenges in its development.Faced with the challenges brought by current global major risks,China urgently needs to build a group of world-...At present,China is facing new strategic opportunities as well as risks and challenges in its development.Faced with the challenges brought by current global major risks,China urgently needs to build a group of world-class enterprises as ballast stones.Accelerating the development of a number of world-class enterprises is an important support for China to enhance its comprehensive strength and international competitiveness,and is crucial for the realization of the strategic blueprint for socialist modernization.After more than forty years of reform and opening up,Chinese enterprises have rapidly developed and grown stronger,with their position rising and their influence in the global market increasing continuously.However,Chinese enterprises are“large in size but not yet strong enough”.In this context,this paper systematically analyzes the practical significance and theoretical connotation of building world-class enterprises and the status quo of building world-class enterprises in China and takes CNOOC as an example to deeply analyze the practices of large central enterprises to build world-class enterprises at the levels of group and subsidiaries,providing a reference for Chinese enterprises to accelerate their progress towards world-class enterprises.展开更多
随着人们对肿瘤免疫微环境的深入研究,发现肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸是造成肿瘤进展的关键原因,其分子机制也成为肿瘤免疫治疗研究的重点问题之一。近年研究表明程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death receptor-1,PD-1)与程序性死亡配体-1(progra...随着人们对肿瘤免疫微环境的深入研究,发现肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸是造成肿瘤进展的关键原因,其分子机制也成为肿瘤免疫治疗研究的重点问题之一。近年研究表明程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death receptor-1,PD-1)与程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)与肿瘤发生、发展有密切联系。其中,PD-1是T细胞介导免疫反应中的重要抑制性免疫检查点,肿瘤细胞通过表达PD-L1,与肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的PD-1结合,诱导淋巴细胞的凋亡,从而抵抗淋巴细胞的杀伤作用,最终造成肿瘤发生免疫逃逸。本文对PD-1和PD-L1在肿瘤免疫逃逸中的作用机制及在肿瘤治疗中的临床意义作一综述。展开更多
目的探讨距骨骨软骨损伤(osteochondral lesions of the talus,OLT)软骨基质金属蛋白酶-1(matrix metalloproteinase-1,MMP-1)的表达与磁共振T2值之间的关系及其在距骨骨软骨损伤的机制。材料与方法收集30例踝关节距骨骨软骨损伤行微创...目的探讨距骨骨软骨损伤(osteochondral lesions of the talus,OLT)软骨基质金属蛋白酶-1(matrix metalloproteinase-1,MMP-1)的表达与磁共振T2值之间的关系及其在距骨骨软骨损伤的机制。材料与方法收集30例踝关节距骨骨软骨损伤行微创治疗术患者及30名健康志愿者,均行3.0 T常规踝关节磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)及T2-mapping功能成像,测量距骨软骨T2值。术后离体距骨骨软骨行苏木精-伊红染色(hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)和Western Blot法分析距骨骨软骨MMP-1的表达,统计学分析距骨骨软骨T2值与MMP-1蛋白表达的相关性。结果距骨骨软骨损伤以内中侧最为多见(磁共振6分区法),距骨骨软骨T2值随软骨损伤Mankin分级明显增大(P<0.05)。软骨MMP-1蛋白表达高级别与低级别差异明显(P<0.05)。软骨T2值与软骨MMP-1表达呈线性相关趋势,Pearson分析距骨骨软骨损伤T2值增加与MMP-1蛋白表达增加呈直线性正相关(r=0.821,P<0.0001)。结论距骨骨软骨损伤以内中侧最为多见,距骨骨软骨磁共振T2值随软骨损伤分级逐级递增;距骨骨软骨损伤磁共振T2值与MMP-1蛋白表达呈正相关,距骨骨软骨磁共振T2-mapping功能成像T2值定量分析可在体、无创性预测不同级别软骨损伤MMP-1蛋白的表达含量,为临床治疗OLT提供影像学定量依据。展开更多
文摘At present,China is facing new strategic opportunities as well as risks and challenges in its development.Faced with the challenges brought by current global major risks,China urgently needs to build a group of world-class enterprises as ballast stones.Accelerating the development of a number of world-class enterprises is an important support for China to enhance its comprehensive strength and international competitiveness,and is crucial for the realization of the strategic blueprint for socialist modernization.After more than forty years of reform and opening up,Chinese enterprises have rapidly developed and grown stronger,with their position rising and their influence in the global market increasing continuously.However,Chinese enterprises are“large in size but not yet strong enough”.In this context,this paper systematically analyzes the practical significance and theoretical connotation of building world-class enterprises and the status quo of building world-class enterprises in China and takes CNOOC as an example to deeply analyze the practices of large central enterprises to build world-class enterprises at the levels of group and subsidiaries,providing a reference for Chinese enterprises to accelerate their progress towards world-class enterprises.
文摘随着人们对肿瘤免疫微环境的深入研究,发现肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸是造成肿瘤进展的关键原因,其分子机制也成为肿瘤免疫治疗研究的重点问题之一。近年研究表明程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death receptor-1,PD-1)与程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)与肿瘤发生、发展有密切联系。其中,PD-1是T细胞介导免疫反应中的重要抑制性免疫检查点,肿瘤细胞通过表达PD-L1,与肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的PD-1结合,诱导淋巴细胞的凋亡,从而抵抗淋巴细胞的杀伤作用,最终造成肿瘤发生免疫逃逸。本文对PD-1和PD-L1在肿瘤免疫逃逸中的作用机制及在肿瘤治疗中的临床意义作一综述。
