帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流...帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流域全域冰川物质平衡呈现不断亏损的状态,为-0.41 m w.e.·a^(-1),在2000—2019年物质平衡亏损更为严重,达到-0.56 m w.e.·a^(-1)。从空间分布上来看,流域东南部和流域西北部是冰川亏损最为严重的区域,流域中部和西部冰川亏损相比较少。温度的升高和降水的轻微减少是冰川物质亏损的主要原因。通过气温和降水的敏感性分析,气温上升1℃,流域71.75%的冰川物质平衡变化在-1000~-500 mm w.e.·a^(-1);降水减少20%,62.81%的冰川物质平衡变化在-450~-300 mm w.e.·a^(-1),相较于降水,冰川对气温变化更为敏感。通过分析国家气象站及再分析数据,发现1980—2019年气象站气温上升均超过1.5℃,波密站2000—2019年总降水相较于前20年,减少了10%,流域降水整体呈现减少的趋势,气温的持续升高和降水的轻微减少导致帕隆藏布流域冰川处于持续亏损之中。展开更多
以西双版纳普洱茶为研究对象,利用ASD Field Spec 3地物光谱仪采集叶片高光谱数据,采用导数光谱分析技术对光谱数据进行处理,在实验室测定相应的茶氨酸和氮素含量,分析普洱茶叶片生化参数与原始光谱、光谱一阶微分、光谱对数一阶微分以...以西双版纳普洱茶为研究对象,利用ASD Field Spec 3地物光谱仪采集叶片高光谱数据,采用导数光谱分析技术对光谱数据进行处理,在实验室测定相应的茶氨酸和氮素含量,分析普洱茶叶片生化参数与原始光谱、光谱一阶微分、光谱对数一阶微分以及高光谱特征变量间的相关性,并利用遗传算法优化的BP神经网络建立了茶氨酸含量和氮素含量的高光谱估测模型。结果表明:普洱茶叶片生化参数含量与高光谱原始反射率间相关性弱,但与光谱一阶微分、光谱对数一阶微分和高光谱特征变量在可见光、近红外波段范围内相关性较强;遗传算法优化下的BP神经网络模型对普洱茶叶片生化参数的估测精度优于普通BP神经网络模型,茶氨酸含量估测精度RMSE为0.21 mg/g,R^2为0.73,氮素含量估测精度RMSE为0.36 g/kg,R^2等于0.88。展开更多
Land surface evapotranspiration(ET)is a critical component in the hydrological cycle but has not well been understood in data-scarce areas especially in river basins,like Nujiang River(NRB)which is characterized by la...Land surface evapotranspiration(ET)is a critical component in the hydrological cycle but has not well been understood in data-scarce areas especially in river basins,like Nujiang River(NRB)which is characterized by large elevation gradient and different vegetation zones with complex processes of water and energy exchange.The quality of ET from optical remote sensing is constrained by cloud cover which is common in the NRB in the monsoon seasons.To understand factors controlling the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of ET in NRB,we employed the Variable Infiltration Capacity(VIC)hydrological model by parameter optimization with support of quality controlled remote sensing ET product and observed river runoff series in the river.The modeled ET has increased during 1984-2018,which might be one of the reasons for the runoff decrease but precipitation increase in the same period.ET increase and runoff decrease tended to be quicker within altitudinal band of 2000-4000 m than in other areas in NRB.We observed that ET variation in different climatic zones were controlled by different factors.ET is generally positively correlated with precipitation,temperature,and shortwave radiation but negatively with relative humidity.In the Tundra Climate(Et)zone in the upper reach of NRB,ET is controlled by precipitation,while it is controlled by shortwave radiation in the snow climate with dry winter(Dw)zone.ET increase is influenced by the increase of temperature,wind speed,and shortwave radiation in the middle and downstream of NRB with warm temperate climate,fully humid(Cf)and warm temperate climate with dry winter(Cw).展开更多
文摘帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流域全域冰川物质平衡呈现不断亏损的状态,为-0.41 m w.e.·a^(-1),在2000—2019年物质平衡亏损更为严重,达到-0.56 m w.e.·a^(-1)。从空间分布上来看,流域东南部和流域西北部是冰川亏损最为严重的区域,流域中部和西部冰川亏损相比较少。温度的升高和降水的轻微减少是冰川物质亏损的主要原因。通过气温和降水的敏感性分析,气温上升1℃,流域71.75%的冰川物质平衡变化在-1000~-500 mm w.e.·a^(-1);降水减少20%,62.81%的冰川物质平衡变化在-450~-300 mm w.e.·a^(-1),相较于降水,冰川对气温变化更为敏感。通过分析国家气象站及再分析数据,发现1980—2019年气象站气温上升均超过1.5℃,波密站2000—2019年总降水相较于前20年,减少了10%,流域降水整体呈现减少的趋势,气温的持续升高和降水的轻微减少导致帕隆藏布流域冰川处于持续亏损之中。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42171129)the second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(2019QZKK0208)Yunnan University Talent Introduction Research Project(YJRC3201702)。
文摘Land surface evapotranspiration(ET)is a critical component in the hydrological cycle but has not well been understood in data-scarce areas especially in river basins,like Nujiang River(NRB)which is characterized by large elevation gradient and different vegetation zones with complex processes of water and energy exchange.The quality of ET from optical remote sensing is constrained by cloud cover which is common in the NRB in the monsoon seasons.To understand factors controlling the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of ET in NRB,we employed the Variable Infiltration Capacity(VIC)hydrological model by parameter optimization with support of quality controlled remote sensing ET product and observed river runoff series in the river.The modeled ET has increased during 1984-2018,which might be one of the reasons for the runoff decrease but precipitation increase in the same period.ET increase and runoff decrease tended to be quicker within altitudinal band of 2000-4000 m than in other areas in NRB.We observed that ET variation in different climatic zones were controlled by different factors.ET is generally positively correlated with precipitation,temperature,and shortwave radiation but negatively with relative humidity.In the Tundra Climate(Et)zone in the upper reach of NRB,ET is controlled by precipitation,while it is controlled by shortwave radiation in the snow climate with dry winter(Dw)zone.ET increase is influenced by the increase of temperature,wind speed,and shortwave radiation in the middle and downstream of NRB with warm temperate climate,fully humid(Cf)and warm temperate climate with dry winter(Cw).
