目的研究乌檀Nauclea officinalis(Pierre ex Pitard) Merr. et Chun的化学成分。方法乌檀75%乙醇提取物采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴...目的研究乌檀Nauclea officinalis(Pierre ex Pitard) Merr. et Chun的化学成分。方法乌檀75%乙醇提取物采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为没食子酸(1)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(2)、山柰酚(3)、2α,3β-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(4)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(5)、23-羟基-乌苏酸(6)、2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(7)、2β,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(8)、3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-23-hydroxyursolic acid(9)、3β,19α,23-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(10)、乌苏酸(11)、胡萝卜苷(12)。结论化合物3~9均为首次从该植物中分离得到。展开更多
Black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles （30-40 mm total length） were immersed in a range of calcein （CAL） solutions at concentrations ranging from 50 to 250 mg/L and alizarin red S （ARS） solutions at concen...Black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles （30-40 mm total length） were immersed in a range of calcein （CAL） solutions at concentrations ranging from 50 to 250 mg/L and alizarin red S （ARS） solutions at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 mg/L in filtered seawater （salinity 30） for 24 h. Fluorescent marks were detected in otoliths （sagittae, asteriscus）, scales, fin rays （dorsal, pectoral, ventral, anal, and caudal fin rays）, and fin spines （dorsal, ventral, and anal fin spines） after a 60-d growth experiment. With the exception of 50-100 rng/L CAL, acceptable marks were produced in the otoliths and fin spines by all concentrations of CAL and ARS. In particular, marks were clearly visible under normal light in the sagittae, asteriscus, and fin spines offish immersed in 200 500 mg/L, 300-500 rag/L, and 200-500 mg/LARS, respectively. Scales and fin rays had acceptable marks at much higher concentrations （≥50 mg/L CAL, ≥300 mg/L ARS for scales and ≥50 mg/L CAL,≥200 mg/L ARS for fin rays）. The mark quality was highest （i.e., acceptable marks were observed in all sampled structures after immersion marking） in fish immersed in 150-250 mg/L CAL or 300-500 mg/LARS. In addition, there was no significant difference in survival and growth of marked fish compared with controls 60 d post-marking （P〉0.05）.展开更多
文摘目的研究乌檀Nauclea officinalis(Pierre ex Pitard) Merr. et Chun的化学成分。方法乌檀75%乙醇提取物采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为没食子酸(1)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(2)、山柰酚(3)、2α,3β-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(4)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(5)、23-羟基-乌苏酸(6)、2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(7)、2β,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(8)、3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-23-hydroxyursolic acid(9)、3β,19α,23-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(10)、乌苏酸(11)、胡萝卜苷(12)。结论化合物3~9均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(No.201003068)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31172447,41176117)
文摘Black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles （30-40 mm total length） were immersed in a range of calcein （CAL） solutions at concentrations ranging from 50 to 250 mg/L and alizarin red S （ARS） solutions at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 mg/L in filtered seawater （salinity 30） for 24 h. Fluorescent marks were detected in otoliths （sagittae, asteriscus）, scales, fin rays （dorsal, pectoral, ventral, anal, and caudal fin rays）, and fin spines （dorsal, ventral, and anal fin spines） after a 60-d growth experiment. With the exception of 50-100 rng/L CAL, acceptable marks were produced in the otoliths and fin spines by all concentrations of CAL and ARS. In particular, marks were clearly visible under normal light in the sagittae, asteriscus, and fin spines offish immersed in 200 500 mg/L, 300-500 rag/L, and 200-500 mg/LARS, respectively. Scales and fin rays had acceptable marks at much higher concentrations （≥50 mg/L CAL, ≥300 mg/L ARS for scales and ≥50 mg/L CAL,≥200 mg/L ARS for fin rays）. The mark quality was highest （i.e., acceptable marks were observed in all sampled structures after immersion marking） in fish immersed in 150-250 mg/L CAL or 300-500 mg/LARS. In addition, there was no significant difference in survival and growth of marked fish compared with controls 60 d post-marking （P〉0.05）.
